One new species of Micronephthys Friedrich, 1939 and one new species of Nephtys Cuvier, 1817 (Polychaeta: Phyllodocida: Nephtyidae) from eastern Australia with notes on Aglaophamus australiensis (Fauchald, 1965) and a key to all Australian species Author Dixon-Bridges, Kylie Author Gladstone, William Author Hutchings, Pat text Zootaxa 2014 3872 5 513 540 journal article 42409 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.5.5 f8797de0-a812-4762-a9c6-9217fb6f6ce7 1175-5326 230023 64FAFA27-5CBA-4649-A826-443E0614F317 Aglaophamus Kinberg, 1866 (sensu Hartman, 1950 ) Aglaophamus .— Fauchald, 1977 : 97 .— Rainer and Kaly, 1988 : 686 .— Ravara et al ., 2010a : 402 .— Ravara et al ., 2010b : 7 . Type species . Aglaophamus lyratus Kinberg 1866 , by monotypy. Diagnosis . Branchiae involute or recurved. Lyrate chaetae present or absent. Barred chaetae present. Acicular lobes acutely pointed, aciculae curved at tip. Antennae and palps present. Pharynx with variable number of subterminal papillae in 14–22 longitudinal rows, proximal region of pharynx smooth. TABLE 3 . All accepted world species of the genus Micronephthys (following Ravara et al. 2010b) Species Type locality Data source Body length, body Body pigment- Prostomium with nos of Pharynx, nos of prs width (max) in mm, ation, eyespots & prs of antennae terminal bifid papillae nos of chaetigers of position type material
M. abranchiata (Ehlers, 1913) Antarctic Seas, 385 m based on original description & Hartman 1964 6, n/a, 28 colourless, absent almost rectangular. 1 pr on anterior margins, thin, ½ length of prostomium, 1 pr larger palps 10 (original description sais simple conical papillae)
M. ambrizettana (Augener, 1918) Ambrizette, Angola, West Africa based on original description, & Day, 1967 6.5, n/a, 42 colourless, 1 pr large brown eyespots behind prostomium pentagonal broad as long, 1 pr slender antennae, 1 pr of palps both inserted anteriorly n/a
M. derupeli n. sp. Port Stephens, NSW, Australia, 1.6 – 3.6 m based on description in this paper 18, 2, 48 colourless, eyespots absent square and slightly convex anteriorly, pr of antennae & palps inserted anteriorly 9
M. hartmannschroe- derae Jirkov & Dnestrovskaya in Jirkov, 2001 Kieler Bucht, Atlantic based on original description, & Dnestrovskaya & Jirkov 2010 3, n/a, 33 colourless, eyespots absent broader anteriorly than posteriorly, 1 pr of antennae & palps near anterolateral corners, conical; posterior margin 10
M. maryae ( San Martin, 1982) accepted as M. stammeri Sas Caló des Moro, Ibiza, Spain, 4 m based on original description, & Ravara et al. 2010b, Rainer & Kaly, 1988 7, 0.4, 51 colourless, 2 prs of eyespots on chaetiger 3, almost fused together quadrangular, longer than wide and fused dorsally with chaetiger 1, 1pr of thick smooth antenna on anterior margin, 1 pr of basal palps 10
M. minuta ( Théel, 1879) Arctic Ocean 72°53'N, 52°53'E, 7-17 m based on original description, & Dnestrovskaya & Jirkov 2010, Ravara et al. 2010b 14, n/a, 34 colourless, eyespots not seen subsquare, 1 pr of antennae & palps arising from antero-lateral margins, swollen bases, similar in size, antennae with cirriform tip, palps with small basal papilla 9
M. neotena (Noyes, 1980) Maine, USA based on original description, & Ohwada, 1985; Dnestrovskaya & Jirkov 2010, 11, n/a, 33 live – white to pink, 1pr dark red on chaetiger 3 almost rectangular, 1 pr of antennae & palps constricted at base inserted close together on anterior margins 9, radially flattened
......continued on the next page Species Type locality Data source Body length, body width Body pigment- Prostomium with nos Pharynx, nos of (max) in mm, nos of ation, eyespots & of prs of antennae prs terminal bifid chaetigers of type position papillae material TABLE 3. (Continued)
M. oculifera Mackie, 2000 Hong Kong, harbour 5 m based on original description 19, 1.35, 59 (2 fragments - posterior two chaetigers possibly regenerated) yellowish white, 2 prs of large reddish brown eyes, almost fused, inserted on prostomium subtrapezoidal, 1 pr smooth antennae on anterior margin, 1 pr palps arise ventro- laterally to.antennae, 10
M. sphaerocirrata ( Wesenberg-Lund, 1949) Off Kharg, Persian Gulf, 13 m based on original description & Ravara et al. 2010b 19,1,75 light salmon, 1 pr of eyespots inserted at level of chaetiger 3 subpentagonal, anterior margin straight, posterior V shaped extending over1st chaetiger, 1 pr of long terminal antennae, 1 pr of long basally inserted palps 10
M. sphaerocirrata orientalis Lee & Jae, 1983 Korea, Yellow Sea, 20 m based on original description & Imajima & Takeda, 1985 15, 0.7, 54 colourless, 1 pr of eyespots on chaetiger 3 broad & depressed; 1 pr of antennae on anterior margin, 1 pr palps inserted basally. 11
M. stammeri ( Augener, 1932) Istra, off Rovinj, Geviet region), Croatia, 18 m based on original description, & Ravara et al. 2010b., although type specimen lost, Banse (1959) 6, n/a, 49 (based on Ravara et al 2010b) fixed colourless; chaetae and acicula amber, two pairs of large coalescent eyes visible at level of chaetiger 3 subpentagonal, anterior margin slightly convex;. antennae & palps subequal in length, cirriform with swollen tips absent (at least according to Ravara et al. 2010b)
a indicates data not provided Species Pharyngeal 1st chaetiger Notopodia of well developed Neuropodia of well Types of chaetae TABLE 3. (Continued) subterminal chaetigers; presence or developed chaetigers; papillae, nos of rows, absence of branchiae abranchiata (Ehlers, 20 rows each with 4-5 1st chaetiger not described lobes rounded, poorly lobes rounded poorly barred and serrated ) papillae per row; cone developed decrease in size developed decrease in capillaries present, no shaped, reducing in posteriorly, dorsal cirrus size posteriorly, ventral further details given size towards base of present; branchiae absent cirrus present pharynx ambrizettana n/a ventral cirrus longer than noto poorly developed lobes, neuro poorly developed anterior chaetigers with Augener, 1918 ) chaetigerous lobe; dorsal cirrus dorsal cirri absent; branchiae lobes, ventral cirri present barred chaetae, middle & similar, absent posterior chaetigers with long chaetae 3x 3 body width, broad bladed with serrated margins derupeli n. sp. 22 each row with 7 parapodia projecting anteriorly, noto with conical acicular & neuro with conical barred chaetae present in papillae, median lying adjacent to prostomium postacicular lobes; branchiae acicular & postacicular preacicular fascicles of papilla & verrucae from chaetigers 8-22, straight lobes, small conical chaetigers 1-9, broad- absent ventral cirrus bladed serrated capillaries hartmannschroe- 20 each row with 2 to noto with low conical acicular parapodial lobes well 4 types : barred, serrated, Jirkov & 5-6 papillae, median lobe, neuro 2x as long as noto, separated from each other; spinose & smooth Dnestrovskaya in dorsal & ventral acute, conical ventral & notopodial cirri capillaries Jirkov, 2001 papilla absent starting from chaetiger 2, similar in size along body; branchiae occupying 1/4 of interramal space; present from chaetiger 5 or 6 to chaetiger 19 maryae ( San Martin, 20-22 each row with 8 same size as subsequent ones, noto- poorly developed, with neuro poorly developed, 5 types : barred, capillary,) accepted as M. long papillae; below directed anteriorly; noto- conical acicular lobes, other with conical acicular dentate, spinulose & stammeri verrucae present for acicular lobes conical others lobes poorly developed; lobes, other lobes poorly unequal lyrate 2/3 length; proximal poorly developed; neuro pre & branchiae absent developed, ventral cirrus region smooth postacicular lobes encircling subspherical acicular lobes; dorsal cirrus small, ventral cirriform with swollen tips minuta ( Théel, 18-20 each row with anteriorly directed, noto & noto- with conical acicular neuro with conical 3 types , barred restricted ) 4-6 papillae, single neuro acicular conical lobes, lobes, pre & post acicular acicular lobes, pre & post to 1st 20 chaetigers in mid-dorsal papilla, other lobes poorly developed, lobes poorly developed, acicular lobes poorly preacicular fascicle, finely proximal region dorsal cirrus v. small , ventral dorsal cirrus small; branchiae developed, ventral cirrus spinulated in postacicular smooth well developed cirriform straight, ciliated occupying small. fascicle, capillaries 1/3 of interramal space; from present in 1st chaetiger chaetiger 6-8 to 10-14 and preacicular fascicle ……continued on the next page longitudinal bands ventral, with swollen tips inflated bases; branchiae ventral cirrus with chaetae all finely absent but walls of interramal inflated bases spinose capillaries, region with 6 tufts of cilia lyrate with unequal forks from chaetiger 3 or 4
TABLE 3. (Continued) Species Pharyngeal subterminal papillae, nos of rows, 1st chaetiger Notopodia of well developed chaetigers; presence or absence of branchiae Neuropodia of well developed chaetigers; Types of chaetae
M. neotena (Noyes, 20 each row with 1-2 or 6 1980) papillae, mid-dorsal long papilla present, verrucae absent directed forward at 45˚, reduced compared to following branchiae present on chaetigers 5-9, straight, more on larger individuals 3types,smooth capillaries, serrated & barred only in preacicular
M. oculifera Mackie , 22 each row with 6-10 2000 papillae, mid- dorsal papilla absent; proximal base with verrucae arranged in same size as subsequent ones, neuro & noto with cylindrical lobes, those of noto smaller; dorsal cirrus smaller than noto with pointed acicular lobes, preacicular lobes less developed than post; dorsal cirrus larger than ventral, with neuro with pointed acicular lobes, preacicular lobes less developed than post; preacicular chaetae all straight barred, except for 1sr neuro, postacicular
. sphaerocirrata 22 each row with 7-10 papillae directed forwards to lie parallel noto with acicular lobes neuro with acicular 4 kinds, barred in Wesenberg-Lund, per row, mid-dorsal & ventral to prostomium; noto with conical, all pre & post lobes conical, all pre & preacicular, post 1949) papilla absent, proximal base conical acicular lobe, pre & acicular lobes poorly post acicular lobes acicular with finely covered in verrucae, post acicular lobes rudimentary; developed, dorsal cirri with poorly developed., spinulated & neuro pre & post acicular lobes spherical base & pointed tip, ventral cirrus initially lyriform with encircling acicular branchiae absent subspherical becoming unequal branches, elongated posteriorly capillaries in 1st chaetiger neuro, all chaetae long . sphaerocirrata 22 each row with 12-15 directed forwards to lie parallel noto with conical acicular neuro with conical 3 types , most in orientalis Lee & Jae, (mainly 14-15) papillae to prostomium, dorsal cirri lobes, preacicular lobe acicular lobes, postacicular 1983 median dorsal papilla & absent, ventral cirrus same rounded, postacicular lobe preacicular lobe fascicles with v. verrucae absent shape as palps, all lobes poorly low & rounded; dorsal cirrus rounded, postacicular long serrated developed almost spherical; branchiae lobe low & rounded; capillaries, barred in absent ventral cirrus almost preacicular, lyrate spherical chaetae with equal forks . stammeri ( Augener, 20-22 rows each with 8 long parapodia similar in size to noto with conical acicular neuro with conical 5 types : barred, 1932) and conical subterminal subsequent chaetigers, lobe, pre & post chaetal acicular lobe, pre & smooth capillaries, papillae subterminal papillae anteriorly directed, parallel to poorly developed rounded, post chaetal poorly serrated, spinose are followed by several minute prostomium. dorsal cirri small dorsal cirrus subsphaerical; developed rounded, capillaries & papillae, extending over 2/3 & spherical; ventral cirri branchiae absent ventral cirrus unequal lyrate length of pharynx; proximal cirriform with swollen tips subsphaerical region smooth TABLE 4. All Australian and Indo-pacific species of the genus Nephtys .
Species Type locality Data source Body length, body width (max) in mm, no. of chaetigers, holotype/neotype Body pigmentation Eyespots Prostomium shape; no. of prs of antennae & palps** Pharynx, arrangement, no. of prs bifid terminal papillae
N.brachycephala Moore, 1903 Sagami Bay, Japan, 320–347 m based on original description, 64, 4, 60 & Imajima & Hartman 1964 (incomplete) illustrations; n/a absent 2x as wide as long, 2 prs antennae n/a
N. bruuni Kirkegaard, 1995 W. of New Zealand in 610 m based on original description 11, 3, 24 (incomplete) n/a n/a trapezoidal, 1 pr antennae & palps n/a
N. chemulpoensis Jung & Hong, 1997 Eastern Yellow Sea, Korea, intertidal based on original description 43, 2.4, 71 n/a absent rounded with convex anterior margin, 1 pr antennae & palps 10
N. danida Nateewathana & Hylleberg, 1986 Bang Tao Bay, Phuket Is, Thailand, 10 m based on original description 9.5, n/a, 47 colourless present, although may not be visible except by dissection rounded, quadrangular; 1 pr antennae & palps 10
N. gravieri Augener, 1913 Freemantle, West Australia based on Rainer & Hutchings, 49, 2.2, 87 (based 1977, largely on type of N. on N. mirocirrus mirocirrus Fauchald synon by Fauchald) Rainer & Hutchings, 1977 with N. gravieri cream, becoming brown posteriorly, absent flattened, quadrate, slightly concave anteriorly with 1 pr short tapering antennae & 1 pr palps dorsal margins 10
N. inornata Rainer & Hutchings, 1977 Port Hacking, NSW Australia, 4-6 m based on original description 1, 0.93, 51 colourless, 1 pr inserted on posterior chaetiger 2, brown flattened, rounded & as long as wide, 1 pr short antennae & palps 9
N. longipes Stimpson, 1856 Bateman's Bay, NSW, Australia, intertidal based on redescription from 82, 3, 143 Rainer & Hutchings 1977, Paxton, 1974 ( N. vikingensis ) anteriorly with dorsal brown pigmentation, absent by 10th chaetiger absent oval, with triangular translucent preantennal lobe, 1 pr of antennae & palps 10
. mesobranchia Calliope River based on original description 23, 2.2, 49 colourless present on almost square, slightly 10 Rainer & Hutchings, Gladstone Qld anterior margin convex anteriorly, 1 pr of 1977 Australia , estuarine of chaetiger 3, antennae & palps black . neopolybranchia Usurjiri Bay , based on original description, 20, 1, 61 dark pigmented 1 pr on 3rd rectangular, slightly 10 Imajima & Takeda, Hokkaido, Japan , 22 Jung & Hong, 1997 diamond in median chaetiger convex anterior, elongate, 1987 m part of prostomium 1pr of antennae & palps … …continued on the next page TABLE 4 . (Continued) Species Pharynx,arrangement, Pharyngeal subterminal 1st chaetiger Noto-& neuropodia of well Branchiae Chaetae no. of prs bifid terminal papillae, no. of rows, developed chaetigers papillae ornamentation for discussion re palps and antennae see Discussion of this paper
N. mesobranchia Rainer & Hutchings, 1977 10 18, each row with 10-12 papillae, median subterminal papilla present, verrucae absent reduced dorsally, almost obscured by 2nd chaetiger, both forwardly directed acicular lobes & pre- & postacicular lobes in both rami, dorsal & ventral cirri present. from 7th to 24th 3 types: barred, spinulose & capillaries
N. neopolybranchia Imajima & Takeda, 1987 10 22, each row with 5-7 papillae, mid-dorsal papilla absent, verrucae present biramous, small, directed anteriorly noto- & neuro with rounded acicular lobes, noto preacicular conical, postacicular lobe rounded, neuro with rounded preacicular & post acicular from 3rd to posterior preacicular chaetae chaetigers barred, postacicular chaetae spinulose
N. oligobranchia Southern, 1921 11 22, each row with 6-9 papillae, slender mid- dorsal papilla, verrucae absent biramous, directed forward. dorsal & ventral cirri poorly developed acicular lobes conical longer than pre & postacicular rounded lobes, dorsal cirrus conical ventral cirrus digitate from 5th / 8th to 20th to barred restricted to 27th, decrease in size anterior 13th -15th posteriorly, foliate chaetigers, (preacicular) & spinulose in postacicular
Nephtys paradoxa Malm, 1874 ** 10 22, each row with (3) 4-6 papillae, mid dorsal papilla & verrucae present parapodia equal in size to subsequent parapodia, directed anteriorly, parallel to prostomium. pre & postacicular lobes poorly developed, surrounding acicular lobes, dorsal cirri small, lamelliform & concave dorsally, ventral cirri conical, small from 9th fully barred preacicular & developed by 25th -27th spinose in postacicular continue to 60-65th position & capillary restricted to 1st chaetiger
Nephtys phasuki Nateewathana & Hylleberg, 1986 n/a present but not counted, verrucae absent. anteriorly directed adjacent to prostomium; noto with long, conical acicular lobe, neuro acicular lobe much shorter noto with conical acicular lobe, preacicular low, postacicular rounded, neuro with slender conical acicular lobe, inflated preacicular & conical postacicular lobe; noto cirrus conical & ventral short & oblong from 5th. to?. barred & broad bladed capillaries, barred restricted to anterior chaetigers, absent from 17th, capillaries throughout plus geniculate chaetae
N. polybranchia Southern, 1921 N. semiverrucosa Rainer & Hutchings, 1977 11 10 22, each row with 6-7 papillae,, median dorsal papilla & verrucae absent 22, each row with 4-7 papillae, median dorsal subterminal papilla absent, verrucae present restricted to basal region of pharynx 1st parapodia directly obliquely, acicular lobes conical with small ventral & dorsal cirri displaced forwards but not adjacent to prostomium, with small acicular lobe & postacicular lamella noto & neuro acicular lobes conical, preacicular lobes rounded, postacicular longer than acicular lobes, widely separated noto with small acicular & preacicular lobes, postacicular divided into 2 unequal lobes, neuro with unequally divided preacicular lobe, acicular lobe, postacicular lobe & ventral cirrus large lamellate from 5th to near barred restricted to posterior end, digitate chaetigers 1-16, broad-& flattened (some bladed capillaries, variation within neuro all fine literature) capillaries from 4th almost to 4 types: narrow- pygidium winged, smooth-tipped capillaries, barred (absent from 28th), plus spinose & spinulose … …continued on the next page
TABLE 4. (Continued) Species Type locality Data source Body length, body width (max) in mm, no. of chaetigers, holotype/neotype Body pigment-ation Eyespots Prostomium shape; no. of prs of antennae & palps** Pharynx, arrangement, no. of prs bifid terminal papillae
N. oligobranchia Chilka Lake , India, Southern, 1921 brackish waters, intertidal to 5 m based on original description, & Imajima & Takeda, 1987 (& refs therein) 17, n/a,51 colourless 1 pr on 2nd chaetiger rounded, pentagonal, 1 pr of antennae & palps 11
Nephtys paradoxa Koster, Bohuslän, Malm, 1874 ** Sweden, 50-860 m based on Fauchald, 1963 & Ravara et al. 2010b 179, n/a, 91 brown with darker brown pigment on prostomium & anterior segments absent pentagonal, anterior margin slightly concave, 1 pr antennae & palps 10
Nephtys phasuki Patong Bay , Phuket Nateewathana & Is, Thailand, 20 m Hylleberg, 1986 based on original description 8.5, n/a, 30 (anterior fragment) n/a absent slightly longer than wide, slightly notched at front margin. 1 pr of antennae & palps n/a
N. polybranchia Chilka Lake , India, Southern, 1921 brackish waters N. semiverrucosa Fannie Bay, Rainer & Hutchings, Darwin , NT 1977 Australia, intertidal based on original description, & Imajima & Takeda, 1987 (refs therein) based on original description 22, n/a, 52 18, 0.8, 63 colourless colourless 1 pr base of prostomium absent rectangular, 1 pr of antennae & palps pentagonal, slightly extended anteriorly, 1 pr of antennae & palps 11 10
N. serrata Imajima & Nemuro Peninsula, Takeda, 1987 Japan, 3 m based on original description 325, 11.5, 190 n/a Absent trapezoidal, tapers posteriorly, 1 pr of antennae & palps 11
N. sukumoensis Sukumo Bay , Kochi Kitamori, 1960 Prefecture, Japan from stomach of fish based on original description, & Imajima & Hartman 1964 14, 1, 52 n/a present, 2 prs suboval, straight frontal margin, 1 pr antennae & palps n/a
Nephtys triangula n. Arrawarra Beach, sp. NSW, Australia, intertidal based on the description in this paper 80, 5, 148 colourless, except for brown pigment on anterior extension of prostomium absent pentagonal with anterior triangular extension, 1 pair of antennae at distal margin, 1 pair of basal palps 12
Nephtys paradoxa was originally described from Sweden but has been described from Australia and many other locations in the world, and certainly needs to be re-examined as almost certainly represents a suite of species see Ravara et al. 2010b . TABLE 4. (Continued)
Species Pharynx,arrangement, no. of prs bifid terminal papillae Pharyngeal subterminal papillae, no. of rows, ornamentation 1st chaetiger Noto-& neuropodia of well developed chaetigers Branchiae Chaetae
N.brachycephala Moore, 1903 n/a 22, no other details available n/a noto- & neuro widely separated; distally truncate; noto lack postacicular lamellae from 5th to at least original description chaetiger 35; base of indicates all damaged notopodial cirrus continuous with external base of branchiae
N. bruuni Kirkegaard, 1995 n/a n/a dorsal cirri absent, conical ventral cirri noto- conical, reduced preacicular & large oval postacicular lobes, neuro- conical with large pre & post acicular lobes, dorsal cirrus absent, ventral digitate 7th. to chaetiger?, short barred preacicular & long capillary postacicular chaetae, faintly dentate
N. chemulpoensis Jung & Hong, 1997 N. danida Nateewathana & Hylleberg, 1986 10 10 22, each with 1-4 papillae, mid-dorsal papillae present, verrucae absent 18 (16?), each with 6-8 per row, median dorsal papillae & verrucae absent noto-& neuro with rounded acicular lobes; dorsal & ventral cirri well developed, digitiform parapodia reduced, directed forward dorsal cirrus rounded, ventral cirrus digitiform noto- with conical acicular & postacicular lobes increasing in size posteriorly, neuro with conical acicular, & digitiform pre acicular, & large post acicular lobes. 9th.to chaetiger? preacicular fascicle with barred, postacicular fascicle with spinulose margins from 5th to last barred present to chaetiger chaetiger 13, broad- bladed capillaries
N. gravieri Augener, 1913 10 22, each with 6-10 conical papillae per row, median papilla absent, verrucae numerous parapodium reduced, directed anteriorly, adjacent to prostomium noto-with pre- postacicular & acicular lobes, & dorsal cirrus; neuro- with pre- & postacicular lobes from 3rd to posterior four types: barred, spinose, spinulose & capillaries
N. inornata Rainer & Hutchings, 1977 9 20, each row with 4-7 papillae, median subterminal papilla absent, verrucae absent reduced, anteriorly directed both noto- & neuro with rounded pre- & postacicular lobes & acicular lobes dorsal & ventral cirri; from 5th to posterior barred from chaetiger 1-16, plus spinulose & capillaries in all chaetigers
N. longipes Stimpson, 1856 10 22, each row with 5-7 papillae, 1 mid-dorsal & mid-ventral papillae, verrucae present greatly prolonged, anteriorly directed noto- & neuro with rounded acicular, pre & post acicular lobes, all cirri digitate, from chaetiger 3 to long, flowing & golden, last 8–10 chaetigers includes barred, spinose & spinulose continued on the next page
TABLE 4 . (Continued) Species Pharynx,arrangement, Pharyngeal subterminal 1st chaetiger Noto-& neuropodia of well Branchiae Chaetae no. of prs bifid terminal papillae, no. of rows, developed chaetigers papillae ornamentation Species Pharynx,arrangement, Pharyngeal subterminal 1st chaetiger Noto-& neuropodia of well Branchiae Chaetae
N. mesobranchia Rainer & Hutchings, 1977 10 18, each row with 10-12 papillae, median subterminal papilla present, verrucae absent reduced dorsally, almost obscured by 2nd chaetiger, both forwardly directed acicular lobes & pre- & postacicular lobes in both rami, dorsal & ventral cirri present. from 7th to 24th 3 types: barred, spinulose & capillaries
N. neopolybranchia Imajima & Takeda, 1987 10 22, each row with 5-7 papillae, mid-dorsal papilla absent, verrucae present biramous, small, directed anteriorly noto- & neuro with rounded acicular lobes, noto preacicular conical, postacicular lobe rounded, neuro with rounded preacicular & post acicular from 3rd to posterior preacicular chaetae chaetigers barred, postacicular chaetae spinulose
N. oligobranchia Southern, 1921 11 22, each row with 6-9 papillae, slender mid- dorsal papilla, verrucae absent biramous, directed forward. dorsal & ventral cirri poorly developed acicular lobes conical longer than pre & postacicular rounded lobes, dorsal cirrus conical ventral cirrus digitate from 5th / 8th to 20th to barred restricted to 27th, decrease in size anterior 13th -15th posteriorly, foliate chaetigers, (preacicular) & spinulose in postacicular
Nephtys paradoxa Malm, 1874 ** 10 22, each row with (3) 4-6 papillae, mid dorsal papilla & verrucae present parapodia equal in size to subsequent parapodia, directed anteriorly, parallel to prostomium. pre & postacicular lobes poorly developed, surrounding acicular lobes, dorsal cirri small, lamelliform & concave dorsally, ventral cirri conical, small from 9th fully barred preacicular & developed by 25th -27th spinose in postacicular continue to 60-65th position & capillary restricted to 1st chaetiger
Nephtys phasuki Nateewathana & Hylleberg, 1986 n/a present but not counted, verrucae absent. anteriorly directed adjacent to prostomium; noto with long, conical acicular lobe, neuro acicular lobe much shorter noto with conical acicular lobe, preacicular low, postacicular rounded, neuro with slender conical acicular lobe, inflated preacicular & conical postacicular lobe; noto cirrus conical & ventral short & oblong from 5th. to?. barred & broad bladed capillaries, barred restricted to anterior chaetigers, absent from 17th, capillaries throughout plus geniculate chaetae
N. polybranchia Southern, 1921 N. semiverrucosa Rainer & Hutchings, 1977 11 10 22, each row with 6-7 papillae,, median dorsal papilla & verrucae absent 22, each row with 4-7 papillae, median dorsal subterminal papilla absent, verrucae present restricted to basal region of pharynx 1st parapodia directly obliquely, acicular lobes conical with small ventral & dorsal cirri displaced forwards but not adjacent to prostomium, with small acicular lobe & postacicular lamella noto & neuro acicular lobes conical, preacicular lobes rounded, postacicular longer than acicular lobes, widely separated noto with small acicular & preacicular lobes, postacicular divided into 2 unequal lobes, neuro with unequally divided preacicular lobe, acicular lobe, postacicular lobe & ventral cirrus large lamellate from 5th to near barred restricted to posterior end, digitate chaetigers 1-16, broad-& flattened (some bladed capillaries, variation within neuro all fine literature) capillaries from 4th almost to 4 types: narrow- pygidium winged, smooth-tipped capillaries, barred (absent from 28th), plus spinose & spinulose … …continued on the next page
TABLE 4. (Continued) no. of prs bifid terminal papillae, no. of rows, developed chaetigers papillae ornamentation . serrata Imajima 11 22, each row with 3-4 not erect, noto with noto better developed than from 5th to near end 2 kinds, barred in Takeda, 1987 papillae, median dorsal conical acicular lobe, neuro, acicular lobes bilobed of body, well preacicular & long papilla absent, verrucae pre & postacicular distally, preacicular low & developed & involute spinulose with small abundant on lobes small, dorsal & rounded, postacicular; dorsal postacicular fascicles proximal surface ventral cirri long & cirrus with foliaceous base digitate . sukumoensis n/a 20, each with 4-7 papillae, n/a parapodial lobes slightly from 2nd almost to barred limited to Kitamori, 1960 no mid-dorsal papilla incised at distal ends pygidium, foliaceous chaetigers 1-8, replaced present thick, with small with long smooth cirrus, absent on last 5 capillaries on segments subsequent chaetigers, plus some with flattened serrated blades Nephtys triangula 12 22, each row with 7 directed forward, noto with elongate from 3rd ( 4 in small barred extend to sp. papillae, median dorsal lying adjacent to postacicular lobe, acicular specimens), continue posterior chaetigers, papilla absent, verrucae prostomium. lobe rounded, neuro with 2 to posterior, by broad-bladed long present proximally equal sized lobes, well chaetiger 20 fully flowing capillaries with developed ventral cirrus occupying interramal serrated margins space