A new genus and eight new species of tail-wagger snails from eastern South Africa, with a key to genera within Sheldonia s. l. (Gastropoda: Urocyclidae)
Author
Herbert, David G.
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2017
2017-04-10
309
1
50
journal article
22144
10.5852/ejt.2017.309
4e7bcd4d-1cdb-45cf-b2c3-54da2466f171
2118-9773
3827189
1E8FE779-D6E7-428E-9538-5E5F8ECFB271
Genus
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
72AF5C89-20EB-44EE-B2F5-6390BD6E0183
Type
species
Selatodryas roseosoma
gen. et sp. nov.
Diagnosis
Shell small, delicate and glossy, periphery at or just below mid-whorl; umbilicus absent, edge of columella lip reflected and slightly thickened with a thin, whitish callus; columella running into axis of coiling rather than fusing with the parietal region; protoconch essentially smooth. Optic tentacles conspicuously dark. Penis long, coiled inside sheath; epiphallus long; caecum elongate, situated just proximal to mid-point of epiphallus, well separated from insertion of penial retractor muscle; penial verge absent; vagina long. Terminal branches of spermatophore spines bluntly bifid; distal portion of spermatophore tail smooth and relatively short.
Etymology
From the Greek ‘σελάτης’, m., a snail, and ‘Δρυάς’, f., a Dryad or forest nymph; in reference to the delicate shell and preferred habitat of these snails. Gender feminine.
Remarks
The morphology of the penis and epiphallus, and the bluntly bifid branch tips of the spermatophore spines of
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
suggest a close relationship with
Sheldonia
s.s.
Similarly, the form of the columella region (complete absence of an umbilicus) is a character shared with some species of
Sheldonia
s.s
.
(such as
S. trotteriana
(Benson, 1848)
,
S. natalensis
(Pfeiffer, 1846)
and
S. cotyledonis
(Benson, 1850))
. However, two characters of
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
set the genus apart from
Sheldonia
s.s.
, namely the smooth protoconch and the short distal portion of the spermatophore tail that lacks a double row of blunt projections.
Preliminary mtDNA data confirm this close relationship, placing the two species of
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
in a well-supported clade sister to, but distinct from
Sheldonia
s.s
.
(
Herbert & Moussalli 2009
).
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
is known only from high altitude forest (Southern Mistbelt). From a biogeographical perspective the ranges of the two genera do not overlap.
Sheldonia
s.s.
occurs over a large part of the Eastern and
Western Cape
, from the Mbhashe River valley west to St Helena Bay, whereas
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
occurs as an almost parapatric isolate to the north-east of
Sheldonia
s.s.
, suggesting that
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
diverged from the ancestral
Sheldonia
stock before
Sheldonia
s.s
.
radiated into the drier regions of the southern
Cape
and Karoo.
The two species of
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
described below differ conspicuously in body coloration and this is reflected in their respective species names. However, the taxonomic value of body colour as a diagnostic character in southern African urocyclid snails must be viewed with caution. A number of species show considerable intra-specific variation in this regard, including
Kerkophorus terrestris
sp. nov.
described above (
Fig. 17
), as well as
Sheldonia monsmaripi
Herbert, 2016
and
S. natalensis
(Pfeiffer, 1846)
. Such colour differences may relate to ecological rather than genetic factors. The above notwithstanding, in the two species of
Selatodryas
gen. nov.
the colour difference is pronounced and geographically consistent, and there are further correlated differences in genital anatomy and spermatophore morphology, providing confirmatory evidence that the two are distinct species.