Unveiling ancient diversity of long-tailed wasps (Hymenoptera: Megalyridae): new taxa from Cretaceous Kachin and Taimyr ambers and their phylogenetic affinities Author Brazidec, Manuel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0860-8972 Univ Rennes, CNRS, Geosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, 35000, Rennes, France & Institut de Syste ́ matique, E ́ volution, Biodiversite ́ (ISYEB), Muse ́ um national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universite ́, EPHE, Universite ́ des Antilles, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75005 Paris, France & State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China manuel.brazidec@gmail.com Author Vilhelmsen, Lars https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5593-5722 Natural History Museum of Denmark, SCIENCE, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100, Denmark Author Boudinot, Brendon E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4588-0430 Institut fuer Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena, Vor dem Neutor 1, 07743 Jena, Germany & National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10 th & Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC, USA & Senckenberg Gesellschaft fuer Naturforschung und Naturmuseum, Frankfurt am Main, 60325 Germany Author Richter, Adrian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5627-2302 Institut fuer Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena, Vor dem Neutor 1, 07743 Jena, Germany & Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa, Japan Author Hammel, Joerg U. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-6811 Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany Author Perkovsky, Evgeny E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7959-4379 Natural History Museum of Denmark, SCIENCE, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100, Denmark & I. I. Schmalhausen Institut of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, B. Khmelnitskogo 15, Kiev 01030, Ukraine Author Fan, Yong Fushun Amber Institute, Fushun 113005, China Author Wang, Zhen Natural History Museum of Denmark, SCIENCE, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100, Denmark & College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China Author Wu, Qiong Natural History Museum of Denmark, SCIENCE, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100, Denmark & College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China Author Wang, Bo State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China Author Perrichot, Vincent https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7973-0430 Univ Rennes, CNRS, Geosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, 35000, Rennes, France text Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 2024 2024-03-22 82 151 181 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.82.e111148 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.82.e111148 1864-8312-82-151 43AC036E93CC4D79939A07DF54BE1A2D 8D187145BFCA55A1A73960CDE5BD124B 3.1. Subfamily † Megazarinae Perrichot, 2009 stat. nov. Type genus. † Megazar Perrichot, 2009. Diagnosis. Head hypognathous, globular; compound eye oval, not covering head length, without postocular carina; flagellomeres cylindrical, longer than wide; subantennal groove without dorsal carina; mandibles symmetrical, with three or four teeth. Posterolateral margin of pronotum with notch accommodating anterior thoracic spiracle, not surrounding spiracle posteriorly; mesoscutum large, around half length of mesosoma, parapsidal lines present; median mesoscutal sulcus and axillar grooves present, deeply crenulate or smooth. Metasoma elongate. Fore wing hyaline; C, Sc+R, M+Cu, A, Rs+M, cu-a, Cu, Rs and R1 pigmented; costal, radial, first cubital, submarginal, and marginal cells closed by tubular veins. Hind leg stout, metafemur and metatibia swollen; at least either inner margin of metatrochanter, metacoxa, metatibia, or metabasitarsus bearing row of comb-like, thick setae along ventral surface. Genera included. † Cretolyra gen. nov. , † Genkyhag gen. nov. , † Megacoxa gen. nov. , † Megalava Perrichot, 2009 [† Megalavini trib. nov. ]; † Megazar Perrichot, 2009 [† Megazarini Perrichot, 2009]. Stratigraphic extension. Albian to Cenomanian. Comments. The tribe Megazarini Perrichot, 2009 is here elevated to subfamily level, as † Megazarinae stat. nov. based on the results of our phylogenetic analyses. The monophyly of the subfamily is supported by three synapomorphies under parsimony: (1) metatibia and/or metatarsus with comb-like setae along ventral surface (31:1; Fig. 3A ); (2) fore wing Rs+M located posteriorly, with the submarginal cell being at least twice the size of the medial cell (42:1; Fig. 3C ); and (3) fore wing pterostigma absent or reduced (46:0; Fig. 3C ). Within the subfamily, a new tribe is created to accommodate three of the newly described genera and † Megalava . Figure 3. † Cretolyra noijebumensis gen. et sp. nov., holotype male IGR.BU-067, mid-Cretaceous, Kachin amber. A habitus in lateral view; B head and mesosoma in dorsal view; C fore wing; D anterior part of mesosoma in lateral view with structures outlined; E metasoma and posterior part of the mesosoma in lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm ( A , B , C , E ); 0.25 mm ( D ). Abbreviations: AG = inner axillar groove; MeS = mesometapectal sulcus; MMS = median mesoscutal sulcus; OC = occipital carina; PpL = parapsidal line; sp = anterior thoracic spiracle.