Description of five new species of the genus Stigmaeus Koch (Acari: Raphignathoidea: Stigmaeidae) from Turkey
Author
Doğan, Sibel
Author
Doğan, Salih
Author
Erman, Orhan
text
Zootaxa
2017
4276
4
451
478
journal article
32846
10.11646/zootaxa.4276.4.1
4819771b-1204-45ae-8cc1-2ea1c1bd7c69
1175-5326
807819
F75E595B-8D3C-424E-ADBE-B761B1D59638
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
Female
(
n
= 5) (
Figs. 15
,
16
). Body oval and 342 (339–394) long, 176 (175–193) wide.
Gnathosoma
71 (69–72). Leg I 168 (164–177), leg II 124 (120–134), leg III 115 (111–121), leg IV 138 (134–148).
FIGURE 15.
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
(Female) A. Dorsal view of idiosoma, B. Ventral view of idiosoma.
Dorsum of idiosoma
. All dorsal shields smooth, without reticulation. Prodorsum typically with a large propodosomal shield, bearing eyes, post-ocular bodies and three pairs of setae (
vi
,
ve
,
sci
). Also, an apodemal marking present between post-ocular bodies.
pob
large [26 (21–24)], nearly 3 times diameter of eyes [7 (6–7)].
sce
on minute individual platelets, located laterally.
c
1 and
d
1 situated on central shield.
d
2 located on marginal shield.
e
1 on divided median zonal shields.
e
2 located on lateral zonal shields. Intercalary shields divided, with a pair of setae
f
1. Suranal shield entire and bearing two pairs of subequal setae (
h
1, 2),
h
3 absent. Humeral shields situated ventrolaterally, with setae
c
2. Dorsum with 13 pairs of setae. All dorsal setae smooth,
ve
the longest, almost four times longer than
vi
. Lengths of dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi
22
(20–22),
ve
83 (82–92),
sci
16 (17–20),
sce
53 (49– 55),
c
1 20 (19–21),
c
2 64 (61–68),
d
1 19 (19–21),
d
2 20 (20–22),
e
1 18
(18–20),
e
2 33
(34–36),
f
1 37 (35–38),
h
1 37 (36–37),
h
2 39 (40–42). Distances between dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi -
vi
21 (20–24),
ve -ve
31 (30–33),
vi -ve
20 (20– 22),
sci -sci
77 (72–76),
ve -sci
20 (20–21),
sce -sce
112 (108–111),
sci -sce
19 (16–18),
c
1-
c
1 40 (40–43),
d
2-
d
2 121 (120–125),
c
1-
d
1 60 (58–61),
c
1-
d
2 58 (58–59),
d
1-
d
1 48 (47–49),
d
2-
d
1 36 (37–42),
e
2-
e
2 100 (102–105),
d
2-
e
2 65 (62– 66),
d
1-
e
1 54
(51–55),
d
1-
e
2 53
(53–54),
e
1-
e
1 44
(41–45),
e
2-
e
1 30
(29–31),
f
1-
f
1 61 (61–68),
e
1-
f
1 27 (26–29),
e
2-
f
1 37 (36–38),
f
1-
h
1 33 (32–34),
f
1-
h
2 26 (27–31),
h
1-
h
1 25 (22–25),
h
2-
h
2 69 (64–67),
h
1-
h
2 18 (18–19). Ratios of setae:
ve
/
sci
5.1 (4.6),
ve
/
sce
1.5 (1.6).
FIGURE 16.
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
(Female) A. Leg I, B. Leg II, C. Leg III, D. Leg IV.
Venter of idiosoma
. All ventral shields smooth. Coxisternal shields divided and bearing three pairs of intercoxal setae (
1a
,
3a
,
4a
). Lengths and distances of these setae:
1a
19 (18–20),
3a
19 (18–20),
4a
20 (20–21),
1a -1a
18 (18–20),
3a -3a
26 (27–35),
4a -4a
24 (24–25). Anal and genital shields fused and bearing a pair of genital (
g
1), three of pairs of pseudanal setae (
ps
1-3).
ps
1 conspicuously longer than
ps
2 and
ps
3. Aggenital shields entire, with three pairs of setae (
ag
1-3). Lengths of setae:
ag
1 18 (18–20),
ag
2 17 (18–19),
ag
3 18 (18–19),
g
1 5 (5–6),
ps
1 34 (32–35),
ps
2 16 (16–18),
ps
3 11 (10–11).
Gnathosoma
. Chelicerae 99 (100–110), palp 85 (80–86). Subcapitulum with two pairs of adoral setae (
or
1,2) and two pairs of subcapitular setae,
m
14 (13–15),
n
13 (13–14) in length, distances between subcapitular setae:
m - m
19 (17–20),
n -n
24 (24–28),
m -n
14 (14–15).
Legs
. Leg segments smooth. Counts of setae and solenidia on legs I–IV: coxae 2–2–2–2, trochanters 1–1–2–1, femora 6–4–3–2, genua 3(+1κ)–3(+1κ)–1–1, tibiae 5(+1φ+1φρ)–5(+1φρ)–5(+1φρ)–5(+1φρ), tarsi 13(+1ω)– 9(+1ω)–7(+1ω)–7(+1ω).
Male
(
n
= 1) (
Figs. 17
,
18
). Length of body 254, width 133.
Gnathosoma
55. Leg I 133, leg II 104, leg
III 96
, leg IV 115.
FIGURE 17.
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
(Male) A. Dorsal view of idiosoma, B. Ventral view of idiosoma.
Dorsum of idiosoma
. Dorsal idiosomal shields without patterns, counts and shape of setae as in female, but apodemal marking absent,
pob
(18) smaller than those of female and about 2.5 times diameter of eyes (7). Lengths of dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi
13
,
ve
65,
sci
11,
sce
34,
c
1 13,
c
2 55,
d
1 12,
d
2 13,
e
1 11,
e
2 26,
f
1 26,
h
1 20,
h
2 29. Distances between dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi -
vi
21,
ve -ve
27,
vi -ve
16,
sci -sci
60,
ve -sci
18,
sce -sce
82,
sci -sce
12,
c
1-
c
1 34,
d
2-
d
2 102,
c
1-
d
1 38,
c
1-
d
2 47,
d
1-
d
1 36,
d
2-
d
1 32,
e
2-
e
2 75,
d
2-
e
2 51,
d
1-
e
1 42,
d
1-
e
2 43,
e
1-
e
1 50,
e
2-
e
1 21,
f
1-
f
1 46,
e
1-
f
1 19,
e
2-
f
1 23,
f
1-
h
1 25,
f
1-
h
2 28,
h
1-
h
1 22,
h
2-
h
2 38,
h
1-
h
2 9.
Venter of idiosoma
. Lengths and distances of intercoxal setae:
1a
14,
3a
15,
4a
17,
1a -1a
18,
3a -3a
26,
4a -4a
21. Three pairs of aggenital setae (
ag
1-3) on aggenital shields. Anal shields located sub-terminally and bearing three pairs of pseudanal setae (
ps
1-3). Lengths of these setae:
ag
1 11,
ag
2 10,
ag
3 11,
ps
1 6,
ps
2 5,
ps
3 3.
Gnathosoma
. Chelicerae 78, palp 77. Lengths and distances of subcapitular setae:
m
10,
n
11,
m -m
12,
n -n
15,
m -n
5.
Legs
. Counts of setae and solenidia on legs I–IV as in female, except tarsi I–IV with two solenidia.
Deutonymph
(
n
= 1) (
Figs. 19
,
20
). Idiosoma 260 long, 151 wide. Length of
gnathosoma
54. Leg I 138, leg II 109, leg III 106, leg IV 117.
FIGURE 18.
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
(Male) A. Leg I, B. Leg II, C. Leg III, D. Leg IV.
Dorsum of idiosoma
. As in female, but apodemal marking absent. Eyes 5,
pob
17 in
diameter. Lengths dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi
13
,
ve
65,
sci
12,
sce
40,
c
1 16,
c
2 60,
d
1 15,
d
2 13,
e
1 16,
e
2 37,
f
1 37,
h
1 34,
h
2 27. Distances between dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi -
vi
23,
ve -ve
30,
vi -ve
18,
sci -sci
68,
ve -sci
19,
sce -sce
98,
sci -sce
17,
c
1-
c
1 37,
d
2-
d
2 108,
c
1-
d
1 45,
c
1-
d
2 52,
d
1-
d
1 37,
d
2-
d
1 34,
e
2-
e
2 84,
d
2-
e
2 54,
d
1-
e
1 46,
d
1-
e
2 50,
e
1-
e
1 32,
e
2-
e
1 22,
f
1-
f
1 47,
e
1-
f
1 19,
e
2-
f
1 25,
f
1-
h
1 22,
f
1-
h
2 18,
h
1-
h
1 16,
h
2-
h
2 39,
h
1-
h
2 8.
Venter of idiosoma
. Similar to adult female but without genital setae. Lengths and distances of intercoxal setae:
1a
17,
3a
17,
4a
20,
1a -1a
21,
3a -3a
23,
4a -4a
15. Aggenital shields with three pairs of aggenital setae;
ag
1 9,
ag
2 11,
ag
3 6. Anal shields bearing three pairs of pseudanal setae,
ps
1>
ps
2>
ps
3 and
ps
1 15,
ps
2 7,
ps
3 4.
Gnathosoma
. Chelicerae 76, palp 84. Lengths and distances of subcapitular setae:
m
11,
n
9,
m -m
17,
n -n
22,
m -n
11.
Legs
. Counts of setae and solenidia on legs I–IV: coxae 2–2–2–2, trochanters 1–1–2–0, femora 6–4–3–2, genua 3(+1κ)–2(+1κ)–0–0, tibiae 5(+1φ+1φρ)–5(+1φρ)–5(+1φρ)–5(+1φρ), tarsi 13(+1ω)–9(+1ω)–7(+1ω)–7(+1ω).
Protonymph
(
n
= 2) (
Figs. 21
,
22
). Length of body 199–254, width 103–138.
Gnathosoma
48–49. Leg I 110– 117, leg
II 93
–99, leg
III 85
–93, leg
IV 82
–90.
Dorsum of idiosoma
. As in deutonymph, but
pob
absent. Lengths of dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi
13–14
,
ve
55– 56,
sci
9–9,
sce
31–33),
c
1 12–13
,
c
2 40–42,
d
1 12–13
,
d
2 9–9,
e
1 12–13
,
e
2 27–28
,
f
1 27–28
,
h
1 24–25
,
h
2 13–15.
Distances between dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi -
vi
26–27,
ve -ve
32–33,
vi -ve
17–18,
sci -sci
56–60,
ve -sci
14–17,
sce - sce
98–103,
sci -sce
22–23,
c
1-
c
1 30–31
,
d
2-
d
2 95–99,
c
1-
d
1 43–43,
c
1-
d
2 41–48,
d
1-
d
1 26–27
,
d
2-
d
1 33–33,
e
2-
e
2 80– 82,
d
2-
e
2 45–47,
d
1-
e
1 37–37,
d
1-
e
2 45–45,
e
1-
e
1 21–22
,
e
2-
e
1 27–29
,
f
1-
f
1 30–33
,
e
1-
f
1 25–26
,
e
2-
f
1 30–32
,
f
1-
h
1 20–23
,
f
1-
h
2 9–10
,
h
1-
h
1 12–13
,
h
2-
h
2 27–30
,
h
1-
h
2 7–9.
FIGURE 19.
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
(Deutonymph) A. Dorsal view of idiosoma, B. Ventral view of idiosoma.
Venter of idiosoma
.
1a
and
3a
present, but
4a
absent; lengths and distances of these setae:
1a
12–13,
3a
14–15,
1a–1a
18–19,
3a–3a
32–33. Genital setae absent. Aggenital shield having only a pair of setae;
ag
1 11–12.
Anal shields bearing three pairs of pseudanal setae (
ps
1-3). Lengths of pseudanal setae:
ps
1 11–11
,
ps
2 7–8,
ps
3 5–5.
Gnathosoma
. Chelicerae 66–67, palp 63–65. Only a pair of subcapitular setae (
m
) present, length and distance of this setae
m
8–9,
m -m
17–18.
Legs
. Counts of setae and solenidia on legs I–IV: coxae 2–2–2–0, trochanters 0–0–1–0, femora 4–4–3–1, genua 3(+1κ)–2(+1κ)–0–0, tibiae 5(+1φ+1φρ)–5(+1φρ)–5(+1φρ)–5(+1φρ), tarsi 13(+1ω)–9(+1ω)–7(+1ω)–7(+1ω).
Larva
(
n
= 1) (
Fig. 23
). Length of body 163, width 102.
Gnathosoma
40. Leg IV absent, leg
I 96
, leg
II 74
, leg
III 77
.
Dorsum of idiosoma
. Apodemal marking and
pob
absent. Eyes
6 in
diameter. Lengths of dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi
10
,
ve
51,
sci
7,
sce
14,
c
1 10,
c
2 34,
d
1 11,
d
2 10,
e
1 15,
e
2 23,
f
1 24,
h
1 22,
h
2 21. Distances between dorsal idiosomal setae:
vi -
vi
22,
ve -ve
28,
vi -ve
9,
sci -sci
56,
ve -sci
16,
sce -sce
85,
sci -sce
15,
c
1-
c
1 28,
d
2-
d
2 69,
c
1-
d
1 34,
c
1-
d
2 37,
d
1-
d
1 20,
d
2-
d
1 20,
e
2-
e
2 55,
d
2-
e
2 30,
d
1-
e
1 26,
d
1-
e
2 25,
e
1-
e
1 16,
e
2-
e
1 18,
f
1-
f
1 26,
e
1-
f
1 15,
e
2-
f
1 19,
f
1-
h
1 7,
f
1-
h
2 4,
h
1-
h
1 10,
h
2-
h
2 24,
h
1-
h
2 4.
Venter of idiosoma.
Genital setae and setae
4a
absent as in protonymph, with the difference of lacking aggenital setae. Lengths of intercoxal setae:
1a
12,
3a
13,
1a -1a
19,
3a -3a
20. Anal shields bearing three pairs of pseudanal setae;
ps
1 4,
ps
2 4,
ps
3 3.
Gnathosoma
. Chelicerae 53, palp 55. Subcapitulum with two pairs of adoral setae (
or
1,2), without subcapitular setae.
FIGURE 20.
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
(Deutonymph) A. Leg I, B. Leg II, C. Leg III, D. Leg IV.
Legs
. Counts of setae and solenidia on legs I–III: coxae 1–0–0, trochanters 0–0–0, femora 4–4–3, genua 2(+1κ)–2–0, tibiae 5(+1φ+1φρ)–5(+1φρ)–5(+1φρ), tarsi 13(+1ω)–9(+1ω)–7(+1ω).
Etymology.
The name of this new species,
harsitensis
, is derived from Harşit Valley where it was collected.
Type
materials.
Holotype
female from grassy litter under
Cornus
sp.,
40° 22' 17''N
,
39° 49' 19''E
,
1820 m
.a.s.l., 0
8 March 2014
,
Harşit Valley
,
TURKEY
.
Paratypes
:
7 females
from moss,
40° 43' 47''N
,
39° 13' 00''E
,
1464 m
.a.s.l.,
11 April 2014
; 11 females from moss and lichen on soil, 40° 32' 37''N, 39° 28' 19''E,
1800 m
.a.s.l.,
23 April 2014
; 21 females, 1 protonymph and 1 larva from mossy soil, 40° 57' 52''N, 38° 53' 17''E,
32 m
.a.s.l., 0
2 May 2014
; 1 female from grassy soil, 40° 22' 11''N, 39° 49' 32''E,
1925 m
.a.s.l.,
17 May 2014
; 7 females and 1 protonymph from grassy soil, 40° 23' 10''N, 39° 41' 35''E,
1380 m
.a.s.l.,
30 May 2014
; 7 females from grassy soil, 40° 22' 12''N, 39° 49' 31''E,
1930 m
.a.s.l.,
30 May 2014
; 11 females and 1 male from grassy and mossy soil, 40° 38' 41''N, 39° 08' 52''E,
714 m
.a.s.l.,
10 October 2014
; 6 females from grassy soil, 40° 37' 54''N, 39° 06' 54''E,
799 m
.a.s.l.,
10 October 2014
; 5 females and 1 protonymph from grass on soil, 40° 33' 11''N, 39° 28' 53''E,
1419 m
.a.s.l.,
23 October 2014
; 1 female from grass and moss, 40° 38' 28''N, 39° 07' 36''E,
907 m
.a.s.l., 0
9 April 2015
;
2 females
from grass and moss,
39° 48' 25''N
,
39° 22' 49''E
,
482 m
.
a.s.l.,
16 April 2015
,
Harşit Valley
,
TURKEY
. 2 females and 1 deutonymph from grassy soil, 40° 41' 09''N, 39° 03' 07''E,
938 m
.a.s.l., 0
8 March 2014
;
5 females
from cow dung,
40° 41' 09''N
,
39° 03' 07''E
,
938 m
.
a.s.l., 0
8 March 2014
,
12 females
from moss and grass,
40° 41' 09''N
,
39° 03' 07''E
,
938 m
.
a.s.l., 0
8 March 2014
,
Örümcek Forests
,
TURKEY
.
Remarks.
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
resembles
S. macroposbus
Liang & Hu, 1987
,
S. longisetosus
Liang & Hu, 1987
,
Stigmaeus callunae
Evans, 1954
,
S. pilatus
Kuznetsov, 1978
and
S. angustus
Dönel & Doğan,
2011
in general appearance.
FIGURE 21.
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
(Protonymph) A. Dorsal view of idiosoma, B. Ventral view of idiosoma.
It is easily separated from
S. macroposbus
and
S. longisetosus
by: genu III with one seta, the central shield narrower and longer than that of
S. macroposbus
and presence of an apodemal marking (absent in
S. macroposbus
); setae
e
2 short and not extending to base of setae
f
1 in
the new species, but setae
e
2 long and reaching to base of setae
f
1 in
S. longisetosus
; in the new species ratio
ve
/
sce
1.5
vs.
3.23 and 1.9 in
S. macroposbus
and
S. longisetosus
, respectively (
Liang & Hu 1987
).
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
can be distinguished from
S. callunae
by the presence post-ocular bodies (absent in the latter), ratio
ve
/
sce
1.5 in new species but 2.1 in
S. callunae
, the central shield’s posterior margin, toward the median zonal shields, is protruding in the new species
vs.
smooth in
S. callunae
(
Evans 1954
)
.
The new species nearly exhibits all characters of
S. pilatus
. However it can be distinguished from
S. pilatus
by having the post-ocular bodies smaller than those of
S. pilatus
and all aggenital setae on the same shield (
ag
1 separated from other aggenitals in
S. pilatus
) (
Kuznetsov 1978
).
Stigmaeus harsitensis
sp. nov.
can be distinguished from
S. angustus
by the presence of post-ocular bodies (absent in
S. angustus
), the intercalary shields smaller than those of
S. angustus
, and setae
e
2 longer than setae
d
2 (contrary to
S. angustus
) (
Dönel & Doğan 2011
).