<document id="5BD79855C4A4AEBD5C31BBE391CCE6C2" ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12442" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14806136" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1738705587382" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Magalhaes, Ivan L F, Brescovit, Antonio D &amp; Santos, Adalberto J" docDate="2017" docId="0381691E27479E2EAD07FA952630DFAA" docLanguage="en" docName="zoj.12442.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 179 (4)" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/083e5fee-6fd2-33e4-bd6d-1dba852239dd/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Sicarius crustosus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="815" masterDocId="FFB8116627779E1EAE7DFFA72219DA44" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny of Sicariidae spiders (Araneae: Haplogynae), with a monograph on Neotropical Sicarius" masterLastPageNumber="864" masterPageNumber="767" pageNumber="815" updateTime="1738706325524" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9BFE10985B62CBE9E48121EAC65BFF81">Phylogeny of Sicariidae spiders (Araneae: Haplogynae), with a monograph on Neotropical Sicarius</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0381691E27479E2EAD07FA952630DFAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14806148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14806148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381691E27479E2EAD07FA952630DFAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381691E27479E2EAD07FA952630DFAA" lastPageNumber="815" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">
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<paragraph id="8B97D80827479E2EAD07FA952727DF03" blockId="48.[890,1342,1325,1352]" box="[890,1342,1325,1352]" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">
<heading id="D0DF6F6427479E2EAD07FA952727DF03" box="[890,1342,1325,1352]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="815" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C28A38B27479E2EAD07FA952727DF03" ID-CoL="4X6W2" authority="(NICOLET, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Nicolet" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[890,1342,1325,1352]" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Sicarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="815" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crustosus">
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A5F927479E2EAAFFFA88272CDF03" author="Nicolet AC" box="[1154,1333,1325,1352]" pageId="48" pageNumber="815" pagination="319 - 543" refId="ref59820" refString="Nicolet AC. 1849. Ar acnidos �. In: Gay C, ed. Historia f � isica y pol � itica de Chile. Paris: Thunot y C � ia, 319-543." type="book chapter" year="1849">
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, 1849
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3328B8327479E2EAD55FAF82630DFAA" pageId="48" pageNumber="815" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B97D80827479E2EAD55FAF82630DFAA" blockId="48.[808,1423,1375,1519]" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">
<figureCitation id="1313C48D27479E2EAD55FAF821D2DF30" box="[808,971,1375,1397]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[166,245,1363,1382]" captionTargetBox="[174,1444,198,1330]" captionTargetId="figure-200@7.[174,1444,198,1330]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electronic microscopy of structures associated to appendages. A, B, Sicarius fumosus (Nicolet, 1849) male, right leg II (IBSP 163716). A, leg tip, retrolateral. B, tibial base, ventral. Note modified setae (top inset) and chemosensory setae (bottom inset). C, D, Sicarius crustosus (Nicolet, 1849), female, right leg II (MACN 30189). C, femur, dorsal surface. D, tibia, prolateral. Arrows to rows of macrosetae (only five out of eight are visible). Notice that only the ventralmost bear longer, spiniform macrosetae. CBM, club-shaped macrosetae; M, tibial macrosetae; S, particle-adhering setae. Scale bars, A–B = 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm; D, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14806142" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14806142/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">Figures 4C, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1313C48D27479E2EADA8FAF821EBDF30" box="[981,1010,1375,1396]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[166,245,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[174,1444,198,1308]" captionTargetId="figure-211@13.[174,1444,198,1308]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Scanning electron microscopy, Sicarius crustosus (Nicolet, 1849), female (MACN 30189), spinnerets, setae removed from the left side. A, spinnerets, ventral view. B, anterior lateral spinnerets, ventro-posterior view. Inset shows detail of putative major ampullate gland spigot. C, posterior median spinnerets, ventro-posterior view. D, posterior lateral spinnerets, ventral view. Ac, aciniform gland spigots; ALS, anterior lateral spinnerets; AT, anal tubercle; MAP, putative major ampullate gland spigot; Pi, piriform gland spigots; PLS, posterior lateral spinnerets; PMS, posterior median spinnerets. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14806158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14806158/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1313C48D27479E2EAD80FAF82654DF30" box="[1021,1101,1375,1397]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="17.[166,245,1700,1719]" captionText="Figure 15. Living Sicarius specimens. A, Sicarius thomisoides Walckenaer, 1847, male from Flamenco, Atacama, Chile (IBSP). B, same species, female from Caleta Los Patos, Caldera, Atacama, Chile (IBSP). C, Sicarius crustosus (Nicolet, 1849), male from Freirina, Atacama, Chile (IBSP 165577). D, same species, female from Lorenzo Peralta, Coquimbo, Chile (IBSP 165584). E, Sicarius fumosus (Nicolet, 1849), female from Conc� on, Valpara�ıso, Chile (IBSP 163713). F, Sicarius lanuginosus (Nicolet, 1849), male from Punta Choros, Coquimbo, Chile (photo by J. Pizarro-Araya) (LEULS). G, Sicarius rugosus (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899) from Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Photo by F. Castellucci. H, Sicarius rupestris (Holmberg, 1881), female from Sierra del Tontal, San Juan, Argentina." pageId="48" pageNumber="815">15C, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1313C48D27479E2EAA2AFAF82691DF31" box="[1111,1160,1375,1397]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="30.[147,226,1733,1752]" captionText="Figure 26. Distribution of Sicarius species. A, Sicarius thomisoides Walckenaer, 1847. B, S. gracilis (Keyserling, 1880) (stars), S. boliviensis sp. nov. (triangles) and S. yurensis Strand, 1908 stat. nov. (circles). C, S. lanuginosus (Nicolet, 1849) (squares), S. fumosus (Nicolet, 1849) (triangles) and S. rupestris (Holmberg, 1881) (circles and stars). Stars show some of the localities where specimens most similar to those from the type locality have been collected. D, S. crustosus (Nicolet, 1849) (triangles), S. levii sp. nov. (circles) and S. mapuche sp. nov. (stars). Xeric formations are highlighted in red (deserts and xeric scrublands), yellow (dry forests) and brown (chaco)." pageId="48" pageNumber="815">26D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1313C48D27479E2EAAEFFAF826DADF30" box="[1170,1219,1375,1396]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="34.[146,225,1231,1250]" captionTargetBox="[153,1423,198,1198]" captionTargetId="figure-321@34.[153,1423,198,1198]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 30. Male Sicarius, sternum in ventral view. A, S. thomisoides Walckenaer, 1847 from Iquique, Chile (IBSP). B, S. yurensis Strand, 1908 stat. nov. from Yura, Peru (AMNH). C, Sicarius levii sp. nov. from Tucuman, Argentina (AMNH). D, Sicarius crustosus (Nicolet, 1849) from Paposo, Chile (AMNH). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14806202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14806202/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">30D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1313C48D27479E2EAAB3FAF826E5DF30" box="[1230,1276,1375,1396]" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="38.[146,225,1676,1695]" captionText="Figure 33. Scanning electron microscopy, female genitalia, digested, ventral view. A–C, Sicarius thomisoides Walckenaer, 1847 (IBSP 163734). A, general view. B, close up, left ventral branch. C, close up, left branches. D–E Sicarius fumosus (Nicolet, 1849) (IBSP 163716). D, general view. E, close up, left branches. F–H, Sicarius peruensis (Keyserling, 1880) (IBSP 162916). F, close up, right ventral branch (note twisted shape). G, general view. H, close up, right pore plate. I, Sicarius mapuche sp. nov. (CAI 3072). J, Sicarius boliviensis sp. nov. (AMNH, from Marquilla, Bolivia). K, Sicarius levii sp. nov. (MACN 30239). Inset showing detail of median branches. L, Sicarius crustosus (Nicolet, 1849) (MACN 30189). PP, pore plate; UE, uterus externus; VB, ventral branch. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (except B, F, H, 0.05 mm)." pageId="48" pageNumber="815">33L</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1313C48D27479E2EAB7BFAF8274FDF30" box="[1286,1366,1375,1396]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="47.[166,245,789,808]" captionTargetBox="[174,1436,198,756]" captionTargetId="figure-1480@47.[174,1436,198,756]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 40. Femur I, dorsal macrosetae, anterior view. A, Sicarius lanuginosus (Nicolet, 1849), male. B, Sicarius fumosus (Nicolet, 1849), male. C, Sicarius crustosus (Nicolet, 1849), male. D, Sicarius crustosus (Nicolet, 1849), female. Note sexual dimorphism in S. crustosus, absent in other species. Scale bar, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14806227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14806227/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">40C, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1313C48D27479E2EAB1CFAF82765DF30" box="[1377,1404,1375,1396]" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="49.[166,245,1785,1804]" captionTargetBox="[212,1444,198,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-940@49.[212,1448,198,1752]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Figure 41. Sicarius crustosus (Nicolet, 1849) from Chile. A–C, male genitalia in prolateral view; D–I, female genitalia, digested. A, Paposo, Antofagasta (AMNH). B, same, cymbium and bulb. C, Paposo, Antofagasta (AMNH). D, Paposo, Antofagasta (AMNH), dorsal. E, same, ventral. F, Rodillo, Atacama (LEULS), dorsal. G, same, ventral. H, Copiapo, Atacama (AMNH), dorsal. I, same, ventral. Abbreviation: VB, ventral branch. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (except A, 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14806229" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14806229/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">41</figureCitation>
<taxonomicName id="4C28A38B27479E2EAD57FADA21A0DFD6" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1847" box="[810,953,1405,1426]" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Sicarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="815" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomisoides">
<emphasis id="B95C041A27479E2EAD57FADA21A0DFD6" box="[810,953,1405,1426]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">Thomisoides</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C28A38B27479E2EADB5FAD92706DFD7" authority="Nicolet, 1849: 355" authorityName="Nicolet" authorityPageNumber="355" authorityYear="1849" box="[968,1311,1405,1427]" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Sicarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="815" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crustosus">
<emphasis id="B95C041A27479E2EADB5FAD9262BDFD7" box="[968,1074,1406,1427]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">crustosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A5F927479E2EAA3CFADA2706DFD7" author="Nicolet AC" box="[1089,1311,1405,1427]" pageId="48" pageNumber="815" pagination="319 - 543" refId="ref59820" refString="Nicolet AC. 1849. Ar acnidos �. In: Gay C, ed. Historia f � isica y pol � itica de Chile. Paris: Thunot y C � ia, 319-543." type="book chapter" year="1849">Nicolet, 1849: 355</bibRefCitation>
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, plate 1, fig. 8. Immature 
<typeStatus id="549366AA27479E2EAD82FA3B2646DFF6" box="[1023,1119,1436,1458]" pageId="48" pageNumber="815" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F33F989827479E2EAACEFA3B26F6DFF6" box="[1203,1263,1436,1458]" name="Chile" pageId="48" pageNumber="815">Chile</collectingCountry>
deposited in MNHN 4157, examined, not found after the Instituto Butantan fire in 2010.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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