Crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) of Oklahoma: identification, distributions, and natural history
Author
Morehouse, Reid L.
Author
Tobler, Michael
text
Zootaxa
2013
3717
2
101
157
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3717.2.1
fad4163f-156b-4f1a-a5e9-c9f48df52e0a
1175-5326
248539
C8CDC011-974C-48B4-9E03-88F570EEDE13
Cambarus tartarus
Hobbs and Cooper, 1972
: Oklahoma Cave Crayfish
General charateristics.
A white (albinistic) crayfish with small, unpigmented eyes, and long slender chelae. Adults rarely exceed
50 mm
in total length. The carapace is lacking cervical spines and is subcylindrical. The rostrum is the broadest at the base and has small marginal spines. The body and pereiopods are covered in conspicuous stiff setae. In form I males, gonopods terminate in two terminal processes, both recurved at angles greater than 90°. The central projection is short, heavy, and does not taper. In females, the annulus ventralis is symmetrical with the caudal portion somewhat movable (Hobbs & Cooper, 1972).
Life coloration.
Off-white to pinkish-white, especially in the abdominal region (
Figure 37
). Newly molted individuals are nearly all white. Smaller individuals appear somewhat translucent.
Similar species.
Cambarus tartarus
closely resembles the only other cave crayfish in Oklahoma, which is
C
.
subterraneus
(see
C
.
subterraneus
section for differences).
Distribution and habitat.
Cambarus tartarus
is a tertiary burrower and is currently known from two caves (January-Stansbury and Long's) in Delaware County, Oklahoma (
Figure 38
). Both of these caves are situated along Spavinaw Creek. These caves are formed in limestone, and the bottom is covered with fine silt.
Life history.
Populations have been monitored periodically by the
United States
Fish and Wildlife to ensure a viable population still exists and form I and II males and females have been documented from both caves (Fenolio
et al.
, 2006).
Syntopic species.
Orconectes neglectus neglectus
has been documented in January-Stansbury cave especially during the winter months. However, it appears that
O
. neglectus neglectus
is restricted to the front part of the cave, where the substrate predominantly consists of gravel, while
C. tartarus
occurs in deeper parts of the cave over silt covered ground.
Conservation status.
AFS: Endangered; Heritage Rank: Critically Imperiled (G1); IUCN: Critically Endangered; ODWC: Tier 1.
Additional resources.
Hobbs
et al.
(2006); Jones & Bergey (2005); Taylor
et al.
(2004).