Taxonomic revision of the genus Trigonosciadium (Apiaceae) in Turkey Author Eroğlu, Hüseyin Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, 65090, Tuşba-Van, Turkey; Author Behçet, Lütfi Bingöl University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, 1200, Bingöl, Turkey. Author Pinar, Süleyman Mesut Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van School of Health, 65090, Tuşba-Van, Turkey. text Phytotaxa 2017 2017-07-11 313 1 43 60 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.313.1.3 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.313.1.3 1179-3163 13700212 1. Trigonosciadium tuberosum Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 1: 345 (1844) ( Figs 1 , 5–8 ). Type:— [ IRAN ?]. In Mesopotamia, Aucher 3723 . Holotype : P ([digital image!] barcode number: P 00476419). Isotype : K ([digital image!] barcode number: K 000685757). Synonym : Heracleum mesopotamicum M. Hiroe, Umbelliferae World : 1749 (1979) , replacement name. Biennial, herbaceous, 30–70 cm , pubescent, with petiole remains of last year at the base of the stem. Root swollen fusiform, 1–3(–5) paired. Stem erect, lower part 4–5 angular, striate, rarely purple. Leaves 1-pinnate, pilose, leaflets at the lower part of stem 7, middle 5, upper 3 paired, terminal leaflets single or slightly 3-lobed, margins serrate. Petiole sheath well-developed, in the lower part narrowly lanceolate, in the upper part ovate-oblong, widened and clasping the stem. Rays 7–30, 1–13 cm , unequal, pilose. Raylets 8–25, 4–18 mm , pilose. Bracts 1–5, 3–10 mm , linear-subulate, pilose. Bracteoles 2–4, 4–10 mm , linear, pilose, at least some of them longer than half of the pedicels in each umbellule. Sepals triangular, inconspicuous. Petals 5, white, deeply emarginate, pubescent at bottom and usually pinkish, the outer radiant, 4–5 mm . Styles ca. 3 mm , glabrous. Stylopodium cupular with undulate margin. Stigma capitate. Fruit 6–13× 5–10 mm , orbicular-obovate, obcordate, dorsal surface of mericarp hirsute and ± pilose, commissural surface of mericarp glabrous, mericarp margin usually undulate and purple; dorsal vittae 4, filiform, reaching 1/2–2/3 of mericarp; commissural vittae 2, filiform, reaching 2/3 of mericarp. Pollen grains in monads, tricolporate, perprolate ( P / E : 2.06); surface ornamentation rugulate. Phenology:— Flowering occurs from May to June. Distribution: — Turkey (Southeast of Turkey ), Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan ). Habitat:— This species grows on stony, rocky valley slopes. Threat category: —The latter Turkish collections of Trigonosciadium tuberosum were dated 1888 from C8 square, in Diyarbakır . During our study one of the population of this species was found also in Diyarbakır , but in C7 square. In accordance with our field observations, this population was distributed in 5–10 km 2 area and included approximately 300 mature individuals. According to the available data, it should be regarded as ‘Endangered’ [EN C2a(ii)] in Turkey . Examined specimens:— C7 Diyarbakır : Bağlar , valley slopes on the Alaçimen Village , 37°44ʹ13ʺN , 39°55ʹ37ʺE , 1240 m , stony and rocky slopes, 5 May 2013 , H . Eroğlu 1029 ( VANF !) ; ibidem, 25 May 2013 , H . Eroğlu 1030 ( VANF !) .