New records of Indo-Pacific sponges from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands India
Author
Pereira, Preeti
Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Haddo- 744 102, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
Author
Raghunathan, Chelladurai
Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Haddo- 744 102, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. & Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore- 700 053, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-12-08
4894
4
81
97
journal article
9308
10.11646/zootaxa.4894.1.4
56f8a697-33e1-4ece-8e49-e8bf44fb34ef
1175-5326
4315490
2F3A5F52-6DDC-4472-8083-9DDE42BBA5FE
Agelas ceylonica
Dendy, 1905
sensu
Thomas, 1981
(
Figures 2
A–F)
Synonymy:
Agelas ceylonica
Dendy, 1905: 175
, pl. XII, fig. 9;
Lévi, 1961: 23
, fig. 30, pl. 1. fig. 2; Thomas, 1980: 3, fig. 1e, f;
Thomas, 1981: 20
, pl. I, fig. 11, pl. II, fig. 6;
Thomas, 1985: 205
.
Material examined:
1 specimen
, ZSI/ANRC–20437,
June 15, 2018
,
Outram Island
, Ritchie’s Archipelago,
Coll. Preeti Pereira.
Description
: Branching sponge with hollow tubes, growing upright from the substrate; the specimen was covered with debris so that only oscules were visible, on brushing off the sediment, bright orange, hispid surface and a thin dermal membrane was recognizable (
Fig. 2A
); the specimen turned light orange/beige after preservation (
Fig. 2B
); branches finely hispid,
7 mm
in diameter; consistency soft, tough and resilient.
Skeleton: Skeleton made up of fine, pale spongin cored by acanthostyles, fibres cored; primary fibres
40–60 µm
thick, echinated, secondary fibres
20–30 µm
thick; meshes
100–270 µm
in diameter; acanthostyles, smooth styles and styles with plain whorls, scattered in the choanosome (
Fig. 2C
).
Spicules:
Verticillate acanthostyles (
Fig. 2D
), styles with smooth whorls (
Fig. 2E
) and smooth styles (
Fig. 2F
); acanthostyles 120.0–205.5–276.0 × 7.1–14.2–
19.6 µm
with 14–21 spine whorls, styles with plain whorls 164.2– 194.1– 214.4 × 7.5–16.2–
12.9 µm
with 14–17 smooth whorls, smooth styles 136.3–172.3–211.3 × 2.5–4.4–
6.6 µm
.
Distribution
: This is the first report of
Agelas ceylonica sensu
Thomas
from the Andaman province. Its distribution was restricted to the Western Indo-Pacific realm. It has previously been reported from
Sri Lanka
(
Dendy 1905
), South
India
and
Sri Lanka
ecoregion in the West and South
India
shelf province; between the Great Pass and Canal Johny, Cargados Carajos (
Lévi 1961
),
Mahe Island
,
Seychelles
(
Thomas 1981
) in the Western Indian Ocean province; Minicoy Island (
Thomas 1986
),
Maldives
ecoregion in the Central Indian Ocean Islands province.
Remarks:
The specimen examined from the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
differs from the original description in the size of the tubes, colour and the presence of styles as an additional
type
of spicule.
Manconi
et al.
(2016)
summarized that the morphological characters of
Agelas ceylonica
are notably variable especially the growth form and colour. The specimen reported herein has a branching growth form with hollow tubes, which is similar to “slen-der, anastomosing, sub-cylindrical branches” (
Dendy 1905
) and “cavernous endosome” (
Thomas 1981
). The bright orange colour differs from the brown (
Dendy 1905
), pale gray (
Thomas 1981
), and is in agreement with the orange specimen described by
Lévi (1961)
. The presence of smooth styles with plain whorls was not mentioned in the original description (
Dendy 1905
), but found by
Thomas (1981)
when analysing additional specimens. As we found styles with plain whorls, the specimen reported herein is assigned to
Agelas ceylonica sensu
Thomas, 1981
.