A revision of the genus Olivancillaria (Mollusca: Olividae) from the southwestern Atlantic Author O, Va L E R I A T E S Author Pastorino, Guido text Zootaxa 2011 2889 1 34 journal article 46845 10.5281/zenodo.207201 104bba85-f85f-4edb-bc76-3467cc30aff5 1175-5326 207201 Olivancillaria vesica ( Gmelin, 1791 ) Figures 6A –E; 7A, B, G Bulla vesica Gmelin, 1791 : 3433 ; Dodge 1955 : 10 . Oliva auricularia . Chenu 1845 : 30 , pl. 31, figs. 5–6 (non Lamarck, 1811 ). Oliva aquatilis Reeve, 1850 : pl. 18, fig. 38. Olivancillaria (Lintricula) vesica . H. Adams & A. Adams 1853: 141, pl. 15, fig. 2a; Fischer 1887 : 598 . Claneophila auricularia . Gray 1858 : 48 . Oliva vescica (sic). Marrat 1871 : 23 , pl. 18, figs. 283–285 (not fig. 280). Oliva (Olivancillaria) auricularia . Tryon 1883 : 90 –91, pl. 36, fig. 93 (non Lamarck, 1811 ). Lintricula auricularia . Marcus & Marcus 1959 : 99 –188, pl. 1, figs. 3–9 (non Lamarck, 1811 ). Olivancillaria auricularia . Burch & Burch 1964 : pl. 7, fig. 8 (non Lamarck, 1811 ); Thomé 1966 : 167 . Olivancillaria vesica vesica . Klappenbach 1966 : 76 ; Rios 1970 : 101 , pl. 31; 1985: 110, pl. 38, fig. 488; Tursch 1988 : 246 ; Rios 1975 : 111 , pl. 33, fig. 469; Rios 1994 : 142 , pl. 46, fig. 611; Borzone & Vargas 1999 : 55 –60; Caetano & Absalão 2002 : 215 –218; Caetano et al . 2003 : 1 –8; Absalão & Pimenta 2005 : 20 , fig. 38; Rios 2009 : 270 , No. 668. Olivancillaria vesica . Carranza & Norbis 2005 : 83 –89. Diagnosis. Shell large (up to 60 mm ), oval-oblong, apex usually not covered by callus; spire medium size; columellar callus thin but distinct; shell grayish with zig-zag light brown axial lines; fasciolar band light brown. Description. Shell large oval-oblong, solid, thick (thickness ~ 1 mm ); surface polished, bright; protoconch usually not covered by columellar callus; teleoconch of four flat whorls; spire of 1 2/3 convex whorl; suture channeled, half covered by columellar callus; aperture elongated, approximately 4/5 of total shell length; outer lip curved; posterior part of columella convex and smooth, with 4–10 anterior oblique folds; externally to those folds there are 2 or 3 pronounced folds parallel to columellar edge; fasciolar band well defined, light brown; posterior groove deep; siphonal channel deep ( Figure 6A –E). Shell ultrastructure as in O . urceus ( Figure 7 D). Radula rachiglossate ( Figure 7A ) as in O . urceus , some specimens with a unique denticle on one side of the lateral rachidian cusp. Siphon short with few papillae of the same size on the distal tip ( Figure 7 G). Egg capsules hemispherical, elevated, flattened and flexible. A suture bisects the capsule in two equal parts. A large operculum (escape-aperture) defined by a groove covers the entire capsule. A single embryo hatches from each capsule. According to Borzone & Vargas (1991) living specimens of Tivela mactroides and T. ventricosa are the most common oviposition substrates at least in the southern Brazil area. Geographic distribution. Iguape ( 13°34’S ; 38°48’W ), Bahia state to Florianópolis 27°35’S ; 48°33’W ), Santa Catarina state, both in Brazil in 0–20 m depth. There is no record of this species outside Brazilian waters. Type material. [ O . vesica ] was not found at the Linnaean Society of London (LSL) where most of the material studied by Linnaeus is housed. [ O . aquatilis ] holotype NHMUK 1892.9.24.20. In order to clarify the taxonomic status of Olivancillaria vesica we designate the specimen MNRJ 18.979, illustrated here ( Figures 6 D–E) as neotype , in agreement with the article 75.3.1–7 of the ICZN , with type locality Maricá, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil . Type locality. [ O . vesica ] and [ O . aquatilis ] both from Brazil . FIGURE 6. A–C, holotype of Oliva aquatilis Reeve, 1850 , NHMUK 1892.9.24.20, from Brazil; D–E, neotype of Olivancillaria vesica (Gmelin, 1791) MNRJ 18.979, from Maricá, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil; F–H, neotype of Olivancillaria auricularia (Lamarck, 1811) MACN-In 38160 from Cassino, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Scale bar = 1 cm. FIGURE 7. A–B, Olivancillaria vesica . A, radula frontal view, scale bar = 100 µm; B, ultrastructure of the shell, scale bar = 200 µm. C–F, Olivancillaria auricularia . C, radula frontal view, scale bar = 100 µm; D, ultrastructure of the shell, scale bar = 500 µm; E, siphon with numerous branched papillae in the distal tip; F, penis; scale bar for E and F = 1 mm. G, O. vesica , siphon with few papillae of the same size, scale bar = 1 mm. H–I, O. auricularia , egg capsules from Cassino, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, scale bar = 500 µm. ol: outer layer; ml: middle layer; il: innermost layer. Other material examined. Brazil . Iguape, Bahia (BA): MNRJ 6905, MZUSP 81401; Caravelas, BA: MZUSP 61340; Cabo de São Tomé , Rio de Janeiro (RJ): MZUSP 34717; Rio das Ostras, RJ: MNRJ 9553; Buzios, RJ: MORG 20998 (intertidal), MNRJ 6910, 8541, MZUSP 80611; Barra da Tijuca, RJ: MZUSP 33532; Cabo Frio, RJ: MNHNM 9593, 9597, MORG 4185, 34197, MNRJ 2759, 2768, 2816, 4184, 4906, 5898, 8615, 14357; RJ: MORG 1056; Arraial do Cabo, RJ: MORG 42998 (intertidal), MZUSP 65715, 65716, 70938, MNRJ 2802; Saquarema, RJ: MNRJ 6246; Maricá, RJ: MNRJ 7812, 7928, NMR 61890; Niterói, RJ: MNRJ 7222, 9692, 14570; Copacabana, RJ: MORG 33897, MNRJ 5899, 8085, 8390, 13114, 13119; Praia de Grumari, RJ: MNRJ 1889, 1890, 6459, 9459, 9511; Ilha Grande, RJ: MNHNM 9592; Caraguatatuba, SP (São Paulo): MZUSP 704; Santos, SP : MORG 13590 (intertidal), 34196; Peruíbe, SP : MORG 10658, 43233 (intertidal); Ilha Comprida, SP : MNHNM 9141; Cananeia, SP : MZUSP 33242; 51196; SP : MNHNM 9154, 9175 ( 20 m ), 9556, MORG 10657, 10824, 10872, MNRJ 14304, Matinhos, PR (Paraná): MZUSP 51160; Guaratuba, PR: MZUSP 51190, 51194; Piçarras, SC (Santa Catarina): MORG 46727, 47753, 50223; Itapema, SC: MORG 18133; Bombinhas, SC: MORG 50742 (intertidal); Campeche, SC: MORG 42889 (intertidal); Pântano do Sul, SC: MNRJ 14347; SC: MNHNM 9596. Remarks. Bulla vesica Gmelin, 1791 was described, in brief and rather vaguely, without any particular feature that easily differentiates from other species of Olivancillaria . However, it refers to the figure of Bonanno, (1684 , fig. 332) a pre-Linnean, unavailable, work. Although this figure is also somewhat imprecise it is possible to appreciate the similarity with Olivancillaria vesica (illustrated here in Figures 6 D–E). Probably, this unclear description plus a poorly defined figure brought confusion throughout history. O . vesica was usually mixed or synonymized by different authors with Oliva auricularia Lamarck, 1811 , which also has neither type material nor original illustration ( e.g. Chenu (1845) and Tryon (1883) grouped O . vesica within O . auricularia ). Reeve (1850: pl. 18, sp. 38) already mentioned this problem and contributed to the general confusion by synonymizing O . auricularia Duclos ( non Lamarck) within Oliva aquatilis . Most of the observed differences in the spire shape between specimens of O . vesica depend on the degree of concealment of it, due to a great variation in the amount of subsequent deposition of CaCO3 on the columellar callus. Marcus & Marcus (1959: pl. 1, figs. 3–9) illustrated the characteristic siphon papillae of O . vesica (as Lintricula auricularia ). This distinctive character of the siphon, and the zig-zag dark axial lines and elongated shape of the shell serve to easily differentiate O . vesica from O . auricularia . Rocha Barreira (2001) also considered Marcus & Marcus’s material as O . vesica .