On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region 3171
Author
Calder, Dale R.
text
Zootaxa
2012
2012-01-24
3171
1
1
77
https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3171.1.1
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3171.1.1
11755334
5247704
Gonothyraea loveni
(
Allman, 1859
)
Fig. 49
Laomedea loveni
Allman, 1859: 138
.—
Jägerskiöld, 1971: 63
.
Campanularia geniculata
.—
Lovén, 1836: 281
, pl. 6, figs. 1–10, pl. 7, figs. 11–18 [not
Obelia geniculata
(
Linnaeus, 1758
)
].
Gonothyraea loveni
.—
Segerstedt, 1889: 13
, 25.—
Lönnberg, 1898: 52
;
1899b: 17
;
1903: 60
.—
Jäderholm, 1909: 64
, pl. 6, fig. 2.—
Östman, 1982a: 156
;
1982b: 228
;
1983: 6
;
1999: 19
.
Type
locality.
UK
: Scotland,
Firth of Forth
,
Cramond Island
(
Allman 1859: 137
)
.
Museum material.
Kosterhavet,
58°52.424’N
,
11°06.178’E
, 35–
11 m
,
06.ix.2010
, biological dredge,
R
/
V
Nereus
, on algae, three colony fragments, up to
9 mm
high, without gonothecae,
ROMIZ
B3885
.
Remarks.
Gonothyraea loveni
(
Allman, 1859
)
and
G. hyalina
Hincks, 1866
have been regarded as distinct by some authors (e.g.
Linko 1911
;
Broch 1918
;
Kramp 1935b
;
Hamond 1957
;
Christiansen 1972
; Östman 1987, 1999) and as conspecific by others (e.g.
Fraser 1944
;
Naumov 1960
;
Calder 1970
;
Cornelius 1982
; Schuchert 2009). The two have been separated on differences in structure of the hydrothecal margin, with hydroids having notched cusps with vertical lines extending down from them being assigned to
G. hyalina
and those with slightly notched or unnotched cusps and no vertical lines to
G. loveni
. Athough likely conspecific, they are listed separately in the Checklist at the end of this work.The trophosome of
Laomedea neglecta
Alder, 1856
is similar, although hydrothecal cusps of this small species are more distinctly bimucronate.
Gonothyraea loveni
is a decidedly eurytopic species. In estuaries of the American east coast, it was active at temperatures from 0–24.5° C (
Calder 1971
) and at salinities between 12–33‰ (Calder 1976). In the Gulf of
Finland
, it was observed at salinities as low as 5‰ by Alexander Antsulevich (
Cornelius 1995b
).
Isozymes and nematocysts have been investigated in Swedish populations of
G. loveni
by
Östman (1982a
, b, 1983, 1987, 1999). Other aspects of its biology are summarized by
Cornelius (1982
,
1995b
).
Gonothyraea loveni
is common in Danish waters (
Kramp 1935b
, as
Laomedea loveni
) and the Oslofjord,
Norway
(
Christiansen 1972
), as well as western
Sweden
(e.g.,
Jäderholm 1909
).
Cornelius (1995b)
noted that the name of this species honours Sven Ludvig Lovén (1809–1895), the Swedish marine zoologist who first described and illustrated its unusual medusoids (
Lovén 1836
: pl. 7, as
Campanularia geniculata
).
Reported distribution.
West coast of
Sweden
.—Kosterhavet to Öresund (
Segerstedt 1889
; this study).
Elsewhere.—From
Svalbard
and the north coast of the
Russian Federation
to the Mediterranean Sea and
Morocco
in the eastern North Atlantic (
Cornelius 1982
), and from Foxe Basin in the Canadian Arctic to South Carolina on North American shores (
Calder 1970
;
1990
).