Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories
Author
Guglielmone, Alberto A.
0000-0001-5430-2889
guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar
Author
Nava, Santiago
0000-0001-7791-4239
nava.santiago@inta.gob.ar
Author
Robbins, Richard G.
0000-0003-2443-5271
robbinsrg@si.edu
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-03-07
5251
1
1
274
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1
journal article
235222
10.11646/zootaxa.5251.1.1
43227427-a867-4744-9e4c-2b2302524890
1175-5326
7704190
3326BF76-A2FB-4244-BA4C-D0AF81F55637
67.
Amblyomma latum
Koch, 1844a
.
Afrotropical: 1)
Angola
, 2)
Benin
, 3)
Botswana
, 4)
Burkina Faso
, 5)
Burundi
, 6)
Cameroon
, 7)
Central African Republic
, 8)
Chad
(south), 10)
Congo
, 11)
Democratic Republic of the Congo
, 12)
Eswatini
, 13)
Ethiopia
, 14)
Ghana
, 15)
Guinea
, 16)
Guinea-Bissau
, 17)
Ivory Coast
, 18)
Kenya
, 19)
Liberia
, 20)
Malawi
, 21)
Mali
(south), 22)
Mozambique
, 23)
Namibia
, 24)
Niger
(south), 25)
Nigeria
, 26)
Rwanda
, 27)
Saudi Arabia
(south), 28)
Senegal
, 29)
Sierra Leone
, 30)
South Africa
, 31)
South Sudan
, 32)
Sudan
, 33)
Tanzania
, 34)
Togo
, 35)
Uganda
, 36)
Yemen
, 37)
Zambia
, 38)
Zimbabwe
(
Hoogstraal 1956a
,
Morel & Magimel 1959
,
Lamontellerie 1960
,
Aeschlimann 1967
,
Yeoman & Walker 1967
,
Kaufman 1972
,
Walker 1974
, Hoogstraal
et al.
1981,
Keirans 1985
b
, Matthysse & Colbo 1987,
Konstantinov
et al.
1990
,
Tandon 1991
,
Santos Dias 1993
b
, Terenius
et al.
2000,
Morel 2003
,
Ntiamoa-Baidu
et al.
2004
,
Al-Khalifa
et al.
2006
,
Burridge 2011
,
ElGhali & Hassan 2012
,
Uilenberg
et al.
2013
,
Horak
et al.
2018
).
Most records of
Amblyomma latum
have been published under the name
Aponomma latum
, and to a lesser extent
Aponomma ochraceum
.
The presence of this tick in
Egypt
, as discussed by
Kaufman (1972)
, is based on a larva collected in
Cairo
, and
Afghanistan
is also included within the range of
Amblyomma latum
, based on
two larvae
collected in that country (
Santos Dias 1961b
, under the former genus
Aponomma
), while
Carvalho
et al.
(2016)
field collected an alleged adult of
Amblyomma latum
in
Spain
. However, we feel that these records require confirmation before
Egypt
,
Afghanistan
and
Spain
can be included within the geographic distribution of
Amblyomma latum
.
Ali
et al.
(2019)
recorded
Amblyomma latum
from
Pakistan
, but the senior author of the paper, Abid Ali, in a personal communication to Alberto A. Guglielmone, stated that
the ticks
were imported from Africa.
Aponomma laeve
, a name treated as
incertae sedis
in
Guglielmone & Nava (2014)
, was described by
Neumann (1899)
from ticks allegedly collected in southern South America, but
Lahille (1905)
stated that the geographic data for this collection were incorrect.
Kaufman (1972)
and
Camicas
et al.
(1998)
regarded
Aponomma laeve
as a synonym of
Aponomma latum
.
Sharif (1928)
and
Ghosh
et al.
(2007)
treated
Aponomma laeve
as established in
India
. This may indicate the presence of
Amblyomma latum
in the Oriental Region, but all these records are regarded here as doubtful.
Guglielmone
et al.
(2014) stated that
Amblyomma latum
is probably the tick most commonly introduced to many countries via the international reptile trade, as demonstrated by the large number of papers from different parts of the world describing this situation. Eventually, these numerous introductions may result in
Amblyomma latum
becoming established outside the Afrotropical Zoogeographic
Region
.