Laophontodes typicus T. Scott (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontodinae) - discovering a species complex by morphology Author George, Kai Horst text European Journal of Taxonomy 2018 2018-05-29 439 1 43 journal article 30013 10.5852/ejt.2018.439 db6c6c7c-c002-46d7-96ea-4abb7a092d94 1255053 Laophontodes sarsi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D78FE397-C13D-4AEF-96A8-A2AFE61829EE Figs 9–11 Etymology The epitheton ‘sarsi’ is given in respectful memory of Georg Ossian Sars, esteemed Norwegian scientist. who provided valuable contributions to our knowledge of Copepoda Harpacticoida , including the description of numerous species. Type material Two females collected and identified as Laophontodes typicus by G.O. Sars. Due to the limited number of (partially damaged) individuals, specimens were not dissected and, therefore, some appendages could not be observed or described. Holotype NORWAY : adult ♀ , northern Norwegian coast, Skjerstad fjord , G.O. Sars leg., preserved in 75% ethanol ( NHM F20298-1 ). Paratype NORWAY : adult ♀ , same data as for holotype ( NHM F20298-2). Fig. 9. Laophontodes sarsi sp. nov. A–B . Holotype, ♀ (NHM F20298-1). A . Habitus, dorsal view. B . Right furcal ramus, dorsal view. C . Paratype, ♀ (NHM F20298-2), A1, triangular arrowheads marking broken setae. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 50 µm. Description Female HABITUS ( Fig. 9A ). Cylindrical, tapering distally, body length (R to end of FR) 387 µm (female 1) and 350 µm (female 2). Cphth slightly as long as broad, 25% of total body length, posteriorly with bulge on each side. R small, fused to cphth, with 2 sensilla on apical margin. Body somites distinct. Posterior margins of thoracic somites serrated dorsally, with sensilla arising from small socles and 1 tube pore centrally. Genital double somite formed by fusion of last thoracic and first abdominal somites, juncture detectable by dorsal serration and constricted outer margins. Abdominal part of GDS with finely serrated posterior margin and pair of tube pores; second and third abdominal somites dorsally strongly serrated at posterior margins; second somite with, third somite without sensilla-bearing socles and pair of tube pores. Telson slightly smaller than preceding somite, FR widely separated proximally. Anal operculum with pair of sensilla and moderately long spinules at apical margin. FURCAL RAMI ( Fig. 9A–B ). Slender, about 3.7 times longer than its broadest part, proximally with tube pore (tube not discernible in Fig. 9B ), and with 7 setae: I and II arising centrally from outer margin, II slightly longer than I; III subapical on dorsal side; IV and V apical, IV very narrow and less than half the length of V, which is tripinnate; VI apical on inner margin, as long as II; VII dorsal, tri-articulated at base, arising from pedestal, base surrounded by row of spinules. ANTENNULE ( Fig. 9C ). 5-segmented. First segment with 1 bipinnate seta and apical row of spinules; second segment with 9 setae (2 setae broken in Fig. 9C ), one bipinnate; third segment with 7 bare setae and 1 aes; fourth segment partially overlapped by preceding one, with 1 bare seta; fifth segment with 9 bare setae, and 2 additional apical setae and small aes forming trithek. SETAL FORMULA . 1-1/2-9/3-7+aes/4-1/5-11+aes. ANTENNA ( Fig. 10A ). With enp slightly shorter than allobasis, exp represented by minute bare seta. Allobasis with 1 abexopodal seta and scant spinules. Enp with 2 rows of spinules, 2 bare spines and 1 minute seta on distal edge, 3 strong geniculate setae and 2 spines apically, and denticulate frill subapically. MD, MXL AND MX . Not drawn due to unfavourable position. However, unilobate md palp with 6 setae and mx with minute 1-segmented enp carrying 2 setae observed. MAXILLIPED ( Fig. 10B ). With small syncoxa bearing 1 biplumose seta surrounded by small spinules; basis twice as long as syncoxa, with 1 row of spinules; enp (turned around in Fig. 10B ) forming long claw with minute bare seta. SWIMMING LEGS . P1 ( Fig. 10C ) with squarish coxa; basis as long as coxa, with 1 bipinnate outer seta and 1 uniplumose inner seta displaced to anterior surface. Enp 2-segmented, enp-1 elongated, with row of spinules on outer and inner margins; enp-2 small, ⅓ length of enp-1, apically with large claw, 1 long slender bare seta and 1 small seta. Exp 3-segmented, half the length of enp. All exopodal segments with spinules on outer margins; exp-1 with 1 uniplumose outer spine; exp-2 with 1 long bare geniculated outer seta; exp-3 with 4 long bare geniculated setae (innermost broken in Fig. 10C ). P2–P4 ( Fig. 11A– C ) with transversely elongated bases, 3-segmented exopods and 2-segmented endopods. Exp-3 longest, all segments with rows of spinules on outer margin; exp-1 and exp-2 with fine spinules sparsely on inner margin; P2 ( Fig. 11A ) and P3 ( Fig. 11B ) exps without inner seta; P4 ( Fig. 11C ) exp-1 and exp-3 without, exp-2 with 1 bare inner seta; P2–P4 exp-3 with 3 outer bipinnate spines, and apically with 1 bipinnate outer seta and 1 slender bare inner seta. P2–P4 enp-1 small, without setae. P2 enp-2 elongated, with spinules on outer and inner margins, and 2 biplumose apical setae; P3 and P4 enp-2 as in P2 (shorter in P4), but additionally with 1 biplumose inner seta. P5 ( Fig. 10D ) small, benp and exp fused. Benp with outer basal seta arising from setophore. Endopodal lobe represented by 2 setae, one biplumose and one fish-bone. Exp short, with 2 outer, 1 subapical, and 2 apical setae, all bipinnate; no tube pores evident. Fig. 10. Laophontodes sarsi sp. nov. , paratype, ♀ (NHM F20298-2). A . A2. B . Mxp. C . P1, dotted elements according to counterpart. D . P5. E . GF with P6. Scale bar = 50 µm. Fig. 11. Laophontodes sarsi sp. nov. , holotype ♀ (NHM F20298-1). A . P2. B . P3. C . P4. Scale bar = 50 µm. GENITAL FIELD ( Fig. 10E ). Small, with single gonopore; P6 strongly reduced, limbs fused forming a single small clasp, with pair of minute bare setae. Male Unknown.