Phylogenomic inference of the African tribe Monodoreae (Annonaceae) and taxonomic revision of Dennettia, Uvariodendron and Uvariopsis Author Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-1544 DIADE, Universite de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France & Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458, USA leopauldagallier@gmail.com Author Mbago, Frank M. The Herbarium, Botany Department, Box 35060, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Author Couderc, Marie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-155X DIADE, Universite de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France Author Gaudeul, Myriam Institut de Systematique, Evolution, Biodiversite (ISYEB), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle-CNRS-SU-EPHE-UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, France Author Grall, Aurelie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-4703 Herbaria Basel, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland & Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AE, UK Author Loup, Caroline DIADE, Universite de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France Author Wieringa, Jan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0566-372X Herbier MPU, DCSPH - CC 99010, Universite de Montpellier, 163 rue A. Broussonnet, F- 34090 Montpellier, France Author Sonke, Bonaventure https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-3603 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR, Leiden, Netherlands Author Couvreur, Thomas L. P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-6587 DIADE, Universite de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France text PhytoKeys 2023 2023-09-22 233 1 200 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096 1314-2003-233-1 EB874C2B403C5C42ACE3846B51EE6F22 Uvariopsis bisexualis Verdc., Kew Bull. 41(2): 289 (1986) Figs 51 , 52 Type . Tanzania - Iringa • J.C. Lovett 233 ( holotype : K! (K000199040)) ; Iringa Rural District , Udzungwa Mts. , Sanje ; 7°46'S , 36°54'E ; alt. 1480 m ; 02 Dec. 1983 . Description. Tree ca. 10 m tall, D.B.H unknown; young branches pubescent, old branches glabrous. Petiole 3.5-5 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, sparsely pubescent to glabrous. Leaf lamina 135-152 mm long, 37-48 mm wide, length:width ratio ca. 3, elliptic to oblong, coriaceous, base decurrent, apex attenuate, surface above glabrous, surface below sparsely pubescent to glabrous when young, glabrous when old; midrib impressed above, raised below, glabrous above, sparsely pubescent to glabrous below; secondary veins ca. 12 pairs, weakly brochidodromous, impressed above, raised below; tertiary veins reticulate. Flowers bisexual. Flower buds ovoid to conical. Inflorescences borne on branches, composed of 1 flower. Peduncle inconspicuous. Flower pedicel 12-20 mm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter, pubescent. Bracts 1 at base to towards the lower half of the pedicel, ca. 1 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide. Sepals 2, 1.6-2.5 mm long, 2.2-2.5 mm wide, broadly ovate, free, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, color unknown. Petals 4, 12-14 mm long, 4-8 mm wide, length:width ratio 3-3.5, narrowly ovate, sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, cream outside, cream with red base inside. Stamens numerous (exact number unknown), 0.5-0.7 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm wide, anthers linear, connective prolongation truncate or absent. Carpels 3 to 6, 2-4 mm long, 1-1.4 mm wide, glabrate at base to glabrous, free, ovules 22-24 per ovary, biseriate. Fruits unknown. Figure 51. Uvariopsis bisexualis Verdc A flowering branch B flower bud, side view C sepal, outer view D flower, two petals removed, side view E detail of receptacle, some stamens fallen, side view F stamen, upper view G stamen, lower view H carpel, outer view J carpel, inner view K stigma L longitudinal section of carpel M transversal section of ovary. A-M from Lovett 233 (type). Drawings by Maureen Church, from Verdcourt (1986 ; fig. 3, p. 292), Kew Bulletin 1969 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Distribution. Endemic to Somalia-Masai Region. Known from only one locality in Tanzania: Sanje in the Udzungwa mountains. Habitat and ecology. Montane rain forests. Altitude ca. 1480 m asl. Phenology. Flowers collected in December. Notes. This species resembles Up. congensis , Up. oligocarpa and Up. zenkeri in having elliptic leaves generally less than 16 cm long with decurrent base. It differs from all the other Uvariopsis in having bisexual flowers and less than 6 carpels (vs. more than 10 carpels) (Table 6 ). Figure 52. Distribution map of Uvariopsis bisexualis . Shades of grey represent elevation, from white (sea level) to darker grey (higher elevation). The inset shows the extent of the map over Africa. Table 6. Morphological comparison between Uvariopsis bisexualis , Uvariopsis congensis , Uvariopsis oligocarpa and Uvariopsis zenkeri . In bold: character useful to differentiate the species.

-	Young branches indumentum	Flowers	Carpels number	Fruits
Uvariopsis bisexualis	pubescent	bisexual	3 to 6	unknown
Uvariopsis congensis	sparsely pubescent to glabrous	unisexual	20 to 40	1 to 15 monocarps, cylindrical, smooth to lumpy, strongly constricted between the seeds , glabrate to glabrous , green to orange to red when ripe ( black when dry ), sessile to stipitate with stipe 0-7 mm long
Uvariopsis oligocarpa	glabrous	unisexual	13 to 20	1-3 monocarps , cylindrical, smooth, pubescent to sparsely pubescent , green to yellow to orange when ripe ( orange-brown when dry ), sessile to very shortly stipitate with stipe 0-1 mm long
Uvariopsis zenkeri	densely pubescent to pubescent	unisexual	13 to 22	1-3 monocarps , cylindrical, slightly veined and constricted between the seed when dried, tomentose , brown, subsessile with stipe ca. 1 mm long

Conservation status. This species has been assessed as Endangered EN under criteria B1ab(iii) (Eastern Arc Mountains & Coastal Forests CEPF Plant Assessment Project 2009e). It is known from a single specimen collected more than 30 years ago in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park in Tanzania.