A review of the South American metalmark genus Alesa Doubleday, 1847 (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Eurybiini) with the description of two new species Author Santos, Wildio Ikaro Da Graça 0000-0003-3466-5820 Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box 19020, 81.531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil & wildio. ikaro @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3466 - 5820 wildio.ikaro@gmail.com Author Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo 0000-0001-5258-3787 Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box 19020, 81.531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil & Reserva Serra Bonita, PO Box 001, 45.880 - 970, Camacan, Bahia, Brazil & dirodrido @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5258 - 3787 dirodrido@gmail.com Author Dias, Fernando Maia Silva 0000-0002-7198-7792 Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box 19020, 81.531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil & Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PO Box 10011, 86.057 - 970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil & fernandodias @ uel. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7198 - 7792 fernandodias@uel.br Author Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik 0000-0003-3655-4606 Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box 19020, 81.531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil & omhesp @ ufpr. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3655 - 4606 omhesp@ufpr.br Author Casagrande, Mirna Martins 0000-0002-6076-8463 Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box 19020, 81.531 - 980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil & mibras @ ufpr. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6076 - 8463 mibras@ufpr.br text Zootaxa 2023 2023-05-10 5284 1 77 120 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5284.1.3 journal article 54237 10.11646/zootaxa.5284.1.3 919ce70b-5bdc-46f5-810a-4ebaf7e54100 1175-5326 7919001 7334FB57-41A0-47CA-BCBF-FA108B13CEC1 Alesa beneluzi Gallard & Fernandez, 2015 Figs 5–6 , 93 Alesa beneluzi Gallard & Fernandez, 2015 . Bull. Soc. ent. France 120 (2): 135, 137, figs 3, 4 (male v, d); holotype male, French Guiana , Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, route d’Apatou, PK 26, piège lumineux, 15-III-2013 , S. Fernandez [leg.,]; MNHN.— Gallard, 2017 . Riodinidae Guyane , p. 57, pl 10, figs J, I (male d, v). Diagnosis. Alesa beneluzi is the largest species of the genus with male forewing length of 28mm , n=1, and can also be distinguished by the wings upper side with golden green bands and spots, with shiny scales; forewing upper side postdiscal and submarginal bands wide, occupying most of the space between veins; forewing and hindwing underside ground color pinkish brown; hindwing underside postbasal band straight and not reaching the end of Sc+R 1 , and discal band irregular, reaching the end of Rs; postdiscal band sinous; genitalia not examined. Female unknown. Type material. The holotype male of A. beneluzi was collected in a light trap at the route d’Ápatou , Km 26, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, French Guiana , by Sérgio Fernandez in March 15, 2013 , and it is currently deposited at the MNHN . Distribution. Alesa beneluzi in currently known only from its type locality, an area of tropical Amazon forest lowland in Fench Guiana (Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni) ( Fig. 93 ). Comments. Alesa beneluzi is one of the last species described for the genus, and it is one of the three species of Alesa only known from the holotype . The species was described based on a male specimen from French Guiana , one of the best sampled areas for Riodinidae in the Neotropics. The wing pattern of A. beneluzi presents a mix of characters observed in different species included in the “ prema group”. For example, A. beneluzi has the wings bands pattern generally similar to A. prema , however, the wings upper side green bands are similar to A. rothschildi and A. juliae sp. nov. . In addition, the evenly rounded hindwing of A. beneluzi differs greatly from the triangular hindwing with projected tornus of A. prema . The male genitalia of A. beneluzi was not examined and the female is not known. The only known specimen of A. beneluzi was collected in a light trap at 23:30h. Although the uncommon method of capture, this species probably is diurnal and the light trap sampling was accidental. Gallard & Fernandez (2015) suggest that the rarity and the rounded wings of A. beneluzi are probably related to their slow flight associated with forest canopy habitats, such as in its congener A. rothschildi . Examined material. FRENCH GUIANA — Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni : Rota d’Ápatou (km 26), light trap , 15.III.2013 , 1 male , Sérgio Fernandez leg. ( MNHN ) (examined from images) .