Two new species of Xenos (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), parasites of social wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the New World Author Benda, Daniel Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic & Department of Entomology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic & Corresponding author: e-mail: benda. daniel @ email. cz Author Pohl, Hans Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany Author Beutel, Rolf Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany Author Straka, Jakub Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic text Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 2022 2022-10-08 62 1 185 195 http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2022.014 journal article 10.37520/aemnp.2022.014 1804-6487 7300472 7EF65AA0-A787-4534-8514-2D29999D48F4 Mischocyttarus (male puparium cephalotheca) Fig. 5. Schematic drawing of cephalothorax of all known Xenos species parasitizing wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus Saussure, 1853 . A – X. bicolor Benda & Straka sp. nov. ; B – X. pallens Benda & Straka sp. nov. , C – X. americanus ( Brèthes, 1923 ) . than long, subtriangular, distinctly widening posteriorly, with corners rounded and spiracles not reaching the lateral border. Colouration light reddish-brown. Mouth opening distinctly sclerotized at margin. Mandibles sub-quadrate, with a small sharp tooth at inner corner. Host. Mischocyttarus flavicans (Fabricius, 1804) (as Clypeopolybia duckei Brèthes, 1923 ) (BඋජඍHൾඌ 1923). Phylogenetic relationships. Unknown. Distribution. Bolivia , precise locality not mentioned in original description. Comments. The genus Clypoxenos was described by BඋජඍHൾඌ (1923). He followed Pierce’s concept that each genus of Xenidae is specialized to one host genus of wasps (Pංൾඋർൾ 1908, 1909, 1911). BඈHൺඋඍ (1941) treated Clypoxenos as a presumptive junior synonym of Xenos but remained somewhat ambivalent of this interpretation (CඈඈK 2019). In contrast KංඇඓൾඅൻൺർH (1971) clearly confirmed the synonymy. The phylogenetic placement of xenids parasitizing Mischocyttarus as a subordinate group of Xenos supports previous hypothesis that Clypoxenos is not a valid genus (Bൾඇൽൺ et al. 2021). Key to Xenos species parasitizing wasps of the genus