First report of a parthenogenetic Grylloidea and new genus of Neoaclini (Insecta: Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae: Phalangopsinae) Author Fernandes, Maria Luiza Author Zacaro, Adilson Ariza Author Serrão, José Eduardo text Zootaxa 2015 4032 4 407 416 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4032.4.5 30c3d546-c04f-4f2e-867e-0c46df298eeb 1175-5326 240334 84FFF17C-6737-42F5-8DB3-8F3325368E0A Ubiquepuella telytokous Fernandes , n. sp. ( Figs. 1–21 ) http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:471624 Type locality. Brazil , Minas Gerais state, Viçosa city, Mata da Biologia, 20°45'31.64"S – 42°51'49.57"W . Type material. Holotype (female)—labelled: [ Brazil , Minas Gerais, Viçosa, Mata da Biologia, 02.XI.2013 ( 20° 45' 31.64 "S ,– 42° 51' 49.57" W ), F.M. Jesus, leg . (licença permanente N°. 10387-1)]. Paratypes : 9 femaleslabelled: [ Brazil , Minas Gerais, Viçosa, Mata da Biologia 02.XI.2013 , ( 20° 45' 31.64 "S ,– 42° 51' 49.57" W ), F.M. Jesus, leg (licença permanente N°. 10387-1)], one female—[ Brazil , Minas Gerais, Viçosa, Mata da Biologia, 25.III.2007 , M.R. Pereira & C.F. Sperber leg . Projeto sazonalidade, ponto 1, armadilha 3]. Other material examined . Four females—[ Brazil , Minas Gerais, Alto Caparaó, Parque Nacional do Caparaó, 10.II.2014 , F.M. Jesus, leg . (autorização Sisbio N°. 42040-1)]; Three females—[ Brazil , Espírito Santo, Santa Teresa, Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia ( EBSL ), 20.VII.2013 , T.G. Kloss, leg .]; three females—[ Brazil , Espírito Santo, Santa Teresa, Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia ( EBSL ), 05.VIII.2015 , L. P. Martins & L. G. da Silva, leg .]. Etymology. The specific epithet is an arbitrary combination of letters incorporating the Greek word "telytokos", in reference to the type of parthenogenesis that produces only female offspring. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: (i) forewings not reaching the third abdominal tergite ( Fig. 1 ); (ii) forewings presenting dorsal field light yellow with dark brown spot and lateral field dark brown ( Fig. 2 ); (iii) supraanal plate with straight posterior margin ( Fig. 12 ); (iv) lateral lobes of pronotum dark brown with stripe extending from antero-ventral margin to the central portion of dorsal lobe ( Figs. 6, 7 ). Description. Holotype , female. Measurements (mm): BL 14.56; ID 1.35; LP 2.22; WP 3.09; LF 7.98; LT 6.66; OL 8.17. Head. Triangular shaped in frontal view ( Fig. 8 ); as wide as pronotum ( Figs. 1, 5 ); fastigium wider than long with frontal border slightly rounded, on dorsal view ( Figs. 1, 5 ); transverse groove between vertex and fastigium forming one marked step ( Fig. 6 ); long semi-erected bristles in the central portion of fastigium; occiput and vertex covered with short and fine dark brown bristles; general coloration dark yellow, presenting apex with dark brown spots and two light brown stripes between the eyes and clypeus ( Fig. 8 ); prominent black eyes ( Figs. 5 , 6 ); three ocelli, central ocellus surrounded by dark brown spot, lateral ocelli semi-surrounded by dark brown spot ( Fig. 8 ); antennal scape dark yellow with two dark brown irregular stripes ( Fig. 5 ); antennomeres light brown; gena dark yellow with posterior dark brown spot ( Figs. 6, 7 ); dark brown clypeus on the superior portion and light brown on the median and inferior portions ( Fig. 8 ); labrum whitish with superior central portion dark brown ( Fig. 8 ); mandibles varying from dark yellow to dark brown; maxillary and labial palps light brown with light yellow spots and rounded apex ( Figs. 7, 8 ); last palpomere with whitish apex ( Figs. 7, 8 ); maxillary palps with fourth palpomere greater than first and second, but smaller than third and fifth ( Fig. 7 ). Thorax. Dorsal lobe of pronotum wider than long, covered by fine and short dark brown bristles ( Figs. 1, 5 ); long black bristles mainly on anterior and posterior margins of pronotum; lateral lobes shorter posteriorly with antero-ventral angle of nearly 90 degrees and posteroventral angle greater than 90 degrees ( Fig. 7 ); lateral lobes dark brown with a stripe extending from antero-ventral margin to the central portion of dorsal lobe ( Fig. 6 ); four dark brown spots on dorsal lobe, close to the median line, on the median-posterior portion ( Fig. 5 ); forewings not reaching the third abdominal tergite, without specialized veins ( Figs. 1, 2 ); dorsal field light yellow with dark brown spot and six longitudinal veins; lateral field dark brown, with two longitudinal veins ( Fig. 2 ). Hindwings absent. Prosternum with central portion whitish, anterior and posterior margins light yellow; mesosternum varying from dark brown on the anterior margin to light yellow on the posterior margin; metasternum light brown. Fore and middle legs with similar pattern ( Figs. 1 , 7 ): trochanter and coxa light yellow with light brown spots; femur dark yellow, with some light brown spots and black bristles associated to light glabrous spots; fore tibia with tympanum longer than wide on inner surface and two apical spurs; median tibia with three apical spurs; fore and median tibia dark brown with two light yellow rings and bristles similar to the femur; basitarsus varying from light yellow to light brown, second tarsomere light yellow and third tarsomere dark yellow. Posterior legs with femur dark yellow adorned with light brown stripes on dorsal and outer surfaces, black bristles and light glabrous spots on the dorsal and ventral portions ( Fig. 9 ); posterior tibia ( Figs. 1 , 10 ) dark brown with three light yellow rings, seven dorsal spurs, being four outer and three inner, dorsal surface with two row of spines, three apical inner and outer spurs, the median spurs the largest on both surfaces; basitarsus varying from light yellow to light brown, with two rows of spines on the dorsal surface ( Fig. 11 ), second tarsomere light yellow and third tarsomere dark yellow. Abdomen. lateral portions of tergites dark brown ( Fig. 1 ); tergite I dark yellow with two triangular-shaped spots close to median line; tergite II dark yellow with two diffuse spots on median line; tergites III–IV light yellow with one spot on median line; tergites VII and VIII light yellow; tergites IX and X light brown with two spots on median line. Supraanal plate ( Fig. 12 ) wider than long, light yellow with four light brown spots on center, posterior margin straight. Cercus varying from light yellow to light brown ( Fig. 1 ). Abdominal sternites uniformly light yellow. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 13 ) light yellow with translucent central portion. Laterally flattened ovipositor, apex slightly punctuated, but without crests or teeth, coloration dark yellow with distal portion light brown ( Fig. 15 ). FIGURES 1–5. Ubiquepuella telytokous Fernandes n. sp. 1 and 5: holotype; 2, 3 and 4abc: paratypes; 1—holotype habitus, dorsal view; 2—right forewing, dorsal view; 3—spermatheca; 4—copulatory papilla (4a: ventral view, 4b: dorsal view and 4c lateral view); 5—head and pronotum, dorsal view. FIGURES 6–17. Ubiquepuella telytokous Fernandes n. sp. 6—13: holotype; 14—17: paratype; 6—detail of the head, superolateral view (arrow pointing transverse groove); 7— detail of the head and pronotum, lateral view; 8—detail of head, frontal view; 9—posterior femur; 10—posterior tibia, dorsal view (arrows pointing dorsal spurs); 11—tarsomeres of posterior tibia (arrows pointing rows of spines on basitarsus); 12— supraanal plate; 13—subgenital plate; 14—reproductive system (O: ovaries, S.p.: spermatheca, L.O.: lateral oviduct, Ovi: ovipositor); 15—ovipositor, lateral view; 16 and 17: Scanning electron micrographs of eggs. Reproductive system. Follows general insect pattern, with two ovaries opening to lateral oviducts that connect to a common oviduct, which opens to the spermatheca duct ( Fig. 14 ); membranous spermatheca ( Fig. 3 ); flattened dorsoventral copulatory papilla, presenting sclerotization on the lateral border, sclerotized area longer than wide, with concave inner surface and base wider than the apex ( Fig. 4 a, b, c). Eggs. Clear, yellow and elongated ( Fig. 15 ) with rounded edges, with one being smooth and another sculptured ( Figs. 16, 17 ). The micropylar region was not identified. Average length was 2.05 mm (n = 4). Karyology. 2n = 18 (Fig. 18). Fourth, fifth and ninth chromosome pairs submetacentric; others metacentric. The mechanism of sex determination was not evaluated because males of this species are unknown. The sixth chromosome pair has pronounced heteromorphism and is associated with the nucleolus organizing regions (Figs. 19, 20). FIGURES 18–20. Ubiquepuella telytokous Fernandes n. sp. 18—mitotic chromosomes 2n = 18; 19— marked metaphase with AgNO3 (arrow); 20—corresponding marked metaphase with AgNO3 (arrow). Measurements (mm). Females (n=11, including the holotype ). BL: 14.54–16.89 (15.44 ± 0.82); ID: 1.16–1.59 (1.39 ± 0.13); LP: 1.97–2.31 (2.15 ± 0.13); WP: 2.93–3.28 (3.11 ± 0.12); LF: 7.46–9.64 (8.58 ± 0.75); LT: 6.25– 7.84 (7.23 ± 0.65); OL: 6.96–9.71 (8.52 ± 0.86). Ratios: WP/LP: 1.35–1.66 (1.45 ± 0.09) and BL/OL: 1.69–2.13 (1.82 ± 0.14). Occurrence. Cities of Viçosa and Alto Caparaó, both in Minas Gerais state; City of Santa Teresa in Espírito Santo state ( Fig. 21 ).