Pontoniinae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Brazil with taxonomic key Author Vieira, Rony R. R. Author Ferreira, Rodrigo S. Author D’Incao, Fernando text Zootaxa 2012 3149 1 38 journal article 45720 10.5281/zenodo.279517 9a013bae-8524-49ab-9627-88269911cc22 1175-5326 279517 Periclimenaeus ascidiarum Holthuis, 1951 Periclimenaeus ascidiarum — Holthuis, 1951 :80 ; Chace, 1972 :26 ; Coelho & Ramos, 1972 :146 ; Ramos-Porto, 1980 :297 ; Abele & Kim, 1986 :15 ; Ramos-Porto & Coelho, 1998 :337 ; Coelho et al ., 2006:50. Diagnosis. Rostrum short, compressed and directed downwards, apex slightly curved upwards, it reaches about to the end of the antennular peduncle, dorsal margin with 3 teeth and ventral margin convex and unarmed. Antennular peduncle with stylocerite broad, short and acute, almost reaches the half this segment and with anterolateral spine extremely small. Scaphocerite is small, with distal tooth almost reaches the apex of lamella. Carapace with antennal spine. Mandible without palp. First pereopods overreaching scaphocerite with carpus and chela, fingers longer than palm or slightly longer. Second pereopods unequal in shape and size. Major pereopod overreaching scaphocerite with carpus, finger smaller than palm, dactylus with a large tooth which fits into a depression in the cutting edge of the fixed finger. Minor pereopod overreaching scaphocerite with chela, finger with a tooth in the cutting edge. Third to fifth pereopods with bifid dactyli. Abdomen smooth, the pleura of first five somites is broadly rounded. Telson with 2 pairs of dorsal spines and 3 pairs of spine on posterior margin. Distribution. Western Atlantic: USA (Florida), Colombia (Cape de La Vela), Dominica , Cuba (Batabanó Gulf), Brazil (Maranhão, Ceará and Pernambuco) ( Figure 7 ) ( Holthuis, 1951 ; Chace, 1972 ; Martínez-Iglesias & García Raso, 1999 ; Coelho et al ., 2006). Material examined. None. Ecological notes. The species is found on sandy bottoms, calcareous algae and coral encrusted in rocks, at depths between 1,5 and 72 m ( Chace, 1972 ; Ramos-Porto & Coelho, 1972 ; Ramos-Porto, 1980 ; Abele & Kim, 1986 ).