Phyllostomidae Author Don E. Wilson Author Russell A. Mittermeier text 2019 2019-10-31 Lynx Edicions Barcelona Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats 444 583 book chapter http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594 adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e 978-84-16728-19-0 6458594 107. Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat Carollia sowelli French: Carollia de Sowell / German: Sowell-Kurzschwanzblattnase / Spanish: Carolia de Sowell Taxonomy. Carollia sowelli R. J. Baker, Solari & F. G. Hoffmann, 2002 , “ Honduras , Comayagua , Cueva de Taulabe, ( 14°41’42" N , 87°57'07" W ).” This species is monotypic. Distribution. Gulf slope in E Mexico from San Luis Potosi and N Veracruz to Yucatan Peninsula and S Mexico ( Oaxaca and Chiapas ) S through Central America to W Panama . Descriptive notes. Head—body 60-79 mm, tail 7-14 mm, ear 16-21 mm, hindfoot 12-14 mm, forearm 37-42 mm; weight 12-21 g. Sowell’s Short-tailed Batis intermediate in size between the Silky Short-tailed Bat (C. brevicaudum) and Seba’s Short-tailed Bat ( C. perspicillata ). Dorsal pelage is tricolored, long, dense, and smooth, almost like that of the Silky Short-tailed Bat, but Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat lacks dark brown tips that would make its medial light band conspicuous. It has hair on forearm but not as abundant as in Seba’s Short-tailed Bat. Its face is more elongated than the Gray Short-tailed Bat (C. subrufa ), with round warts in front of lowerlip. Principal difference between Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat and the Silky Shorttailed Bat is based on order of nucleotides in the mitochondrial cytochrome-b. Habitat. Tropical rainforest and deciduous forests from sea level up to 2400 m . Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat is particularly abundant in early stages of secondary forests and plantations. Food and Feeding. Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat is frugivorous, but it sometimes eats insects. In Mexico , it feeds primarily from wild figs ( Ficus sp., Moraceae ), but it is reported that all species of Carollia eat fruits from species of Piper ( Piperaceae ), Cecropia ( Urticaceae ), Vismia ( Hypericaceae ), and Solanum ( Solanaceae ). Breeding. Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat has a bimodal reproduction pattern. Pregnant and lactating females were found in March—July. Pregnant females also were reported in February—April and July-September. Activity patterns. Sowell’s Short-tailed Bats roost in caves, hollow trees, rock crevices, and human structures. It has also been reported to roost under banana leaves ( Musa sp.). Movements, Home range and Social organization. In Mexico , Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat roosted with other species: e.g. Davy’s Naked-backed Bat ( Pteronotus davyi), the Common Mustached Bat (P. parnellii), Peters’s Ghost-faced Bat ( Mormoops megalophylla), the Common Vampire Bat ( Desmodus rotundus ), the Mexican Greater Funnel-eared Bat ( Natalus stramineus), Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat ( Glossophaga soricina ), and Myotis sp. Female colonies of Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat are separated from male colonies. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Lust. Bibliography. Baker et al. (2002), LaVal & Rodriguez-Herrera (2002), Miller et al. (2015b), Pine (1972), Tellez (2014a).