The uncommon genus Hedychridium (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) in South America: new species and first record for Brazil Author Lucena, Daercio text Journal of Natural History 2018 2018-02-08 52 5 - 6 351 359 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2018.1432775 journal article 10.1080/00222933.2018.1432775 1464-5262 5178251 C0D66A84-3168-478D-9AC5-5EC3B4EB32FC Hedychridium periotoi sp. nov. ( Figures 1 , 2 ) Diagnosis The new species can be readily distinguished by distinctive traits that are absent in H. argentinum such as: second tarsomere of metaleg with double line of spines; metabasitarsus with apical crown of spines; mesoscutal integument rugulose to striate anterolaterally; fore wing entirely setose; apical margin of T3 with narrow translucent edge; compound eyes with sparse short microtrichia. Description Holotype female ( Figure 1 (a–d)). Body size : 3.6 mm ( Figure 1 (a)). Coloration : body predominantly light green with purplish blue bands on dorsum; head green with purplish blue stain among ocelli ( Figure 1 (b)); scape greenish; pedicel brownish; flagellomeres brown; mandible brown; mesosoma primarily light green, with bluish tint on pronotum; golden highlights on dorsum of pronotum and metasoma; mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum with dark band covering much of disc; dark band covering the mesoscutum ( Figure 1 (b)); tegula brown; coxae and femora green; trochanters light brown; tibiae green; tarsi light brown; sterna brown; T1 light green with golden highlights; T2 light green marginally, with dark blue band occupying much of disc ( Figure 1 (d)); T3 light green with reddish shine. Head : scapal basin densely marked by crossridging ( Figure 1 (c)), without setae; compound eye with microtrichia among ommatidia (as in Figure 1 (e)); malar space short, less than 0.2 × MOD; subantennal space 0.6 × MOD; clypeal margin straight; mandible with sub-medial tooth (as in Figure 1 (e)); F1 1.3 × longer than F2; genal margin without definite carina, with somewhat irregular ridge. Legs : tarsal claw with single perpendicular submedial tooth; metabasitarsus with crown of spines apically; second tarsomere of metaleg with double line of spines on ventral surface; metafemur enlarged. Wings : fore wing entirely setose (as in Figure 2 (h)); M gently curved, almost straight, arising slightly after 1cu-a; Rs short, evenly curved, tubular proximally, fading distally; A1 tubular at cu-a intersection, fading gradually. Pronotum : clearly narrower than head; medial notch slightly marked; anterolateral margin discretely carinate; lateral depression roughly sculptured. Mesoscutum : integument somewhat rugulose, striate anterolaterally; notauli deeply impressed; parapsidal lines discrete, surrounded by punctures. Mesopleuron : round, gently deflected posteriorly, with discrete scratch marks, scrobe deeply marked. Mesoscutellum : one-third as long as mesoscutum. Metanotum : posterior margin convex, as long as mesoscutellum. Propodeum : dorsal surface macro-foveolate, V-shaped; lateral process with some striate marks both dorsolaterally and lateroventrally; lateral process pointed apically. Metasoma : T3 with narrow apical translucent edge; margins smooth, round, without notch or corners; S1 polished; S2–S3 with silvery semi-decumbent setae. Punctation : head regularly punctate, changing abruptly in the scapal basin, which is densely striated (as in Figure 1 (e)); mesosoma mostly foveate, with some rugulose and striate areas marginally; metasoma with integument predominantly puncticulate, with discrete striate marks laterally on T2 and entirely on T3; T1–T2 finely punctate, distinctly shallower than the rest of body, with broad shiny interspaces among well-separated punctures. Figure 1. Hedychridium periotoi Lucena sp. nov. , holotype female. (a) Habitus, lateral view. (b) Mesosoma, dorsal view. (c) Head, frontal view. (d) Metasoma, dorsal view. (e) Paratype ♀, scanning electron micrographs of head, frontal view. Scale bars: a, b, 1 mm; c, d, 0.5 mm. Figure 2. Hedychridium periotoi Lucena sp. nov. , paratype male. (a) Habitus, lateral view. (b) Mesosoma, dorsal view. (c) Head, frontal view. (d) Metasoma, dorsal view. (e–g) Genital capsule. (e) Ventral view. (f) Lateral view. (g) Dorsal view. (h) Fore wing. Scale bars: a, b, 1 mm; c, d, h, 0.5 mm; e–g, 0.2 mm. Male ( Figure 2 (a–h)). Similar to female, except: distinct bronze shine on frons ( Figure 2 (c)), pronotum, mesoscutum and T1–T2 ( Figure 2 (a)); mesosoma primarily green blue, with bluish highlights on pronotum, mesoscutellum, metanotum and propodeum; large dark blue band covering the mesoscutum ( Figure 2 (b)); tibiae brownish green; T1 light green marginally, with dark blue band on disc; T2 light green marginally, with large dark blue band occupying much of disc ( Figure 2 (d)); T3 light green with bluish tint on disc; metafemur not so enlarged as in females; genital capsule ( Figure 2 (e–g)), gonocoxal lobes widely fused dorsally, lobes as long as aedeagus; cuspis with long apical setae. Material examined Holotype ♀ , BRAZIL , São Paulo , Itirapina , Est. Ecol. Itirapina, 26–28 November 2016 , Almeida , Porto , Lucena , Gibran and Yoshida ( RPSP ) . Paratypes : 16♀ 3♂ . 2♀ same data as holotype ( RPSP ) . BRAZIL , São Paulo , Luiz Antônio , Est . Ecol. de Jataí, 29 November 2016 , Almeida , Porto , Lucena , Gibran and Yoshida , 1♀ ( RPSP ); same data except 28–29 October 2016 , Tavares , Porto , Lucena , Gibran and Yoshida , 1♀ ( RPSP ) . São Paulo , São Carlos , 6 September 1991 , MT Tavares , 1♂ ( UFES ) . São Paulo , Luiz Antônio , Estação Ecológica de Jataí , Cerrado / Malaise trap 1, 11 October 2007 , NW Perioto , 1♀ ( LRRP ); same data except, 5 December 2007 , 1♀ ( LRRP ), 29 October 2008 , 1♀ ( MZUSP ), 10 December 2008 , 1♀ ( MZUSP ); same data except, Mata ciliar/ Malaise trap 2, 11 October 2007 , NW Perioto , 3♀ ( MZUSP ), 5 December 2007 , 1♀ ( MZUSP ), 7 November 2007 , 1♀ ( RPSP ), 12 November 2008 , 1♀ ( RPSP ) . São Paulo , Luiz Antônio , Est . Ecol. de Jataí, 16 October 1999 , GAR Melo , 2♀ 2♂ ( DZUP ) . Variation The microtrichia on eyes of females are shorter and sparser than in males. In some females, the microtrichia are particularly difficult to see (magnification above 100 ×). General body size = 3.4–3.9 mm. Etymology The species is named after the Brazilian entomologist Professor Nelson W. Perioto. Biology Some specimens were collected near aggregations of Oxybelus (Crabronidae) , but no incursions into the nests were observed (personal observation).