Taxonomic Revision And Morphology Of The Trapdoor Spider Genus Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) In Argentina Author Ríos-Tamayo, D. Author Goloboff, P. A. text Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2018 2018-03-20 2018 419 1 84 journal article 0003-0090 Actinopus gerschiapelliarum , sp. nov. Figures 18A–H , 19A–E , 44 TYPE MATERIAL : HOLOTYPE ♂ (MACN-Ar 19835): Buenos Aires. Campana [ 34°10′ S 58°57′ W ], 26 Feb. 1980 , P. Goloboff, 1♂ . PARATYPES : 1♀ , 3 immature (MACN-Ar 36587), Baradero [ 33°48′ S 59°30′ W ], Dec. 1982 , M. Ramírez and P. Goloboff. 15 km N Paso Obligado, 2 Apr. 1983 , E. Maury and P. Goloboff, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 36588). San Pedro [ 33°40′ S 59°39 W ], 9 Nov. 1979 , P. Goloboff, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36589). ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a feminine genitive in plural, dedicated to the arachnologists Rita D. Schiapelli and Berta S. Gerschman de Pikelin, for their contributions to arachnology, both for South America and particularly Argentina . DIAGNOSIS: Males of A. gerschiapelliarum can be distinguished by having prolateral spiniform bristles on trochanter III and dorsal on femora III (fig. 18D). Copulatory bulb with ATA developed and BTA small (fig. 18E–G); Ak not extending to the apex; MRk small, similar to that of A. insignis , A. patagonia , A. casuhati , A. puelche , and A. magna . Rastellum with cusps (fig. 18B), similar to that of A. insignis , A. gerschiapelliarum , A. taragui , A. puelche , and A. palmar . Females can be recognized by the shape and small size of their spermathecae (fig. 19C, D); basally wide, with fundus truncated, dorsally concave with external lobes projected perpendicular to the duct (these are similar to those of A. argenteus and A. casuhati from which A. gerschiapelliarum is distinguished by its smaller size and fewer retrolateral spines on tibia II; see fig. 19B). DESCRIPTION: Holotype male (MACN-Ar 19835, figs. 18A–H): Total length: 9.48. Carapace (fig. 18A): length 2.70, width 2.34. Cephalic region: length 1.44, width 2.34; clypeus small with 1 long bristle and 6 smaller ones on both sides, 6 bristles between PME and 3 behind each PME-PLE dyad, 5 on each side of the OQ, and a larger central one. Fovea: length 0.36, width 0.72. Eyes, diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08 (small), ALE 0.20, PME 0.12, PLE 0.08, OQ length 0.48, anterior width 1.28, posterior width 1.16; AME-ALE 0.32, PME- PLE 0.04, AME-PME 0.20, ALE-PLE 0.24, AME- AME 0.16. Chelicerae (fig. 18B): length 1.60, width 0.60; cheliceral apex with 8 recumbent and elongated bristles that cover the base of the fang; rastellum with 5 large marginal cusps and dorsal bristles; furrow with 5 large promarginal teeth and 5 retromarginal and 5 serial denticles, near the promarginal teeth. Labium: length 0.52, width 0.56, labiosternal suture slightly marked. Maxillae: anterior length 0.72, posterior length 1.14, width 0.80. Sternum (fig. 18H): Center flat; length 2.00, maximum width 1.60, minimum width 0.54. Postlabial sigillum shallow, posterior sigilla well defined. Abdomen: length 3.78, covered by bristles, longer on dorsum. PMS: length 0.48 PLS: length of basal:medial:apical segments 0.60:0.30:0.18. Spigots: 1 large, 9 small on PMS; PLS, numbers of large(small) spigots on basal:medial:apical article 2(21):2(25):3(32). Lengths of legs and palp: I: 3.00, 1.20, 1.80, 2.20, 1.44, 9.64. II: 2.80, 1.20, 1.72, 2.20, 1.40, 9.32. III: 2.00, 1.12, 1.24, 2.08, 1.40, 7.84. IV: 2.80, 1.28, 2.20, 2.40, 1.60, 10.28. Palp: 3.40, 1.60, 3.20, –, 0.84, 9.04. FIGURE 18. Actinopus gerschiapelliarum , sp. nov. , male holotype (MACN-Ar 19835). A , carapace. B , chelicerae. C , pedipalp. D , femur and coxa III, dorsal, showing spiniform bristles. E–G , copulatory bulb, three different views. H , sternum. Scale bars = 1 mm. Chaetotaxy: Trochanter: III, 1 P INF, 1 P SUP; I-IV, 0. Femora: III, 1-2-2-2-1 D; I-IV, 0. Patellae: I, 1 V POST; II, 1 V POST; III, 9 P SUP-D ANT +8 on the margin, 1 D B, 2 R A +5 on the margin; IV, 25 P SUP-D ANT with 4 near the edge. Tibiae: I, 1-1-1-2 R INF, 1-1-1-2-2-4 V; II, 1-1-2- 2-2-2-4-2-1 R INF, 1-2-1-1-2-3 V; III, 1-1-1 P, 1 D B, with a crown of 14 thorns, 2-2-3 R (1:2 A), 3-2-2 V; IV, 1-2-1-4 V. Metatarsi: I, 1-1-1-2 P INF, 2-3-5-2-1-2-3-4 V; II, 1-2-1-1-2-2-2 R INF, 3-3-2-1-1-1-2-3 V; III; 1-1-1-3 D POST, 1-1-1-1 D ANT, 1-1-3-2-2-4 V; IV, 1-1-1-1-2 P INF, 2-2- 2-4 V. Tarsi: I, 1-1-1-1-1-1-1 P INF, 2-1-2-2-3-3- 2-3 R INF, 1-2-2-0-2-1 V; II, 2-1-2-2-1 P INF, 3-2-2-2-2-2-4-1-2-2 R INF, 1-1-1-1 V; III, 1-1-1- 2-5 P INF (3:4 A), 1-2-1-4-1-2-1-1 R INF (3:4 A); IV, 2-2-3-3-5 P INF, 1 V A, 1-1-1-1-1-1-1 R INF. Total number of retrolateral spines on tibiae I and II: 5 and 17 respectively. Palp: Tibiae long and slender (width/length: 0.28±0.01) (fig. 18C). Bulb short, with ATA developed, BTA small, embolus with MRk small (fig. 18E–G) and a series of denticles at the base. Pseudoscopula: Tarsi: I-II, sparse (uniformly distributed throughout the segment); III-IV, dense and uniform. Metatarsi: without pseudoscopula. Trichobothria: Tibiae: I 2-4; II 3-4; III 3-3; IV 4-5. Metatarsi: I 7; II 8; III 7; IV 5. Tarsi: I 6; II 8; III 7; IV 6. Color: Carapace and chelicerae light reddish brown. Abdomen light brown, booklungs with dark markings. Sternum, labium, and maxillae brown yellowish. Spinnerets yellowish. Legs like carapace with tarsi-metatarsi-tibiae lighter. Paratype female (MACN-Ar 36587, fig. 19A– E): Total length: 14.88. Carapace (fig. 19A): length 3.90, width 3.72; 16 bristles on each posterior mar- gin. Cephalic region: length 2.34, width 3.18; clypeus small with 16 small bristles, chilum with 9 bristles; 11 between PME and 6 bristles behind each PME-PLE dyad, 8 bristles on both sides of the OQ, one larger central. Fovea: narrow and short: length 0.52, width 1.20. Eyes, diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.32, PME 0.12, PLE 0.20, OQ length 0.64, anterior width 1.84, posterior width 1.68; AME-ALE 0.48, PME-PLE 0.12, AME- PME 0.24, ALE-PLE 0.32, AME-AME 0.20. Chelicerae: Length 1.98, width 1.38; chelicerae apex with 10 recumbent and elongated bristles covering the base of the fang. Rastellum with 8 marginal, blunt cusps, and 8 small dorsal ones. Fang groove with 5 promarginal teeth and 6 retromarginal ones (a small one between 5th-6th) and 9 denticles in the furrow, near the promargin. Labium: length 1.00, width 0.80, 8 anterior cuspules. Maxillae: anterior length 1.14, 1.50 posterior length, width 1.16, with +65/80 cuspules 1:3 V ANT, extending to the anterior face. Sternum (fig. 19E): Center flat; length 2.80, maximum width 2.48, minimum width 0.72. Postlabial sigillum deep, posterior sigilla shallow and well defined. Abdomen: Length 8.40, globose, large, covered with bristles, larger in the dorsum. PMS: length 0.52; PLS: length of basal:medial:apical segments 0.68:0.36:0.20. Spigots: 2 large, 14 small on PMS; PLS, numbers of large(small) spigots on basal:medial:apical article 2(18): 3(30):2(42). Lengths of legs and palp: I: 2.40, 1.56, 1.00, 1.40, 0.72, 7.08. II: 2.40, 1.56, 1.00, 1.48, 0.72, 7.16. III: FIGURE 19. Actinopus gerschiapelliarum , sp. nov. , female paratype (MACN-Ar 36587). A , carapace. B , tibia II, retrolateral. C–D , spermathecae: C , Baradero. D , San Pedro. E , sternum. Scale bars = 1 mm. 2.40, 1.72, 0.80, 1.68, 0.72, 7.32. IV: 3.00, 1.72, 1.68, 1.80, 0.68, 8.88. Palp: 2.20, 1.52, 1.60, –, 1.60, 6.92. Chaetotaxy: Femora: 0. Patellae: I-II, 0; III; 5 P (1:2 A) +9 on the margin, 17 R (1:2 A) +12 on the margin; IV, 47 P; palp, 1-1- 1 P. Tibiae : I, 1/4 R INF (1:3 A), 1-1 V POST ; II, 48 R, 1-1-1 V POST; III, 1 D B, with apical crown of 20 thorns and 2 apical (at the apex, anterior to the crown), 36 R; IV, 0; palp, 7 P INF, 9 R INF, 1-1 V POST. Metatarsi: I, 14 P INF, 7 R INF, 1-1-2 V POST; II, 6 P INF, 5 R INF, 1-1-2 V POST; III, 3-1-1-1-1-1-2 D ANT, 32 on row D POST-R (more abundant R A), 8 smalls D B, 2 V A; IV , 10 P (3:4 A), 1 D A ANT, 2 V A. Tarsi : I, 8 P INF , 10 R INF , 1 V A ; II, 10 P INF, 12 R INF, 1 V A; III, 17 R, 32 V-P; IV, 48 V-P; palp, 13 P INF , 13 R INF , 2 V A. Total number of retrolateral spines on tibiae I and II (fig. 19B): 1/4 and 48 respectively. Trichobothria : Tibiae : I 4-5 ; II-III 3-6; IV 4-4 . Metatarsi : I-II 9 ; III 8 ; IV 6 . Tarsi : I-II 8 ; III-IV 6. Color : Carapace reddish brown, chelicerae darker. Abdomen light brown, booklungs with dark markings. Spinnerets yellowish. Sternum yellowish ; labium, and maxillae darker. Legs like carapace . DISTRIBUTION: ARGENTINA . Córdoba , north of Buenos Aires , south of Santa Fe and north of La Pampa . URUGUAY . Province of Canelones . OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: ARGENTINA . Buenos Aires : 15 km N Puerto Obligado [ 33°30′ S 59°55′ W ], 2 Apr. 1983 , A. Zanetic and P. Goloboff, 2♀ (MACN-Ar 27107 and 28407). Vuelta de Obligado [ 33°36′ S 59°49′ W ], 21 Sep. 1980 , P. Goloboff , 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36590). Atucha, F.C . Mitre [ 33°58′ S 59°12′ W ], 1 Nov. 1981 , A. Zanetic and P. Goloboff , 2♀ (MACN-Ar 36591). Jun. 1985 , C. Szumik and P. Goloboff , 1♀ . 27 Jul. 1984 , P. Goloboff and M. Ramírez , 1♀ (MACN-Ar 28411). Puerto Obligado [ 33°36′ S 59°49′ W ], 19 Mar. 1983 , A. Zanetic and P. Goloboff , 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36593). Entre Otamendi y Campana, 20 Sep. 1982 , P. Goloboff , 1♀ , 3 immature (MACN-Ar 36594). San Pedro [ 33°40′ S 59°39′ W ], 18 Nov. 1979 , P. Goloboff 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36595). 9 Nov. 1979 , P. Goloboff , 3♀ (each one in a different vial) (MACN-Ar 36596–36598 respectively). 17 Nov. 1979 , P. Goloboff , 2♀ (in two different vials) (MACN-Ar 36599–36600 respectively). Las Palmas [ 34°3′ S 59°8′ W ], 2 Nov. 1980 , A. Zanetic and P. Goloboff , 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36601). Baradero [ 33°48′ S 59°30′ W ], Feb. 1938 , Dad. S. Viloga , Dol. Castillo, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 2041). Santa Fe: Fighiera (cerca de Arroyo Seco ) [ 33°11′ S 60°28′ W ], 15 Aug. 1981 , A. Zanetic and P. Goloboff , 1♀ (MACN-Ar 36602). Florida [ 32°55′ S 60°39′ W ], Oct. 1959 , no collector, 2♀ (MACN-Ar 28420). Córdoba : Calamuchita, El Sauce [ 32°16′ S 64°37′ W ], Dec. 1938 , J. Viana , 1♂ (MACN-Ar 36603). La falda [ 31°5′ S 64°28′ W ], Mar. 1951 , J. Viana , 1♂ (MACN-Ar 36604). Interior de Hogar (no data), Jan. 2011 , Mansilla, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 36605). Sierra de Córdoba [ 31°30′ S 64°59′ W ], Jan. 1943 , (no collector), 2♀ (MACN-Ar 36606). La Pampa : General Pico [ 35°39′ S 63°45′ W ], 17 Apr. 1951 , Williamson , 1♂ (MACN-Ar 36607). Santiago del Estero : locality and collector illegible, Mar. 1963 , 1♂ (MACN-Ar 36608). URUGUAY . Canelones , Parque Roosevelt , 30 Mar. 1972 , O. Trujillo- Cenoz , 1♂ ( MNHN 275 ) ; same data, 22 Apr. 1979 , J. Blengini , 1♂ ( MNHN 1319 ) . COMMENTS: The specimens MACN-Ar 28420 ( Florida , Santa Fe) are considered to belong to this species. One of them is in poor condition. They differ in the shape of the sternum and spermathecae, their larger size, and the sternal sigilla reaching the center of the sternum. In the absence of additional specimens, we prefer to be conservative and consider these exemplars conspecific with A. gerschiapelliarum . Also, despite the distance, the specimen MACN-Ar 36608 (Santiago del Estero, no further data) is considered to belong to this species, because of the similarity in the rastellum cusps, leg color, booklung markings, and morphology of the copulatory bulb. The specimens of Uruguay have only metatarsi-tarsi lighter, different from those of Argentinean specimens of A. gerschiapelliarum (with lighter tibiae-metatarsi-tarsi), but are similar in other characters.