A review of clearwing moths in the tribe Synanthedonini, with descriptions of six new species from Taiwan (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Author Liang, Jia-Yuan Author Hsu, Yu-Feng text Zootaxa 2015 4044 4 535 555 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4044.4.4 7049a2b8-655c-4381-a708-b549d2f1e569 1175-5326 243567 4EF25DAC-946F-4F1B-9FF9-2A10D3B5B8E6 Synanthedon phoenix sp. nov. ( Figs 14, 15 , 23 , 29 ) Holotype . ♂, HSINCHU: Wufeng, Niaozueishan, 1300 m , 29.VIII.2014 , reared from Quercus longinux , emg. 27.IX.2014 , HSUM 14H50M, J.Y. Liang Coll. (NHM). Paratypes . 1 ♂ , same date as holotype , emg. 12.IX.2014 , J.Y. Liang Coll. (Gen. Prep. JYL-020, NTNU ); 1 ♀, HSINCHU: Jianshi, Lidongshan, 1500 m , 29.XI.2011 , reared from Q. longinux , emg. 2.I.2012 , HSUM 11L13M, J.Y. Liang Coll. (Gen. Prep. JYL-021, NTNU ). FIGURES 27−29. Female genitalia of Synanthedonini in Taiwan. Fig. 27. Synanthedon auritincta (NTNU), bar = 1 mm. a: antrum, bar = 0.1 mm. 28. Synanthedon ceraunus sp. nov. paratype (NTNU), bar = 1 mm. a: antrum, bar = 0.1 mm. 29. Synanthedon phoenix sp. nov. paratype (NTNU), bar = 1 mm. a: antrum, bar = 0.1 mm. Description. Male ( Fig. 14 ). Antennae length 6.1−6.2mm (n=2); forewing length 7.7−7.8 mm (n=2); body length 8.6−8.8 mm (n=2). Head: antenna black with blue-violet sheen; frons white; labial palpus black, pale yellow ventrally; vertex black with blue sheen; pericephalic scales white with a few yellow and black scales dorsally. Thorax: black with blue sheen; thorax laterally pale yellow. Legs: fore coxa bluish black with laterally pale yellow; fore tibia black with ventrally pale yellow; fore tarsus ventrally yellow with a few dark gray scales, dorsally black with a some pale yellow spot on each tarsomere basally; hind tibia bluish black with blue sheen, internally and at base of both pairs of spurs yellow; hind tarsus ventrally ash white with some white spot on each tarsomere basally, dorsally black with blue sheen; spurs pale yellow, internally black. Abdomen: black with blue sheen; tergites 2 and 4 each with a narrow yellow stripe distally; anal tuft dorsally black with bronzed sheen, a few white scales distally, ventrally black. Forewing: basally black; costal margin dark brown to black; discal spot and veins within exterior transparent area dark brown to black; apical area orange with admixture of brown scales; discal spot broad, exterior transparent area large divided into five cells, level to M2 about 3X as broad as discal spot and 0.6X as broad as apical area; posterior transparent area reaching distal margin of discal spot; fringe brown. Hindwing: transparent; veins, discal spot and outer margin dark brown to black with bronzed sheen; discal spot small, cuneiform, reaching to vein M2; fringe dark brown, white anally. Female ( Fig. 15 ). Antennae length 6.6 mm ; forewing length 9.0 mm; body length 9.4 mm . Thorax: patagium, tegula and mesothorax black with bronzed-blue sheen; metathorax yellow. Genitalia. Male (Gen. Prep. JYL-020, NTNU, Fig. 23 ). Tegumen-uncus complex relatively broad; scopula androconialis well-developed, long, about as long as tegumen-uncus complex; crista gnathi medialis large, semioval, membranous proximally; crista gnathi lateralis semi-oval; valva elongated trapeziform; ventral crista low and short, covered with bifurcate setae; saccus rounded basally with broadened,about as long as vinculum; phallus relatively broad, about 0.8X as short as valva, subdistally distinctly broadened dorsally, with one strong tooth ventro-distally; vesica with numerous minute cornuti. Female (Gen. Prep. JYL-021, NTNU, Fig. 29 ). Apophysis posterior about as long as apophysis anterior; lamella antevaginalis well-sclerotized; antrum narrow, opening at level of anterior-dorsal margin of 8th tergite, narrow, membranous; ductus bursae narrow, long, membranous; corpus bursae membranous, ovoid, without signum. Diagnosis. Synanthedon phoenix sp. nov. is somewhat similar to S. tenuis (Butler 1878) from Japan , Korea , Far East Russia , and eastern China , but can be distinguished from S. tenuis by metathorax of female yellow instead of black tinged with blue sheen. Superficially, S. phoenix also resembles to Ravitria confusa (Gorbunov & Arita 2000) , but scales of anal tuft are black in S. phoenix , but yellow in R . confusa . Phallus of S. phoenix bears one strong tooth ventro-distally, which is absent in S. tenuis . Male of R. confusa is unknown. Etymology. A creature from Greek mythology, phoenix = phoenix . Biology. The larva bores into the stem or trunks of 1−2 cm in diameter of Quercus longinux (Fagaceae) and feeds on callus tissue around the entrance hole, which is covered with silk, debris, and frass. Distribution. Known only from Taiwan .