Taxonomy and morphology of four “ ophrys-related ” scuticociliates (Protista, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia), with the description of a new genus, Paramesanophrys gen. nov. Author Pan, Xuming B438F4F6-95CD-4E3F-BD95-527616FC27C3 College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China. & School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China. & E-mail: pppppp 206 @ 126. com & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: B 438 F 4 F 6 - 95 CD- 4 E 3 F-BD 95 - 527616 FC 27 C 3 Author Fan, Xinpeng AC458497-30FF-411C-8724-D8297B3BE5EA School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: AC 458497 - 30 FF- 411 C- 8724 - D 8297 B 3 BE 5 EA & Corresponding authors: xpfan @ bio. ecnu. edu. cn (Xinpeng Fan); lh 6666 @ 126. com (Ying Chen) & Zoology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. & E-mail: salfarraj @ hotmail. com & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: BA 12 A 34 C- 2 A 08 - 4493 - 97 DA- 0 BCCF 6 B 7 ED 36 xpfan@bio.ecnu.edu.cn Author Gao, Shan 527DECF1-6523-4213-B33F-1369F8602C02 Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China, and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, China. & E-mail: shangao @ ouc. edu. cn & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 527 DECF 1 - 6523 - 4213 - B 33 F- 1369 F 8602 C 02 Author Chen, Ying 4FB3E509-1D9C-41EA-906A-1F5BCBC6EDD6 College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 4 FB 3 E 509 - 1 D 9 C- 41 EA- 906 A- 1 F 5 BCBC 6 EDD 6 & Corresponding authors: xpfan @ bio. ecnu. edu. cn (Xinpeng Fan); lh 6666 @ 126. com (Ying Chen) xpfan@bio.ecnu.edu.cn text European Journal of Taxonomy 2016 2016-04-18 191 1 18 journal article 21970 10.5852/ejt.2016.191 e000d59d-e80f-4844-a468-5d3b07e48507 2118-9773 3837739 Metanophrys similis Song et al. , 2002 Fig. 7 ; Table 2 This species is reported for the first time from the South China Sea. The morphological and behavioural characteristics of the Zhanjiang population closely resemble those of the Qingdao population; therefore, only the morphometric characterisation and important features are supplied. Fig. 6. Metanophrys sinensis Song & Wilbert, 2000 , in vivo ( A–D, G ) and after protargol ( E–F , I–J ) or silver nitrate ( H ) staining. A . Ventral view of a typical individual. B . Ventral view of another individual; arrowheads mark somatic cilia. C . Ventral view; arrowhead exhibits buccal field. D . Notched pellicle (arrowhead). E . Detailed structure of buccal area. F . Individual in morphogenesis, to show buccal apparatus. G . Ventral view, showing bar-shaped crystal (arrowhead). H . Detail of somatic kinetids. I . D ikinetids of scutica (arrowheads). J . Posterior region; arrowheads show monokinetids of somatic kineties. Abbreviations: M1–3 = membranelles 1, 2 and 3; PM = paroral membrane. Scale bars: A–B = 15 μm. Description of Zhanjiang population Body in vivo about 35–40 × 20–25 µm , plump pyriform, tapering anteriorly and rounded posteriorly, and no apical plate formed ( Fig. 7 A–C). Ventral side almost straight, while dorsal side slightly convex ( Fig. 7A ). Length: width ratio approximately 2: 1 ( Fig. 7 A–C). Buccal field occupies about 40% of total body length, with buccal cilia about 5–8 µm in length. Pellicle thick and strongly notched. Somatic cilia about 7–8 µm long and densely arranged ( Fig. 7D , arrowheads). Single caudal cilium about 15 µm in length ( Fig. 7F ). Extrusomes, about 2 µm in length, arranged in rows between somatic kineties. Endoplasm colourless to greyish and contains abundant food vacuoles ( Fig. 7E ). One large, spherical to ovoid macronucleus centrally located ( Fig. 7C, J ). Contractile vacuole about 5 µm in diameter and caudally positioned near ventral side ( Fig. 7A ). Fig. 7. Metanophrys similis Song et al. , 2002 , in vivo ( A–F ) and after protargol staining ( G–J ). A . Ventral view of a typical individual. B–D . Ventral views of three individuals; arrowheads in D mark somatic cilia. E . Food vacuole (arrow). F . Posterior region; arrow shows caudal cilium. G , I . Ventral views, to show detailed structure of the buccal area. H . Dorsal view; arrow shows monokinetids, arrowhead marks dikinetids. J . Macronucleus. Abbreviations: M1–3 = membranelles 1, 2 and 3; Ma = macronucleus; PM = paroral membrane. Scale bars: A–D = 30 μm. Locomotion by swimming moderately fast, sometimes continuously without pause, or by crawling on substrates. Twelve somatic kineties with dikinetids arranged in approximately anterior half of each row and monokinetids positioned posteriorly ( Fig. 7H ). M1 positioned near apex and comprised of three longitudinal rows of kinetids with six basal bodies each ( Fig. 7G, I ). M2 three-rowed, as long as M1 and also composed of about six basal bodies in each longitudinal row ( Fig. 7G, I ). M3 located close to M2 and normally comprised of three short, parallel arranged rows of basal bodies ( Fig. 7G, I ). PM extends to about anterior third of body ( Fig. 7G ). Scutica, with about 5–7 basal bodies, arranged in long line. Ecological features Salinity 21‰, pH 7.3 and water temperature 26 °C.