Taxonomic notes on Cretarophalis patrickMUelleri Wichard, 2017 (Insecta: Neuroptera: Nevrorthidae) from the mid-Cretaceous of Myanmar, and its phylogenetic significance
Author
Lu, Xiumei
Author
Xia, Fangyuan
Author
Wang, Bo
Author
Aspöck, Ulrike
Author
Liu, Xingyue
text
Zootaxa
2018
2018-01-15
4370
5
591
600
journal article
31002
10.11646/zootaxa.4370.5.10
f0c946b1-6fbe-40b9-83ad-3e28a79a6b8a
1175-5326
1147289
43246D80-3F06-4484-97D7-EAA68D39703A
Family
Nevrorthidae
Nakahara, 1915
Diagnosis.
Adults small to medium-sized (forewing length
4.5–12.6 mm
). Head orthognathous, with vertex slightly domed. Ocelli absent. Antenna moniliform, less than half of forewing length. Mouthparts chewingmandibulate, with terminal segments of maxillary and labial palpi slender and acutely pointed. Wings elliptical, setose on veins and wing margins; immaculate or with dark marking pattern; proximal and median nygmata present on forewing in most genera; trichosors present. Forewing without branched recurrent humeral veinlet; costal crossveins all simple or with some forked ones; ScP and RA not fused distally, but connected by a short crossvein; RP with three or four main branches; RA space usually with three ra-rp crossveins; two gradate series of crossveins present on distal half of wing. Hindwing proximally with short, oblique stem of MA; CuA parallel to posterior margin of wing for a long distance. Male genitalia: Tergum 9 and sternum 9 sometimes fused into a ring-like structure; conspicuous external gonocoxites 9 present, equipped with variously modified gonapophyses 9 and gonostyli 9; complex of gonocoxites-gonostyli-gonapophyses 10 sometimes associated with sternum 9; genital sclerites of segment 11 generally incospicuous, consisting of slenderly arched, feebly sclerotized, fused gonocoxites 11 and posteromedially located gonostyli 11. Female genitalia: Fused gonocoxites 8 broadly platelike; gonapophyses 8 fused into a small lobe; tergum 9 more or less produced posteroventrad; gonocoxites 9 flatly valvate, generally directed vertically dorsad, with gonostyli 9 reduced or absent.
Larvae slenderly elongate, bearing sparse setae; stemmata reduced; head and prothorax flattened and connected with each other by a distinct, neck-like cervix, which has further anterior elongations (i.e., Rollengelenk and paramedian anterior articulatory process); a large gula present; jaws nearly straight, with apex slightly curved. For detailed descriptions of the larvae, see
Zwick (1967)
and
Beutel
et al.
(2010)
.