Systematics and convergent evolution in three Australian genera of Pepsinae spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
Author
Shimizu, Akira
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:EB6A57A9-63D0-4433-802D-981E54132FFD
Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192 - 0397, Japan & Research Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Inc., Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158 - 0098, Japan & The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 - 0033, Japan.
aquilashimizu7@gmail.com
Author
Pitts, James P
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:89B4EC38-0687-4650-9F0E-AF2324459E10
Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 - 5305, USA.
Author
Rodriguez, Juanita
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:D3E77535-16FA-472A-A686-CE84F8537B55
Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia.
Author
Wahis, Raymond
Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium.
Author
Yoshimura, Jin
Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192 - 0397, Japan & The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 - 0033, Japan & Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852 - 8523, Japan & Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA & Marine Biosystems Research Center, Chiba University, Uchiura, Kamogawa, Chiba 299 - 5502, Japan.
text
Austral Entomology
2021
2021-03-17
60
2
301
316
journal article
10.1111/aen.12530
871ea7e5-8005-4c5b-9af9-a247a638aa74
4627871
Maurilloides
Pitts & Shimizu
,
gen. nov.
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:769CC31C-E27E- 41DF-8381-BF1C0FAA1FE5
Type
species:
Maurilloides nigrisoma
Pitts & Shimizu
sp. nov.
(here designated).
Diagnosis
This genus differs from other genera of the Australian ‘Ctenocerini’
sensu
Evans (1972)
by the unique combination of the following female features: clypeus much narrower than lower frons, truncate apically (
Fig. 3a
); labrum fully exserted, sometimes bent backward at right angle to clypeus; lower frons laterally to antennal sockets deeply depressed; vertex moderately convex between eye tops, its upper margin chevron-shaped in frontal view; scape slightly produced apicomedially but not attaining apical margin of pedicel, with medial face flattened, smooth and polished and lateral face slightly concave (
Fig. 3b–d
); gena, in dorsal view, thinner than in
Maurillus
, gently receding posteriorly (
Fig. 3b
); pronotum with anterior face vertical, flattened and polished, forming right angle with dorsum (
Fig. 3e
), anterior margin of pronotal dorsum convex in dorsal view, not tuberculate submedially, barely depressed medially (
Fig. 3b
); and tarsal claws cleft (
Fig. 3f
), the condition being unique tothe Australian ‘Ctenocerini’
sensu
Evans (1972)
.
Description
Female
Head wider than high. Vertex with posterior margin shallowly and broadly emarginate in dorsal view (
Fig. 3c
). Distance from eye tops to vertex crest, in lateral view, less than tenth of eye height (
Fig. 3e
). Frons notverybroad (MID/TFD
<
0.6); upper frons flattened and polished (
Fig. 3a
); lower frons, in middle, sloping downward between antennal sockets. Ocellar triangle very flat (
Fig. 3b
). Posterior ocelli at level of eye tops (
Fig. 3a
). Clypeus slightly depressed sublaterally, convex medially; lateral margin nearly vertical; apicolateral corner broadly rounded. Labrum with apical margin barely convex. Malar space very short. Mandible stout with small tooth removed from apical point on inner margin. Antenna short and slender. Gena not very thick, in profile gently narrowing above and below (
Fig. 3e
). Uppermost portion of occipital suture situated slightly below vertex crest (
Fig. 3c
). Occiput not very large, compared with in
Maurillus
(
Figs
1g
and
3c
).
Pronotal dorsum with anterior margin convex in dorsal view (
Fig. 3b
); shoulder slightly swollen. Mesoscutum flattened, with posterolateral margin not reflexed. Discs of scutellum and metanotum flattened at same level as mesoscutum. Propodeum short and rugose on both dorsum and declivity (
Fig.
3g
); declivity completely flattened for reception of anterior face of T1, longer than dorsum, separated from dorsum by blunt carina.
Fore femur slightly thinner than mid femur. Dorsal apex of fore tibia with short stout decurved spines interiorly and exteriorly. Fore tarsomeres 2–4 combined much shorter than fore tarsomere 1. Mid and hind tibiae with short spines in three rows dorsally and ivory-white spurs. Tarsomere 5 of all legs beneath without spines.
Fore wing crossvein
cu-a
originating distal to point of separation of vein
M + CuA
, very oblique to vein
A
(
Fig. 3h
).
Metasoma not short, slightly broader than mesosoma (
Fig.
3i
). T1 abruptly narrowing anteriorly; anterior face vertical and flat, fitting against propodeal declivity (
Fig. 3j
). Transverse groove on S2 distinctly impressed at about basal third. T6 with several long stiff bristles. S6 slightly compressed laterally without median carina.
Male
Unknown.
Distribution
Australia.
Etymology
The generic name is derived from a morphological similarity to
Maurillus
. The name is considered masculine in gender.