Paratimmus provulvatus gen. nov., sp. nov. (Dorylaimida: Mydonomidae) from natural forests in Arunachal Pradesh, India
Author
Baniyamuddin, M.
Author
Ahmad, Wasim
text
Journal of Natural History
2009
2009-09-11
43
37 - 38
2357
2363
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930903108694
journal article
10.1080/00222930903108694
1464-5262
5217290
Paratimmus provulvatus
gen. nov., sp. nov.
(
Figures 1
,
2
;
Table 1
)
Description
Female.
Body cylindrical, almost straight upon fixation, tapering slightly anterior to base of pharynx, posteriorly ending in long filiform tail. Cuticle smooth, 2–3 µm thick at mid-body and 2.5–3.0 µm on tail. Lateral chord about one-fifth of body width at mid-body. Lateral, dorsal and ventral body pores indistinct. Lip region narrow rounded, continuous, about one-third of body width at neck base and about twice as wide as high. Amphids cup-shaped, their aperture about two-thirds of the lip region width wide. Odontostyle asymmetrical, 0.60–0.66 times lip region width long; its aperture about one-third of its length. Guiding ring thickened, distinctly sclerotized, at 0.42–0.46 times lip region width from anterior end. Odontophore simple, linear, 2.6–2.7 times the odontostyle length. Nerve ring at 46–47% of neck length from anterior end. Anterior part of pharynx very slender; expanded portion surrounded by a thin sheath (not spiral) occupying about 27–29% of total neck length. Cardia elongate, conoid, about half of the corresponding body width long. Pharyngeal gland nuclei located as follows. D = 75–78;
AS
1 = 24–26;
AS
2 = 52–56; PS1 = 69–71; PS2 = 70–74. Genital system monodelphic–opisthodelphic; anterior branch represented by a uterine sac, 1.2–1.8 times corresponding body width long. Posterior branch well developed, still relatively short; ovary reflexed, measuring 48–60 µm with oocyte arranged in single row except near tip. Oviduct joining ovary subterminally, measuring 88–92 µm in length. Sphincter present at oviduct–uterus junction. Uterus an undifferentiated tube, measuring 30–35 µm in length. Vulva a transverse slit. Vagina with thick cuticular walls, about one-half to one-third as wide as corresponding body width deep; pars proximalis vaginae 10–11 µm long with straight walls encircled by circular musculature; pars refringens vaginae absent; pars distalis vaginae measuring 8–9 µm with curved wall. Prerectum 3.0–3.6 anal body widths long. Rectum 1.5–1.6 times anal body width long. Tail long filiform, about 15–22 anal body widths long. Caudal pores two on each side.
Figure 1.
Paratimmus provulvatus
gen. nov., sp. nov.
(A) Entire female, (B) entire male, (C) anterior region, (D) anterior end showing amphid, (E) pharyngeal region, (F) expanded part of pharynx, (G) female genital system, (H) female posterior region, (I) male posterior region, (J) female posterior end, (K) male posterior end.
Figure 2.
Paratimmus provulvatus
gen. nov., sp. nov.
(A) Anterior region, (B) anterior region showing amphid, (C) anterior region showing guiding ring, (D) expanded part of pharynx, (E) vulval region, (F) female posterior region, (G) male posterior region, (H) male posterior region showing spicules, (I) female posterior end, (J) male posterior end. Scale bars: A–H, 20 µm; I, J, 80 µm.
Table 1. Measurements of
Paratimmus provulvatus
gen. nov., sp. nov.
(all measurements in µm).
| Characters |
Holotype |
Paratype females |
Paratype males |
| female |
|
n
|
1 |
5 |
8 |
| L |
1819 |
1897 ± 56 (1818–1962) |
1767 ± 80 (1611–1843) |
| a |
67 |
66.5 ± 4.5 (60–70) |
65.0 ± 6.0 (57.5–75.5) |
| b |
8.8 |
9.4 ± 0.5 (8.5–10.5) |
8.5 ± 0.3 (7.8–8.8) |
| c |
6 |
6.0 ± 0.57 (5.5–6.5) |
6.0 ± 0.5 (5.5–6.5) |
| c′ |
18 |
18.5 ± ±3.0 (15–22) |
15 ± 1.0 (13–16) |
| V |
23 |
23.5 ± 1.0 (22.5–25.0) |
– |
| G1 |
2.35 |
2.5 ± 0.55(1.8–3) |
– |
| G2 |
5.5 |
6.5 ± 0.5 (6–7) |
– |
| Body width at neck base |
24 |
25 ± 1.0 (24–27) |
25.0 ± 1.5 (22 – 27.0) |
| Body width at mid body |
27 |
28.5 ± 1.0 (28.0–30.5) |
27.5 ± 2.0 (26.0–30.5) |
| Body width at anus |
17 |
17.5 ± 1.5 (16.5–19.0) |
20 ± 1.0 (19.0–21.5) |
| Lip region width |
7.5 |
7.5 ± 0.2 (7.0–7.5) |
7.5 ± 0.2 (7.0–7.5) |
| Lip region height |
3.5 |
3.5 ± 0.5 (3–4) |
4.0 ± 0.21 (3.5–4.0) |
| Amphid aperture |
5.5 |
6 ± 0.50 (5.0–6.5) |
5.5 ± 0.39 (5–6) |
| Odontostyle length |
4.8 |
4.7 ± 0.20 (4.5 – 5.0) |
5.25 ± 0.20 (5.0–5.5) |
| Odontophore length |
12.5 |
12.5 ± 0.50 (12–13.5) |
13 ± 0.3 (12.5–13.5) |
| Guiding ring from anterior end |
3.6 |
3.3 ± 0.20 (3.0–3.5) |
3.2 ± 0.15 (3.0–3.5) |
| Nerve ring from anterior end |
104 |
93 ± 5 (88–98) |
96 ± 4.8 (89–102) |
| Neck length |
206 |
201 ± 2.8 (189–209) |
209 ± 5.2 (204–214) |
| Expanded part of pharynx |
62.5 |
57.5 ± 3.8 (51.0–60.5) |
59.5 ± 5.13 (52–67) |
| Cardia length |
14 |
14 ± 0.75 (12.5–14.5) |
9.5 ± 1.55 (8–12) |
| Anterior genital branch |
43 |
46 ± 11.7 (34–56) |
– |
| (uterine sac) |
| Posterior genital branch |
160 |
175 ± 19.1 (160–208) |
– |
| Vaginal depth |
19 |
19 ± 1.31 (17–20) |
– |
| Vulva from anterior end |
419 |
443 ± 12.8 (429–461) |
– |
| Prerectum length |
62 |
56 ± 8.5 (51–66) |
79 ± 7.42 (71–92) |
| Rectum length |
27 |
27 ± 1.9 (26–29) |
35.5 ± 0.9 (34–37) |
| Tail length |
303 |
318 ± 41.2 (276–360) |
297 ± 12.8 (285–305) |
| Spicules |
– |
– |
35.5 ± 1.18 (34–38) |
| Lateral guiding pieces |
– |
– |
12 ± 0.5 (11.0–12.5) |
| Ventromedian supplements |
– |
– |
3–4 |
n
, specimen number; L, body length; a, body length/maximum body width; b, body length/ pharyngeal length; c, body length/tail length; c′, tail length/body width at anus; V, (distance from head end to vulva/body length) × 100; G1, (overall length of anterior genital branch/body length) × 100; G2, (overall length of posterior genital branch/body length) × 100.
Male.
Similar to female in general morphology except more ventrally curved in posterior region because of presence of copulatory muscles. Supplements, an adanal pair and three to four spaced ventromedians. Spicules dorylaimoid, about 1.7 times anal body widths long. Lateral guiding pieces about one-third of spicule length. Prerectum 3.6–4.2 anal body widths long. Tail long filiform, about 13–16 anal body widths long, and with a pair of caudal pores on each side.
Type habitat and locality
Soil around the roots of teak trees (
Tectona grandis
L.
) from natural reserve forest, Bomdilla, district West Kameng,
Arunachal Pradesh
,
India
.
Type specimens
Holotype
female on slide
Paratimmus provulvatus
sp. nov.
/1;
paratype
females and males on slide
Paratimmus provulvatus
sp. nov.
/2–6; deposited in the nematode collection of the Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University,
India
. A
paratype
female and a male deposited at the Laboratory of Nematology, Department de Biologia Animal, Biológia Vegetal y Ecologia, Universidad de Jaen,
Spain
.