† Camelosphecia gen. nov., lost ant-wasp intermediates from the mid-Cretaceous (Hymenoptera, Formicoidea)
Author
Boudinot, Brendon E.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4588-0430
Department of Entomology & Nematology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA & Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena, Institut fuer Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, 1 Erberstrasse, 07743 Jena, Thueringen, Germany
boudinotb@gmail.com
Author
Perrichot, Vincent
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7973-0430
Univ. Rennes, CNRS, Geosciences - UMR 6118, F- 35000, Rennes, France
Author
Chaul, Julio C. M.
Pos-Graduacao em Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal do Vicosa, 36570 - 900, Vicosa, MG, Brazil
text
ZooKeys
2020
2020-12-18
1005
21
55
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1005.57629
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1005.57629
1313-2970-1005-21
B99544631D5746C3AB90751157C9D0B5
610C6AAD64DF5166BE70E5751EC47FD6
Formicoidea Latreille, 1809
Definition.
Detailed study of the †
Camelomecia
clade has redefined the
Formicoidea
and refined our understanding of the definition and evolutionary patterning of the total and crown
Formicidae
(
Boudinot et al. 2020a
). Formicoids, we now know, are a clade of Formicapoidina (sister to
Apoidea
:
Johnson et al. 2013
;
Branstetter et al. 2017
;
Peters et al. 2017
) defined by positive (i.e., non-
"absence"
character) morphological synapomorphies most of which form an innovation suite for cursorial or surface-based predation, including:
(1)
prognathy and elongation of the postgenal bridge (Figs
13A
,
14B
);
(2)
enlargement of the dorsal (cranial) mandibular condyle (Fig.
13A
);
(3)
rotation of the antennal toruli laterad in females (Fig.
13A, B
);
(4)
elongation of the procoxae (Figs
14A
,
15A
);
(5)
partial to complete enclosure of the proximal protrochanteral articulations within the distal procoxal foramina (Figs
14E
,
15A
,
16E
);
(6)
internalization of the proximal meso- and metacoxal articulations within the mesosoma (Figs
14B
,
15A
,
16
);
(7)
petiolation of the first metasomal segment (Figs
14A
,
15A
,
16A, D, E
);
(8)
gain of the anteroventral process of the petiolar sternum (Fig.
16A
);
(9)
buttressing of the metasomal waist through gain of the prora (an anteroventral process of the second metasomal sternum) (Figs
15A
,
16A, D
); plus
(10)
an angled juncture between the first free abscissae of Rs and M in the fore wing (Figs
15A
,
16A, D
). The †
Camelomecia
clade, in contrast to the total clade of the
Formicidae
, probably lack the metapleural gland and apterous workers altogether, while also being defined by a combination of derived and plesiomorphic features (see, e.g., the key below). Based on direct examination of the unique specimen (holotype) of †
Camelomecia janovitzi
(BEB at the AMNH, 2017), presence of this gland is uncertain and requires further scrutiny.