Taxonomy and evolution of asymmetric male genitalia in the subgenus Ashima Chen (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica Schiner), with descriptions of seven new species Author Toda, Masanori J. Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan Author Bänziger, Hans Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand hans. banziger @ cmu. ac. th; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8913 - 3034 Author Sati, Pradeep C. Systematic & Cytogenetic Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, 246174, Uttarakhand, India. & satipradeep 28 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6809 - 8575 Author Fartyal, Rajendra S. Systematic & Cytogenetic Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, 246174, Uttarakhand, India. & rs. fartyal @ hnbgu. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8844 - 6263 Author Suwito, Awit Zoology Division (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia. awitswt @ yahoo. com Author Katoh, Toru Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan t _ katoh @ sci. hokudai. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3376 - 8545 text Zootaxa 2020 2020-06-08 4789 1 1 54 journal article 21673 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.1 c12aaed8-264c-459c-b1aa-09eaeb686670 1175-5326 3884610 311A27A2-A053-4D20-A43E-EF57DBE55166 3. Phortica ( Ashima ) nigrifoliiseta species group, new Diagnosis. Pseudotracheae in labellum 7 per side (ch.14-1; Fig. 9C ); aedeagal, outer membrane apically with long, narrow tube (ch.57-1; Figs 6H , 8I ); aedeagal, median rod moderately sclerotized (ch.58-1; Fig. 8K ). Shared characters. Some interfrontal setulae as long as lowest setulae on ocellar triangle (ch.3-0). Arista with 1–3 dorsal branches (ch.5-1; Figs 8A , 9B ) and apical, leaf-like expansion (ch.7-1; Figs 8A , 9B ). Some anterior, cibarial, medial sensilla short, apically blunt, peg-like (ch.11-1; Fig. 8C ). Prementum without pubescent patches (ch.12-0; Fig. 9D ). Setulae just before prescutellar acrostichal setae somewhat longer than other acrostichal setulae (ch.15-1; Fig. 8B ). Mid and hind femora and all tibiae entirely yellow (ch.16–19-0). Apical, downward curved setula on fore tarsomere V stout, as long as tarsomere V (ch.20-1; Fig. 8D ). Caudal bands on tergites III and IV medially interrupted/constricted (ch.21-2). Abdominal sternite V wider than long (ch.25-1; Figs 8E , 9E ). Epandrium widely round on ventral margin (ch.31-1; Figs 8G , 9F ); setae on and/or near ventral margin of epandrium longer than those on other portions (ch.33-1; Figs 8G , 9F ). Surstylus without expansion at caudoventral corner (ch.35-0; Fig. 9F ). Hypandrial phragma as narrow as lateral gonocoxites (ch.41-1; Figs 8 I–K, 9G–I). Pregonite ( Figs 8I , 9G ) rod-like, with apical knob (ch.44-1); apical knob without fine serrations (ch.45-0). Aedeagal free sclerite absent (ch.59-0; Figs 8 I–K, 9G–I). Posterior, rod-like process of phallapodeme not longer than aedeagal median rod (ch.62-0). Aedeagal sheath and/or postgonites asymmetric (ch.63-1; Figs 8J , 9I ), with lateral lobes bearing strongly sclerotized postgonites (ch.65-1; Figs 8 I–K, 9G–I). Included taxa. Phortica ( Ashima ) foliacea ; P . ( A .) longipenis Chen & Wen ; P . ( A .) montipagana An & Chen ; P . ( A .) semiannulata Gong, Zhu & Chen ; P . ( A .) spinosa Chen & Gao ; P . ( A .) glabra species subgroup; and P . ( A .) nigrifoliiseta subgroup.