The two southernmost species of the Andean genus Acrographinotus Holmgren (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) described from Bolivia and Argentina Author Acosta, Luis E. text Zootaxa 2024 2024-07-19 5481 5 547 562 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5481.5.4 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5481.5.4 1175-5326 12783058 B8DC6181-5F90-4071-AE4A-B121F5BF7C90 Identification key for males of Acrographinotus * * Acrographinotus opacus not included (male unknown) 1. DS set with large, pustular tubercles that fill areas I–IV, in marked contrast with the whitish background in those areas. Coxa IV with a large, sigmoid apophysis, diagonally oriented; trochanter IV articulates fairly straight. FeIV and TiIV heavily armed, in the former the armature includes a large retrolateral apophysis on the middle ( cf. Roewer 1929 : fig. 28)........ A. ornatus - DS of uniform color, areas I–IV completely smooth or with scattered granules to small round tubercles. Coxa IV with a short prolateral apophysis, often truncate and quite transverse, if diagonal it is not sigmoid; trochanter IV articulates obliquely outwards (less accentuated in A. mitmaj ). FeIV without a large retrolateral apophysis on the middle; armature of TiIV moderate..... 2 2. VAP unarmed. Leg IV covered with acute tubercles or apophyses, what gives this appendage a spiny look ( cf. Roewer 1929 : fig. 27; Acosta 2002a ).................................................................................. 3 - VAP armed (a pair of horn-like apophyses and/or a shelf-like projection; Figs. 3B, D ; 5B ). Leg IV never spiny, it is covered with rows of rounded tubercles or truncate apophyses (see e.g., Figs. 3A–C , 5A–C )..................................... 5 3. Prolateral apophysis of coxa IV diagonal, it emerges close to the articulation with trochanter, so it hides its prolateral corner if seen from above. Femur IV covered with uniformly-sized acute grains and a single retro-subapical apophysis—no subapical hiatus exists. FT-III with a modest apophysis; armature on trochanter IV little developed. Penis: VPS with a membranous ‘crest’ ( cf. Acosta 2002a : figs. 1–12)..................................................................... A. mitmaj - Prolateral apophysis of coxa IV transverse, truncate, or slightly diagonal, very short, it emerges separated from the articulation with trochanter, leaving a gap and the prolateral corner uncovered ( cf. Roewer 1929 : fig. 27). FeIV with large distal apophyses that leave a subapical hiatus ( cf. Roewer 1957 : Pl. 3, fig. 10). Single apophysis of FT-III robust; strong armature on trochanter IV. Penis: VPS without ‘crest’............................................................................ 4 4. Apophysis on the ocular mound high, it is always a single one. FeIV with moderate subapical hiatus, the large apical apophysis is conic, similar to the adjacent ones; strong proventral subapical apophysis, with foliaceous and truncate look ( cf. Roewer 1929 : fig. 27).............................................................................. A. curvispina - Apophysis on the ocular mound low or absent, its place may be taken by a notch that gives the ocular mound a paired appearance. FeIV with wide subapical hiatus, apical apophysis hooked and larger than the rest; no proventral subapical apophysis ( cf. Roewer 1957 : Pl. 3, figs. 9–10)..................................................................... A. ortizi 5. VAP armature: a pair of independent, horn-like acute apophyses ( cf. Acosta 2001 : figs. 2, 3). DS with scattered granules, they may be almost small round tubercles toward the median line................................................... 6 - VAP armature: a platform-like projection (‘shelf’) extends beneath the anus, normally flanked by the apophyses ( cf. Acosta 2001 : fig. 25; this paper: Fig. 3B ), these are rarely lacking ( Fig. 5B ). DS sparsely covered with tiny granules to almost smooth... 7 6. Apophyses of VAP strong and diverging, pointing sideways. Apophysis on FT-III very large, it expands the tergite itself into a conical shape and has a row of short apophyses each side. FeIV arched in lateral view. Retroapical apophysis of trochanter IV rudimentary. Ocular mound acute ( cf. Soares & Bauab 1972 : figs. 10–15).............................. A. ceratopygus - Apophyses of VAP subparallel, directed backwards. Apophysis on FT-III large but not expanding the tergite itself, it has a row of round granules (not apophyses) each side. FeIV straight in lateral view. Retroapical apophysis of trochanter IV large. Ocular mound blunt ( cf. Acosta 2001 : figs. 1–10)....................................................... A. erectispina 7. Robust. FeIV thick, with a retrodorsal row of large truncate tubercles and a dorsal row of blunt apophyses; TiIV thick and heavily armed with retroventral row of apophyses. Trochanter IV with bilobated (anvil-shaped) prodorsal apophysis, and an acute, large retroapical one ( cf. Acosta 2001 : figs. 23–32)............................................. A. niawpaq - Slender. FeIV and TiIV slim; FeIV with similar dorsal and retrodorsal rows, but with tubercles or apophyses much smaller. Prodorsal and retroapical apophyses of trochanter IV less developed............................................. 8 8. Medium-sized (DS length 5.9–7.2 mm ; mean 6.4; Fig. 2 ), long-legged and with fairly robust habitus. FeIV substraight and long (FeIV/DS RatiO in α males: 0.94–1.15; Fig. 2 ), with a defined subapical naRROwing ( Figs. 3A–C ). ApOphYsis On FT-III sigmOid in lateRal view ( Fig. 3D ), RaRelY hORizOntal OR cuRved ( Figs. 3H, J ). ApOphYses On VAP laRge, in α-males theY fuse tO bOth sides of the shelf-like process, most frequently exceeding it in size ( Figs. 3B, D ). Penis: curvature of beak-like process of VPS marked ( Fig. 4C )............................................................................. A. tariquiae sp. nov. - Small-sized (DS length 5.7–6.2 mm ; Fig. 2 ), with shorter legs and habitus comparatively weaker. FeIV slightly arched ( Figs. 5A–B ), shorter than DS (FeIV/DS ratio: 0.84–0.89; Fig. 2 ), with no discernible subapical narrowing. Apophysis on FT-III curved or horizontal in lateral view, not clearly sigmoid ( Fig. 5D ). VAP with a small shelf-like projection, apophyses not recognizable except for a pair of small subapical tubercles ( Figs. 5B, D ). Penis: curvature of beak-like process of VPS mild ( Fig. 6C )................................................................................. A. calilegua sp. nov.