Preimaginal morphology of the genera Salpingogaster Schiner, 1868 and Eosalpingogaster Hull, 1949 (Diptera: Syrphidae), with its systematic implications Author Pérez-Bañón, Celeste Author Arcaya, Evelin Author Mengual, Ximo Author Rojo, Santos text Zootaxa 2013 3599 4 361 370 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3599.4.4 517d9946-af50-4a90-873d-417229dd6dbb 1175-5326 221611 389D9A64-6803-4685-90A3-4AA22D4FD51D Salpingogaster nigra Schiner, 1868 Overall appearance. Length 9–10 mm , maximum width 3.0 mm and height 3.5–4 mm . Pear-shaped, oval in crosssection. Anterior extremely truncated, tapered posteriorly and flattened ventrally (see Fig. 1A, B). Integumental vestiture and segmental sensilla absent (Fig. 2B). Colour of empty puparium light brown, with three dorsomedial darker spots and a ventrolateral longitudinal dark stripe. FIGURE 3. Posterior respiratory process (prp). A, Eosalpingogaster umbra ; B, Salpingogaster nigra ; C, Eosalpingogaster sp.; D, Ocyptamus sp.; E, Toxomerus sp. Arrows point to spiracular openings. Posterior breathing tube (prp): Short, broader than long. Dark brown in colour, lustrous. Spiracular plate little higher than wide, not differentiated in colour from the rest of prp. Spiracular plate divided by a very shallow median groove. Ecdysial scars displaced towards the median groove and anteriorly. Diameter of ecdysial scars is half the length of spiracular opening I. Dorsal spur absent (compare with Fig. 3 B–D). Spiracular opening I displaced towards the centre of the spiracular plate. Spiracular opening I and II mounted on well-developed carinae, straight, parallel and inserted almost at the same level. Carinae of spiracular opening II about three times longer than broad, extending down the sides of prp. Spiracular opening III sinuous with a horseshoe shape ( Fig. 3B). Interspiracular ornamentation reduced, interspiracular setae very short, hardly visible by light microscope, mounted inside of small circular nodules. Interspiracular setae between openings I and II close, with their nodules clearly connected. Material examined: VENEZUELA : 1 Ƥ puparium, Yaracuy, Vía Yaritagua, Hacienda Santa Cruz, 300 m . , 10.x.2000 , “sobre Aeneolamia varia ” leg. R. Paz ( MJMO ); 1 Ƥ adult, Yaracuy, Yaritagua, 300 m . , 30.vii.2002 . yellow sticky trap ( MJMO );1 puparium without imago, Yaracuy, Yaritagua, 300 m . , 30.vii.2002 , leg. B. Escalona ( MJMO ); COSTA RICA : 1 3 puparium+adult, Puntarenas Prov., Monteverde, ext. pasture, 16.vii.1994 , D.C. Peck ( MZCR ); 1 Ƥ puparium+adult, Puntarenas Prov., Monteverde, ext. pasture, 16-23.vii.1994 , D.C. Peck ( MZCR ).