Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Nephelomilta Hampson, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from China with descriptions of two new species Author Huang, Si-Yao 0000-0002-9859-9212 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali 671003, Yunnan, China & Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China & huangsiyao 2007 @ aliyun. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9859 - 9212 huangsiyao2007@aliyun.com Author Volynkin, Anton V. 0000-0001-9447-4925 Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia & monstruncusarctia @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9447 - 4925 monstruncusarctia@gmail.com Author Xiong, Yun 0000-0002-4385-4124 Gong-shan Administration Bureau, Gao-li-gong Mountain National Nature Reserve, Nujiang, Yunnan 673500, China & 5356110682 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4385 - 4124 5356110682@qq.com Author Li, Ying-Chun 0000-0001-5247-0758 Gong-shan Administration Bureau, Gao-li-gong Mountain National Nature Reserve, Nujiang, Yunnan 673500, China & 765837514 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5247 - 0758 765837514@qq.com Author Saldaitis, Aidas 0000-0003-0999-3996 Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania & saldrasa @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0999 - 3996 saldrasa@gmail.com Author Li, Xian-Fu 0000-0002-1258-1573 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali 671003, Yunnan, China & Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China & The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region from Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China & lixf @ eastern-himalaya. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1258 - 1573 lixf@eastern-himalaya.cn text Zootaxa 2023 2023-09-29 5351 5 534 542 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5351.5.2 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.5.2 1175-5326 8392129 9C6F1A9A-A773-49CA-AE66-CF5B23ED3F07 Nephelomilta yasunorikishidai Huang & Wang, 2019 ( Figs 7–10 , 20–22 , 25 ) Type material. Holotype ( Figs 7 , 20 ): male, 21–24. VII. 2006 , Gongshan County , Yunnan Province , P. R. China , Min Wang & Xiao-ling Fan leg. (Coll. SCAU ). Additional material examined: 1 male , altitude 2150 m , 18. VII. 2017 , 80K ( Bononggong ), Motuo County , Xizang Autonomous Region , China , slide NMT02 ( Coll. CHSY ) ; 1 male , same locality, but 13. VII. 2017 ( Coll. CHSY ) ; 1 male , same locality, but 17. VII. 2017 ( Coll. CHSY ) ; 2 males , same locality, but 28. VII. 2018 , En-yong Chen & Zhao-hui Pan leg. ( Coll. CHSY ) ; 1 female , same locality, but 30. VII. 2016 , Zhao-hui Pan leg. ( Coll. CHSY ) ; 1 male , China , Xizang , Motuo County , north of Ani bridge, 1800 m , 25–30. VII. 2005 , local collector leg., slide AV 6495 ( Coll. WIGJ ) . Remarks . (1) This species was described based on a single male specimen from western Yunnan and a living adult from southeastern Xizang was also imaged and illustrated ( Huang & Wang 2019 ). Subsequently, more individuals of this species including the previously unknown female from southeastern Xizang became available to the authors. The genitalia structures of the two known populations of the species display no remarkable differences. (2) Among the genus Nephelomilta , N. yasunorikishidai is most reminiscent of N. sumatrana (van Eecke, 1927 ) ( Figs. 11–14 , 23, 24, 26, 27 ) and can be reliably distinguished by the markedly larger size in both sexes (the forewing length is 15–18 mm in males and 24. 5 mm in female vs. 10–11.5 mm in males and 12–14.5 mm in females in N. sumatrana ), and the terminal line of the forewing consisting of distinct blackish dots whereas it is concolourous with the other markings in N. sumatrana . The male genitalia of N. yasunorikishidai differ from N. sumatrana in the lack of the subapical saccular process, and the considerably larger and broader subbasal diverticulum. According to the differences mentioned above, as well as the fundamentally different antrum structure (see below), it is worthy to erect N. yasunorikishidai into a separate species group, namely the N. yasunorikishidai species group. Diagnosis of the female. The female of the species is significantly larger than the male (the forewing length is 24. 5 mm vs. 15–18 mm ). In the female genitalia of N. yasunorikishidai , unlike N. sumatrana , the antrum has a strongly elongated anterior section with parallel margins and a considerably broader posterior section bearing two postero-lateral semicircular lobes ventrally whereas it is caliciform in the congener. Additionally, compared to N. sumatrana , the corpus bursae of the current species is narrower and smaller and with a markedly larger and more elongated signum.