Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J / K boundary
Author
Allain, Ronan
Author
Vullo, Romain
Author
Rozada, Lee
Author
Anquetin, Jérémy
Author
Bourgeais, Renaud
Author
Goedert, Jean
Author
Lasseron, Maxime
Author
Martin, Jeremy E.
Author
Pérez-García, Adán
Author
Fabrègues, Claire Peyre De
Author
Royo-Torres, Rafael
Author
Augier, Dominique
Author
Bailly, Gilles
text
Geodiversitas
2022
2022-07-21
44
25
683
752
journal article
107849
10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a25
d0184974-bea3-4f97-a2f8-98887ec4f87e
1638-9395
6902033
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EA12DCB7-A5BE-4763-B805-25087EBD726D
Albanerpetontidae
indet.
(
Fig. 9
)
DESCRIPTION
Albanerpetontids are represented in Angeac-Charente by numerous and diverse bones, including dentaries, premaxillae, maxillae, vertebrae and forelimb bones (
Fig. 9
A-K). All the material was recovered from screen washing residues. It is always disarticulated, and almost always fragmentary. Several diagnostic characters allow their assignment to the
Albanerpetontidae
, including: 1) intertonguing symphyseal joint between dentaries, in a mortise-and-tenon style (
Fox & Naylor 1982
;
Milner 1988
;
McGowan & Evans 1995
;
McGowan 1996
,
2002
;
Gardner 1999b
,
2000
;
Gardner
et al.
2003
;
Sweetman & Gardner 2013
;
Matsumoto & Evans 2018
). In the Angeac-Charente specimens, there are two symphyseal prongs (
Fig. 9A, B
); 2) pleurodont, chisel-like and regularly arranged non-pedicellate teeth, labiolingually compressed and bearing three faint, mesiodistally aligned cuspules (
Fig. 9
A-G;
Fox & Naylor 1982
;
Gardner 1999a
, b,
2000
;
McGowan & Evans 1995
;
Sweetman & Gardner 2013
;
Matsumoto & Evans 2018
); and 3) foramina arranged in line on external face of dentary (
Fig. 9F
;
Fox & Naylor 1982
;
Gardner 2000
).
In Angeac-Charente albanerpetontids, the maxilla is unornamented labially, except for scattered external nutritive foramina that are characteristic of the group (
Fig.9D
;
Fox & Naylor 1982
;
Gardner 2000
). In this respect, they differ from
Albanerpeton inexpectatum
from the Miocene of
France
(
Gardner 1999a
). As in other albanerpetontid for which trunk vertebrae have been described (
Estes & Hoffstetter 1976
;
McGowan 1996
,
2002
;
McGowan & Ensom 1997
;
Sweetman & Gardner 2013
;
Matsumoto & Evans 2018
), those from the Angeac-Charente material (
Fig. 9
I-K) are amphicoelous, hourglass-shaped and bear a short unicipital transverse process. The centrum is narrowly constricted at its center (
Fig. 9I, K
) and the cotyles are circular in outline and have thickened rims (
Fig. 9J
). As in other albanerpetontid trunk vertebrae described elsewhere, the notochordal canal is anteroposteriorly continuous (
Fig. 9J
;
Sweetman & Gardner 2013
) and thus the vertebrae are fully notochordal.
Angeac-Charente specimens also show numerous features that have been described in other albanerpetontids and allow the distinction from other lissamphibians and lizards.The premaxilla (
Fig.9D, E
) and maxilla (
Fig.9C
) have a deep
pars dentalis
and the dentary (
Fig. 9A, B, F, G
) has a tall dental parapet, allowing the attachment of highly pleurodont teeth (
Gardner 2000
). Upper jaws are also characterized by a prominent, shelf-like
pars palatinum
lingually (
Fig. 9E
;
Gardner 2000
). The maxilla has a low, posteriorly tapered
pars facialis
(
Fig. 9C
;
Gardner 1999a
,
2000
). On the dentary, the Meckelian canal is closed anteriorly, and the subdental shelf is low, narrow and gutterlike anteriorly (
Fig. 9A
;
Gardner 1999a
, b,
2000
). As in other known albanerpetontid species, the humeral condyle is spherical, fully ossified and larger than the adjacent radial epicondyle (
Fig. 9H
;
Sweetman & Gardner 2013
). Above this humeral ball is a triangular and well-defined cubital fossa, at the proximal extremity of which a small foramen can be seen (
Fig. 9H
), as also reported for
Albanerpeton inexpectatum
(
Estes & Hoffstetter 1976
)
and
Wesserpeton evansae
(
Sweetman & Gardner 2013
)
.
The albanerpetontids from Angeac-Charente differ from
Anoualerpeton
and
Albanerpeton nexuosum
, but resemble other
Albanerpeton
species
,
Celtedens
and
Wesserpeton
in having dentaries and maxillae with relatively straight occlusal margins, and teeth weakly heterodont in size (
Sweetman & Gardner 2013
). Unfortunately, the diagnostic characters necessary for identification at the generic level are lacking. Neither the maxilla nor the dentary is diagnostic for
Albanerpeton
and
Celtedens
(
Gardner 2000
)
, as their diagnoses are based on frontal characters (
Gardner 1999a
, b,
2000
;
McGowan & Evans 1995
;
McGowan 2002
). We did not find any frontal bones in the Angeac-Charente material, and so we cannot attribute the albanerpetontid material to these genera with certainty. Within
Albanerpeton
, the premaxilla is the most taxonomically informative bone for species (
Gardner 1999b
,
2000
), but the specimens found to date at Angeac-Charente are too incomplete to be relevant.
Thus, considering the characters mentioned above, we can attribute the Angeac-Charente specimens to the family
Albanerpetontidae
, but so far the material is too incomplete to allow a further attribution at the generic and specific level.