Sex-association experiments reveal the true identity of Physetopoda lampedusia (Invrea, 1957) (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae, Smicromyrmini)
Author
Matias, Rafael
0000-0002-5072-0538
MNHNC - Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, 1250 - 102 Lisboa, Portugal & cE 3 c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Change, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal. rfsmatias @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5072 - 0538
rfsmatias@gmail.com
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-06-29
5311
2
203
231
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5311.2.3
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.5311.2.3
1175-5326
8094233
F32BB695-1524-495D-9109-62ECC079F367
Ephutomma montarcense
((Mercet MS.)
Giner Marí, 1944
)
Figs. 4–8
Smicromyrme montarcense
(Mercet MS.)
Giner Marí, 1944: 89
, ♁, short diagnosis, key.
Smicromyrme montarcense
Mercet
in
Suárez 1959: 98
, ♁; description:
holotype
[
lectotype
] «Montarco (
Madrid
), sin fecha [without date], Arias» [MNCN],
paratypes
[
paralectotypes
], 10 ♁♁ with the same label [MNCN and ex coll. Suárez];
Mingo & Compte, 1963: 80
(♁, dorsal habitus figured), 89 (♁, genitalia figured). Junior homonym and junior objective synonym of
S. montarcense
(Mercet MS.)
Giner Marí, 1944
.
New synonymy
.
Smicromyrme lampedusia
Invrea, 1957: 16
,
♀
; 1964: 216,
♀
. Junior subjective synonym of
E. montarcense
((Mercet MS.) Giner Marí).
New synonymy
.
Smicromyrme negrei
Suárez, 1965a: 577
,
♀
.
Holotype
,
♀
“Mazuza,
Marruecos
[
Morocco
],
IX-1956
, A. Pardo [MNCN: ex coll. Suárez]. Junior subjective synonym of
S. lampedusia
Invrea, 1957
according to
Arnone & Romano 1995: 745
. Junior subjective synonym of
E. montarcense
((Mercet MS.) Giner Marí).
New synonymy
.
Ephutomma montarcense
:
Lelej 1985: 183
(key); 2002: 53 (catalogued);
Pagliano
et al.
2020: 173
(catalogued);
Parejo-Pulido
et al
. 2023: 12–13
(♁, habitus, discussed).
Physetopoda lampedusia
:
Pagliano & Strumia 2007: 76
(catalogued);
Baldock 2014: 342
(
♀
);
Lo Cascio 2015: 555
(listed);
Pagliano
et al.
2020: 180
(catalogued);
Parejo-Pulido
et al
. 2023: 15
(
♀
, dorsal habitus).
Type specimens
.
Lectotype
of
S. montarcense
, ♁ (designated by
Suárez 1959: 100
,
MNCN
_Ent91196) [
MNCN
]
.
Holotype
of
S. lampedusia
Invrea
,
♀
, “Isola
di Lampedusa
, Cavallo bianco, 18.v.[19]56 [
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale
“
G. Doria
”,
Genova
,
Italy
]
.
FIGURE 3.
Ephutomma montarcense
, pair ♁J, ♀H, pairing trial 19 (6.viii.2021), copula.
Male (holding the female) is landed on the stopper of a transparent tube. Note the extruded sting (♀) and the exposed parameres (♁).
Distribution
(
Fig. 9
):
Portugal
,
Spain
(including Mallorca Isl.),
Morocco
,
Italy
(Lampedusa Isl.).
Material examined
(38♁♁,
63♀♀
, all specimens
R
. Matias leg., det. & coll., unless otherwise stated).
PORTUGAL
(35♁♁,
63♀♀
).
CASTELO BRANCO
: Alfrívida (
Vila Velha de Ródão
),
29.vii.2019
(
1♀
).
LISBON
:
Quinta do Hespanhol
(
Dois Portos
,
Torres Vedras
):
8.viii.1999
(
1♀
).
Carreiras
(Carvoeira,
Torres Vedras
):
5.v.2002
(
2♀
).
Quinta Nova do Hespanhol
(
Dois Portos
,
Torres Vedras
),
31.vii.2003
(1♁,
1♀
).
Carmões
(
Torres Vedras
),
6.v.2014
(
1♀
);
20.iv.2022
(
2♀
).
Quinta da Glória
(
Carvoeira
,
Torres Vedras
):
1.v.2019
(
1♀
).
Casal do Rio
, Carreiras (
Carvoeira
,
Torres Vedras
):
1.v.2019
(
1♀
).
Casal Sobrigal
(Carmões,
Torres Vedras
):
15.viii.2019
(1♁, white pan trap);
4.vi.2021
(
1♀
, blue pan trap);
13.vii.2021
(
1♀
, blue pan trap);
25.vii.2021
(1♁,
1♀
);
27.vii.2021
(1♁,
1♀
);
30.vii.2021
(2♁);
31.vii.2021
(3♁, white pan trap);
1.viii.2021
(3♁, white pan trap);
2.viii.2021
(11♁:
2 in
white pan trap,
1 in
yellow pan trap;
2♀
);
3.viii.2021
(1♁, white pan trap);
4.viii.2021
(1♁, white pan trap);
5.viii.2021
(
2♀
);
6.viii.2021
(1♁,
2♀
);
7.viii.2021
(1♁, yellow pan trap);
8.viii.2021
(1♁, white pan trap;
1♀
);
9.viii.2021
(2♁, white pan trap);
10.viii.2021
(2♁, white pan trap);
12.viii.2021
(1♁, yellow pan trap);
29.ix.2021
(
3♀
);
3.x.2021
(
1♀
);
8.x.2021
(1♁, yellow pan trap);
10.x.2021
(
3♀
);
4.v.2022
(
1♀
);
7.v.2022
(
2♀
).
Torres Vedras
(
Lisbon
),
30.ix.2021
(
1♀
).
Serra do Lima
(
Odrinhas
,
Sintra
):
14.ix.2018
(
1♀
);
16.iv.2019
(
2♀
).
Serra das Éguas (Carenque, Amadora):
29.iv.2019
(
1♀
);
23.vii.2019
(
4♀
);
22.viii.2019
(
2♀
);
20.vii.2020
(
3♀
);
10.viii.2020
(
2♀
);
16.viii.2020
(
5♀
);
19.viii.2020
(
1♀
);
13.v.2022
(
8♀
);
15.vii.2022
(
1♀
);
22.vii.2022
(
1♀
).
FARO
:
Arrochela
(200 m S of
Arade River
),
Silves
,
16.vii.2022
(1♁),
light trap
(
T
.
Valkenburg
leg.,
R
.
Matias
det. & coll.).
SPAIN
(3♁♁).
MADRID
:
Montarco
, no date,
Arias
leg. (1♁:
MNCN
_
Ent
91199, paralectotype, genitalia in separate vial); no date,
Arias
leg. (1♁:
MNCN
_
Ent
91200,
paralectotype
;
Fig. 6
).
CADIZ
:
Jerez de la Frontera
,
6–7.viii.1967
, PMF
Verhoeff
leg.,
Suárez
ex-coll. & det. 1968 (1♁:
MNCN
_
Ent
308522, genitalia glued over separate card).
Material present in the
MNCN
and not examined
(
M. París
in litt
.).
SPAIN
(11♁♁).
Montarco
(
Madrid
): no date,
Arias
leg. (1♁,
lectotype
:
MNCN
_
Ent
91196; 7♁♁, paralectotypes:
MNCN
_
Ent
91197,
MNCN
_
Ent
91198,
MNCN
_
Ent
97009 (
Suárez
ex coll.),
MNCN
_
Ent
97010 (
Suárez
ex coll.),
MNCN
_
Ent
97011 (
Suárez
ex coll.),
MNCN
_
Ent
97012 (
Suárez
ex coll.),
MNCN
_
Ent
98345 (
Suárez
ex coll.);
1♁, adelfotype,
MNCN
_
Ent
337135 (
Suárez
det. 1979)). Alcudia, Mallorca (
Balearic Islands
),
8.vii.1894
(
F. Moragues
leg.),
1♁, only genitalia kept (
MNCN
_Ent 283563). Alicante, 23.vi.[19]10, 1♁,
Cox
leg.,
Andreu, Suárez ex coll. (
MNCN
_
Ent
337136).
Diagnosis. MALE.
Body length
5.8–10.7 mm
. Within the Iberian Peninsula, this male is easily distinguished from all other
Smicromyrmini
by the combination of an almost all black integument, felt line present only on T2, basal external tooth of mandible not protruding laterally, and silvery-white appressed pubescence apically on T2 and fully covering T3 and T4. Integument black except for subapical brick-red band on mandible, brownish posterior edge of tegula and brownish apical edge to antennal tubercle. Silvery-white appressed pubescence over narrow apical fringe on T2 and forming full bands over T3 and T4. Mandible bidentate, ventrally with small sub-medial tubercle (“tooth”) on outer margin, laterally not protruding. T2 with long and narrow felt line and S2 with no felt line. Wings slightly infuscate (pale brown) medially and especially on the outer border of forewing, sub-hyaline basally. Volsellar cuspis elongated and lamellar, apically narrowed and rounded, ventrally with setae approximately half the cuspis length, with many bent subapically posterad. Scutellum and T7 with long white setae. Clypeus weakly concave basally, slightly projected forward medially, bidentate on the anterior margin. Ocelli relatively small. POL:OOL 1.0–1.2.
FEMALE.
Body length
3.4–6.5 mm
. This female is recognizable by its elongated mesosoma, narrowed behind the pronotal spiracles, elongated T2 and round head with large eyes, when combined with the unmarked pygidium margined by white setae, the general pattern of pubescence and the inconspicuous scutellar scale. Head relatively small and rounded, markedly convex behind the eyes and wider than pronotum, with elongated spot of sparse long pale setae medially over vertex. Eyes large, very convex and protruding; minimum distance between their inner margins
ca
. 1.3 times their longitudinal diameter. Mesosoma narrow and elongated, ratio length/width
ca
. 1.7, narrower and with parallel sides behind the pronotal spiracles; propodeal spiracles dorsally not protruding; narrow well defined black pronotal band. Pygidium unmarked, smooth and shiny, laterally with pale setae partially overlapping its surface. Metasoma basally with three transversely aligned spots of pale pubescence over T2 (the lateral spots only dorso-laterally), apical band of pale pubescence medially slightly enlarged triangularly and full band over T3; T2 elongated.
Redescription of MALE.
TL
5.8–10.7 mm
;
Figs. 4–6.
1. Colour of integument
.
Black, except for narrow subapical transversal brick-red band on mandible, posterior border of tegula brownish to reddish-brown, and antennal tubercle apically brownish; legs and other structures may be paler brown in smaller individuals (see below). Tegula variably brown. Wings slightly infuscate (pale brown) medially and especially on outer border of forewing (beyond cells), basally sub-hyaline; veins medium brown, basally pale yellowish-brown, darker on costal and subcostal veins; pterostigma sub-celluliform, with thick black opaque venation surrounding slightly paler browner centre.