On the peristomes of the corticolous African species of Fissidens Hedw. (Fissidentaceae, Bryophyta)
Author
Bruggeman-Nannenga, Maria Alida
Griffensteijnseplein 23 NL- 3703 BE Zeist (The Netherlands)
text
Cryptogamie, Bryologie
2022
2022-03-24
20
2
9
36
http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a2
journal article
10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a2
1776-0992
12215089
Fissidens diaphanodontus
(P. de la Varde) Bizot
(
Fig. 6
)
Fissidens diaphanodontus
is characterized by oblong-lanceolate leaves with broadly acute to rounded, obtuse often apiculate apex, conicomammillose laminal cells, limbidia limited to the upper leaves of perichaetial stems and short costae ending 2-11 cells below the apex. Growing between mosses and liverworts on bark of trees.
FIG
. 3. —
Fissidens arboricola
Brugg.
-Nann.
A
,
B
, deeply divided peristome teeth;
C
,
D
, completely divided peristome teeth.
A
, OPL, in the background spiral filaments;
B
, IPL of two teeth with high, close horizontal to oblique ridges (“spiral”);
C
, OPL, the trabeculae are recognizable as thin lines, lamellar ornamentation of close oblique ridges;
D
, IPL basal and mid part with high, close oblique ridges.
A
,
B
from Madagascar, Toamasina, Analamazotra Forest Station,
Brinda 12240
(type MO, L);
C
,
D
from Madagascar, Tulear, Forêt d’Analamaro,
ALR-237
, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga. Scale bar: 20 µm.
FIG
. 4. — Peristome of
Fissidens aristifer
Brugg.
-Nann.
A
, spores germinating in capsule;
B
, IPl of undivided part showing papillose trabeculae and ±smooth lamellae; more distally the high, oblique ornamentation of the filament is seen;
C
, side view showing double protruding trabeculae (on the left) and vertical walls of the OPL;
D
, detail of F showing delicate vertical lamellar ornamentation of the OPL;
E
, filaments, in the left filament the border between IPl and OPl clearly visible;
F
, OPL of two teeth.
A
,
C
from La Réunion, Jacques Payet, Sentier du Volcan,
Arts RÉU 153/30
, BR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga;
B
,
D -F
from type: Madagascar, Ambatofitorahana,
Onraedt 70.M.0453,
BR: BR-BRY 238507 – 81. Scale bars: B, E, F, 20 µm; C, D, 10 µm.
FIG
. 5. —
Fissidens cyathaeicola
Brugg.
-Nann.
A
, OPL of two teeth. The left tooth with rudimentary filament on the right;
B
, IPL of three teeth, all with rudimentary second filament;
C
, IPL of basal part of tooth with rudimentary filament (RF). Note the transparent OPL that is wider and thinner than the IPL;
D
, mid part of tooth in side view, on the left IPL of second tooth;
E
, capsule;
F
, OPL of distal filament. All from holotype, La Réunion, Forêt de Bélouve,
Bruggeman-Nannenga 11044
, L, REU. Scale bars: A-D, F, 20 µm; E, 0.5 mm.
Peristome
Straightening when moistened, erect to slightly curved inwards, stiff, undivided, up to 100 µm long. This characteristic peristome is easily recognized by its unique fenestrate appearance.
Ornamentation
OPL with basal five or six cells fenestrate with strongly papillose trabeculae and vertical walls surrounding the smooth lamellae,
more distally the trabeculae and vertical walls become indistinct and the lamellae densely papillose or with indistinct oblique ridges; basal six to nine IPL cells like the basal OPL cells but more coarsely papillose, distal part densely papillose. OPL and IPL thin, IPL slightly thinner than the OPL (
Fig. 6F
).
Sporophyte
Seta
1.4 mm
long, ± smooth; capsule cylindrical, 0.5- 0.55 ×
0.2 mm
with exothecial cell columns ± 32, the cells oblong with thickened vertical walls, operculum not observed, spores 13.5-17.5 × 12.0-16.0 µm, papillose.
FIG
. 6. —
Fissidens diaphanodontus
(P.de la Varde) Bizot.
A
-C
, OPL;
C
, SEM photograph;
D
,
E
, IPL;
D
, with OPL in foreground;
E1
, distal filaments;
E2
, basal cells;
F
, side view of tooth;
G
, moist capsule with erect peristome teeth.
A
,
B
,
G
from Guinea, Nzérékoré Region, Macenta Prefecture,
Lisowski 100
, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga,KRAM;
C
from Inoue,Bryoph.Sel.Exsic.580,L;
D -F
from Tanzania,
Pócs 6387/Q
, PC;
C
previously published in
Bruggeman-Nannenga & Berendsen1990
. Scale bars: A, D-F, 20 µm; B, 25 µm; C, 10 µm; E1-2, 20 µm; G, 0.5 mm.
FIG
. 7. —
Fissidens gardneri
Mitt.
A
, OPL
of undivided part of two teeth (left one broken off);
B
, side view of tooth;
C
, IPL lamellae with focus below the papillose surface to show the incrassate platelets;
D
, as C with focus on the papillose outer surface;
E -H
, same tooth at different levels;
E
, undivided part and bifurcation, or rather trifurcation with focus on the transparent OPL,the underlaying IPL is clearly visible;
F
, photo E with OPL cells outlined to show the single column of OPL cells;
G
, focus on IPL;
H
, photo G with IPL cells outlined to show the two columns with the zigzag border line.
A -D
from Tanzania,WSW of Morogoro town,
Pócs 87041/R
, EGR, private herbarium Bruggeman-Nannenga;
E -H
from Madagascar, Fianarantsoa,
Magill
&
Crosby 12919
, MO. Scale bars: 20 µm.
Description and illustration
Bruggeman-Nannenga & Berendsen (1990
: fig. 5b);
Potier de la Varde (1951
: fig. 2).