<document id="52B92CD81BB6CEBF2ED073E390846976" ID-CLB-Dataset="8839" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434000" ID-ZooBank="09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1610443640918" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene &amp; Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2021" docId="03BF702A9547FF80FDE5FB80762EFB2B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4906.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4906 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synergus nicaraguensis Diaz &amp; Gallardo 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="FF8608529505FFC2FD72FF84736DFE73" masterDocTitle="The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1701082448047" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:title id="03D51F21216BF4B1C52C4C719EFD535D">The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="018B1D2B065B7A85336C763ABAF5AD43">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A0BA9911DFBFC260C425668AEBC5FB1B">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9547FF80FDE5FB8071B7FA6D" blockId="66.[151,730,1027,1054]" box="[151,730,1027,1054]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<heading id="D0E176509547FF80FDE5FB8071B7FA6D" bold="true" box="[151,730,1027,1054]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9547FF80FDE5FB8071B7FA6D" authority="Diaz &amp; Gallardo, 1998" authorityName="Diaz &amp; Gallardo" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,730,1027,1054]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicaraguensis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FDE5FB8071B7FA6D" bold="true" box="[151,730,1027,1054]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FDE5FB8072D4FA6D" bold="true" box="[151,441,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Synergus nicaraguensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80FCB2FB8771B7FA6D" author="Diaz, N. B. &amp; Gallardo, F." box="[448,730,1027,1054]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="41 - 51" refId="ref102595" refString="Diaz, N. B. &amp; Gallardo, F. (1998) Synergus nicaraguensis una nueva especie de agastoparasitoide de la familia Cynipidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). Revista Nicaraguensis Entomologia, 43, 41 - 51." type="journal article" year="1998">Díaz &amp; Gallardo, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9547FF80FDE5FBCD7246FA0C" blockId="66.[151,1437,1097,1152]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9547FF80FDE5FBCD711AFA12" authority="Diaz &amp; Gallardo, 1998" authorityName="Diaz &amp; Gallardo" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,631,1097,1121]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicaraguensis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FDE5FBCD72EAFA12" box="[151,391,1097,1121]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Synergus nicaraguensis</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619547FF80FCFFFBCD711AFA12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422409" box="[397,631,1097,1121]" collectionCode="MEL" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80FCFFFBCD711AFA12" author="Diaz, N. B. &amp; Gallardo, F." box="[397,631,1097,1121]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="41 - 51" refId="ref102595" refString="Diaz, N. B. &amp; Gallardo, F. (1998) Synergus nicaraguensis una nueva especie de agastoparasitoide de la familia Cynipidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). Revista Nicaraguensis Entomologia, 43, 41 - 51." type="journal article" year="1998">Díaz &amp; Gallardo, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Rev. Nica. Entomol. 43: 44. Type material: MEL (
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9547FF80F90AFBCD77BBFA12" box="[1144,1238,1097,1121]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), 
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619547FF80F995FBCD724AFA0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422326" collectionCode="MEL, MLP" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9547FF80F995FBCD7625FA12" box="[1255,1352,1097,1121]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in 
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99547FF80F81AFBCD76F0FA13" box="[1384,1437,1097,1120]" country="Nicaragua" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hd8z-yxxc" name="Museo Entomologico de Leon" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="Museum or Herbarium: Private non-profit">MEL</collectionCode>
and 
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99547FF80FD80FBEC724AFA0C" box="[242,295,1128,1151]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">MLP</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79547FF80FDE5FB297193FABB" box="[151,766,1197,1224]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9547FF80FDE5FB297193FABB" blockId="66.[151,1437,1197,1368]" box="[151,766,1197,1224]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FDE5FB297267FAB4" bold="true" box="[151,266,1197,1223]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. See 
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80FC3AFB2A7197FABB" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. &amp; Medianero, E." box="[328,762,1198,1224]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref104912" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. &amp; Medianero, E. (2011) Taxonomy of inquilines of oak gall wasps of Panama, with description of eight new species of Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Synergini). Zootaxa, 2774 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2774.1.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Nieves-Aldrey &amp; Medianero (2011: 9)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9547FF80FDB5FB557673FA9F" blockId="66.[151,1437,1197,1368]" box="[199,1310,1233,1260]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FDB5FB557234FA98" bold="true" box="[199,345,1233,1259]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Distribution</emphasis>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9547FF80FC15FB5672B7FA9F" box="[359,474,1234,1260]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80FC9BFB567188FA9F" author="Diaz, N. B. &amp; Gallardo, F." box="[489,741,1234,1260]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="41 - 51" refId="ref102595" refString="Diaz, N. B. &amp; Gallardo, F. (1998) Synergus nicaraguensis una nueva especie de agastoparasitoide de la familia Cynipidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). Revista Nicaraguensis Entomologia, 43, 41 - 51." type="journal article" year="1998">Díaz &amp; Gallardo 1998</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9547FF80FE56FB567010FA9F" box="[804,893,1234,1260]" name="Panama" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Panama</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80FEF9FB56767CFA9F" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. &amp; Medianero, E." box="[907,1297,1234,1260]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref104912" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. &amp; Medianero, E. (2011) Taxonomy of inquilines of oak gall wasps of Panama, with description of eight new species of Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Synergini). Zootaxa, 2774 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2774.1.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Nieves-Aldrey &amp; Medianero 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79547FF80FDB5FB71762EFB2B" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9547FF80FDB5FB71762EFB2B" blockId="66.[151,1437,1197,1368]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FDB5FB71724CFB7C" bold="true" box="[199,289,1269,1295]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Biology</emphasis>
. Reared from undetermined stem galls similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9547FF80FE3BFB7370A0FB63" box="[841,973,1271,1296]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Trigonaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FE3BFB7370A0FB63" box="[841,973,1271,1296]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Trigonaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
? 
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FE92FB7277C5FB63" box="[992,1192,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">quercusforticorne</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80F9CAFB72762EFB62" author="Walsh, B. D." box="[1208,1347,1270,1297]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="443 - 500" refId="ref108576" refString="Walsh, B. D. (1864) On dimorphism in the hymenopterous genus Cynips; with an appendix, containing hints for a new classification of Cynipidae and a list of Cynipidae, including descriptions of several new species, inhabiting the oak-galls of Illinois. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 2, 443 - 500." type="journal article" year="1864">Walsh, 1864</bibRefCitation>
) (incertae sedis after 
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80FC46FA9E7128FB47" author="Pujade-Villar, J. &amp; Ferrer-Suay, M. &amp; Cuesta-Porta, V. &amp; Lobato-Vila, I." box="[308,581,1306,1332]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="110" refId="ref106558" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Ferrer-Suay, M., Cuesta-Porta, V. &amp; Lobato-Vila, I. (2018) Does Biorhiza Westwood, 1840 (Hym.: Cynipidae) exist in Mexico? Folia Entomologica Mexicana, Nueva Serie, 4 (3), 110 ‾ 127." type="journal article" year="2018">
Pujade-Villar 
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FCBDFA9F7292FB47" box="[463,511,1306,1332]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
) on 
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9547FF80FF06FA9E719FFB47" box="[628,754,1306,1332]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleoides">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FF06FA9E719FFB47" box="[628,754,1306,1332]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Q. oleoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9547FF80FE46FA9E70CAFB47" box="[820,935,1306,1332]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80FEC6FA9E77DDFB47" author="Diaz, N. B. &amp; Gallardo, F." box="[948,1200,1306,1332]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="41 - 51" refId="ref102595" refString="Diaz, N. B. &amp; Gallardo, F. (1998) Synergus nicaraguensis una nueva especie de agastoparasitoide de la familia Cynipidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea). Revista Nicaraguensis Entomologia, 43, 41 - 51." type="journal article" year="1998">Díaz &amp; Gallardo 1998</bibRefCitation>
); and from stem galls of an undescribed 
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9547FF80FC17FABA729BFB2B" box="[357,502,1342,1368]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Disholcaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FC17FABA729BFB2B" box="[357,502,1342,1368]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Disholcaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species on 
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9547FF80FF0AFABA7068FB2B" box="[632,773,1342,1368]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lancifolia">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9547FF80FF0AFABA7068FB2B" box="[632,773,1342,1368]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Q. lancifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9547FF80FE38FABA70CEFB2B" box="[842,931,1342,1368]" name="Panama" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Panama</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9547FF80FEC3FABA7655FB2B" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. &amp; Medianero, E." box="[945,1336,1342,1368]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref104912" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. &amp; Medianero, E. (2011) Taxonomy of inquilines of oak gall wasps of Panama, with description of eight new species of Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Synergini). Zootaxa, 2774 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2774.1.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Nieves-Aldrey &amp; Medianero 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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