New species of Australian arid zone chelonine wasps from the genera Phanerotoma and Ascogaster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) informed by the ‘ Bush Blitz’ surveys of national reserves Author Kittel, Rebecca N. Author Austin, Andrew D. text Journal of Natural History 2015 2015-07-31 50 211 262 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2015.1074747 journal article 21297 10.1080/00222933.2015.1074747 eadd473a-210b-4c1f-a99d-0eb373d15b12 1464-5262 3983279 054A948A-5B2F-4A23-BC77-A8F9239094C0 Phanerotoma nigriscapulata sp. nov. ( Figures 13a – d , 16 ) Description Body measurements. Length of body 2.15 – 4.0 mm females, 2.4 – 4.1 mm males; ratio of antenna to body 0.6 in females, 0.76 – 0.86 in males; ratio of length of fore wing to body 0.9 in females, 0.8 in males; ratio of length of metasoma to mesosoma 1.0 – 1.2. Head. Ratio of length of third antennomere to fourth 1.0 – 1.4; ratio of length of third, fourth, penultimate and terminal antennomere 2.5 – 3.6, 2.0 – 3.2, 1.3 – 2.0 and 2.0 – 2.7 times their width, respectively; ratio of length of eye in dorsal view to length of temple 2.5 – 2.7; ratio of width of face in anterior view to its height 1.6 – 1.8; ratio of width of clypeus to its height 1.5 – 1.9; clypeus with two teeth; ratio of length of malar space to base of mandible 0.8 – 1.4 in females, 0.5 – 0.8 in males; face, vertex and frons rugose; ratio posterior ocelli:LOL:POL:OOL 1.0:0.6 – 1.3:0.6 – 1.2:2.0 – 3.0. Mesosoma. Middle lobe of mesoscutum rugose; notauli absent; mesoscutellum rugose; mesopleuron rugose; precoxal sulcus present; ratio of height of mesosoma to its length 1.8 – 2.0; propodeal tubercles present but small; blister on mid tibia present; ratio of length of hind tibia to hind tarsus 1.0 – 1.1; ratio of length of posterior spur to length of basal tarsus 0.4 – 0.5; ratio of hind coxa, hind femur, hind tibia and hind tarsus 2.4 – 2.5, 3.3 – 4.4, 4.0 – 5.0 and 13.0 – 18.0 times their width, respectively; fore wing: 2-R1 absent; ratio of length of 1-R1 to length of pterostigma 1.0 – 1.2; ratio of width of pterostigma to its length 3.0 – 3.6; ratio r:3-SR:SR-1:r-m 1.0:0.6 – 1.4:5.5:0.8 – 1.3; 1-SR+M emanating from base of parastigma; 2-SR+M interstitial or postfurcal. Metasoma. Shape of metasoma oval in dorsal view; ratio of width of metasoma to its length 0.6; carapace flat in lateral view; ratio of keel to length of metasoma 0.15 – 0.2; carapace longitudinal sculptured; both sutures straight; posterior end of carapace not indented; ratio of the three metasomal tergites 1.0:0.9 – 1.0:1.2. Colour. Head orange with reddish brown face and temple; antenna brown; interocellar area dark; metasoma dark reddish brown; with middle lobe of mesoscutum dark orange; first tergite of carapace beige, second and third gradually darker, reddish brown; wing venation, parastigma and pterostigma brown. Diagnosis This species differs from all other species by not having an indented carapace on the posterior end, in its sculpturing, and by having a unique colour pattern where the scapula is black and the mesoscutum is light brown forming an ‘ M ’ . Specimens examined Holotype , Australia ( South Australia ) : 1 ♀ , “ 27 October 2010 , Bon Bon Station , 30° 25 ʹ 29 ″ S , 135°28 ʹ 41 ″ E , R. Kittel , LT ” ( SAM ) . Paratypes , Australia ( Northern Territory ) : 1 ♂ , 30 km NWbyW of Alice Springs , 23.35°S , 133.38°E , 7 October 1978 , J .C. Cardale , ex ethanol ( ANIC ); 1 ♀ , Mt Weht , Soudan , Narkly Tableland , 17 August 1960 , E .M. Exley ( QM ) ; South Australia : 1 ♀ , Waite Campus , Arboretum , UofA, Urrbrae , 1 – 20 .March 2002, N. Stevens ( WINC ); 1 ♀ , Bon Bon Stn , 30°25 ʹ 29 ″ S , 135°28 ʹ 41 ″ E , 26 October 2010 , S . Mantel, LT ; Bush Blitz survey SM164 under Acacia aneura ( SAM ) ; Western Australia : 1 ♀ , Capel , Bussell Hwy , 33°33.323'S , 115°33.073'E , 31 October 2011 , G . Taylor ( WINC ); 1 ♀ , 60 km W Esperance , South Coast Hwy , Lort River Bridge , 33°44.630'S , 121°15.375'E , 6 November 2011 , G . Taylor , Swept Acacia sp. ( WINC ) ; 2 ♀♀ , 5 km SE of Tambellup , Toolbrunup Rd , 34°04.301'S , 117°40.789'E , 10 November 2011 , R . Kittel and L. Krieger sweeping ( WAM SF 008307 – 11 ) . Other material, Australia ( Australian Capital Territory ) : 1 ♂ , Canberra , 15 January 1979 , N .J. Short , MT ( ANIC ) ; New South Wales : 1 ♂ , 5 mi S Mendooran , 17 March 1972 , G . Daniels , MVL ( AMS K358071 ); 2 ♂♂ , Nyngan dist, 1 – 9 February 1960 , T .E. Woodward ( QM ); 1 ♀ , Rainforest Iluka Clarence R , 24 November 1970 , D .K. McAlpine , MVL ( AMS K351901 ) ; Northern Territory : 6 ♀♀ , 30 km NWbyW of Alice Springs , 23.32S , 133.38E , 7 October 1978 , J .C. Cardale , ex ethanol ( ANIC ); 1 ♀ , 35 km S The Granite Mine Tanami Desert , 20.51S , 130.16°E , 29 October – 2 November 1988 , D .C.F. Rentz Stop T-9 ( ANIC ); 1 ♀ , East Point , 13 May 1981 , D .P.A. Sands , ex Hibiscus tilaceus ( ANIC ); 1 ♂ , Yuendumu , February 1968 ( ANIC ) ; Queensland : 1 ♀ , Cockatoo Ck Xing , 17 km NW Heathlands , 11.39°S , 142.27°E , 15 – 26 January 1992 , I .D. Naumann and T. Weir, LT ( ANIC ); 1 ♀ , Bertie Ck Xing , 12 km SW Heathlands , 11.50°S , 142.30°E , 15 – 26 January 1992 , I .D. Naumann and T. Weir, LT ( ANIC ); 1 ♀ , Batavia Downs , 12.41°S , 142.41°E , 22 – 23 July 1992 , J .C. Cardale and P. Zborowski, LT ( ANIC ); 1 ♀ , Wenlock R Crossing , Portland Roads Road , 13.06°S , 142.56°E , 17 July 1986 , J .C. Cardale, at MVL (ANIC); 1 ♀ , 1 km N of Rounded Hill, 15.17°S , 145.13°E , 5 – 7 May 1981 , I.D. Naumann, ex ethanol (ANIC); 1 ♀ , 1 ♂ , 8 km SEbyE Musselbrook Camp, 18.38°S , 138.11°E , 11 May 1995 , I.D. Naumann, LT (ANIC); 3 ♀♀ , 10 km SE Musselbrook Camp, 18.39°S , 138.12°E , 13 May 1995 , I.D. Naumann, LT (ANIC); 1 ♂ , 16 km SEE Musselbrook Camp, 18.44°S , 138.12°E , 18 May 1995 , I.D. Naumann, LT (ANIC); 1 ♂ , Barakula, via Chinchilla, 4 October 1994 , F.R. Wylie, J. King, M. De Baer (ANIC); 1 ♂ , Noondoo, 26 February 1963 , A.L. Dyce and M.D. Murray, ex ethanol (ANIC); 1 ♀ , Mudjimba Beach, E of Nambour, 29 November 1985 , G. Cassis (ANIC); 1 ♀ , 1 km N of Rounded Hill, 15.17°S , 145.13°E , 5 – 7 May 1981 , I.D. Naumann, ex ethanol (ANIC); 2 ♂♂ , Corallie R. Bruce Highway, NW Fladstone N. Qld, 23 January 1970 , G.A. Holloway, MVL (AMS K358159); 1 ♀ , Lake Broadwater near Dalby, site A, 27°21'S , 151°06'E , 24 October 1986 , G. and A. Daniels, MVL (QM); 1 ♀ , Eurimbula Ck., via Round Hill Head, 3 – 5 May 1975 , I.D. Naumann; sweeping low vegetation, open forest/subtropical rainforest boundary (QM); South Australia : 1 ♀ , Brookfield CP, 34.19°S , 139.31°E , 24 November 1992 , I.D. Naumann, J.C. Cardale (ANIC); 1 ♀ , Brookfield CP, 34.21°S , 139.29°E , 17 – 20 February 1992 , J.C. Cardale, LT (ANIC); 1 ♂ , Brookfield CP, 34.21°S , 139.29°E , Campsite, 30 March – 3 April 1992 , A. Calder and W. Dressler, LT (ANIC); 1 ♂ , 5 km NNE Prices Bore, 30°20 ʹ 41 ″ S , 136°11 ʹ 46 ″ E , 18 April 2007 , Woomera PA Survey, LT (SAM); 1 ♀ , Belair NP, Gate 11, 1 – 8 March 2008 , J.T. Jennings, MT (WINC); 1 ♀ , Flinders ranges, Brachina Gorge, 31°19.954'S , 138°35.916'E , 5 April 2011 , G. Taylor, Acacia lingulata (WINC); 1 ♂ , Flinders ranges, Brachina Gorge, 31° 20.630'S , 138°33.635'E , 5 April 2011 , R. Kittel and G. Taylor, Sweeping Eucalyptus socialis (WINC); Tasmania : 2 ♀♀ , Cambridge, 21 February 1967 , A. Neboiss (MV); Victoria : 1 ♀ , Abbeyard, 27 January 1960 , A. Neboiss (MV); 1 ♀ , Latrobe R. Survey St 8 U7/s, 17 February 1973 , R. Morwell, LT (MV); 2 ♀♀ , Meredith, 12 – 13 February 1959 , A. Neboiss (MV); 1 ♀ , Meredith, 13 February 1959 , A. Neboiss (MV); 1 ♀ , Myrtleford, 23 June 1973 , A. Neboiss, Eucalyptus spp., MVL-trap (MV); 1 ♀ , Nunawading, 1 March 1960 , A. Neboiss (MV); 4 ♀♀ , Porepunkah, 26 January 1960 , A. Neboiss (MV); 1 ♂ , Mt Langi Ghiran, 17 December 1966 , A. Neboiss (MV); Western Australia : 1 ♀ , 18 mi E Pingelly, 2 January 1971 , G.A. Holloway and H. Hughes, MVL (AMS K351888); 1 ♀ , 1 ♂ , Miaboolya Beach, N of Carnarvon, 24.48°S , 113.38°E , 22 October 1992 , E.D. Edwards and E.S. Nielson (ANIC); 2 ♀♀ , Loop Road, 30 km NE by E of Kalbarri, 27.34°S , 114.26°E , 17 October 1984 , Kalbarri NP, D.C.F. Rentz Stop 48 (ANIC); 8 ♀♀ , Kalbarri, 27.43°S , 114.10°E , 15 October 1992 , E.D. Edwards and E.S. Nielson (ANIC); 3 ♀♀ , 1 ♂ , Kalbarri, 27.43°S , 114.10°E , 24 October 1992 , E.D. Edwards and E.S. Nielson (ANIC); 2 ♀♀ , Augustus Island, CALM Site 26/1, 15.25°S , 124.38°E , 11 – 16 June 1989 , I.D. Naumann (ANIC); 1 ♀ , 1 km W of Wave Rock, 32.27°S , 118.53°E , 31 January 1993 , E.D. Edwards and E.S. Nielsen (ANIC); 1 ♂ , Gill Pinnacle, Mural Crescent, 2 November 1963 , P. Aitken and N.B. Tindale, LT (SAM); 1 ♀ , Gill Pinnacle, Mural Crescent, 10 November 1963 , P. Aitken and N.B. Tindale, LT (SAM); 1 ♀ , 3.8 km NE of Comet Vale Siding, 29.57°S , 121.07°E , 7 – 15 March 1979 , T.F. Houston et al . 256 – 8 (WAM 82791); 1 ♀ , Nullagine, 19 – 20 January 1974 , A.M. and M.J. Douglas (WAM 82875); 3 ♂♂ , Buningonia Spring (Well), 31°26'S , 123°33'E , 18 – 25 November 1978 , T.F. Houston et al . 225/10 (WAM 82785, 82787, 82788); 1 ♀ , 9.8 km SSE of Mt Linden, 29.19°S , 122.25° E , 17 – 23 March 1979 , T.F. Houston et al . 259 – 1 (WAM 82800); 1 ♂ , Spectacles Yargan, 32° 12.893'S , 115°49.758'E , 2 November 2011 , R. Kittel and L. Krieger, sweeping Eucalyptus and Banksia (WAM SF 008307 – 17); 1 ♂ , Credo Station, 30°04.476'S , 120°36.910'E , 7 September 2011 , R. Kittel Sweeping Senna , Bush Blitz survey (WAM). Biology One specimen was reared from sea hibiscus ( Hibiscus tilliaceus L.) Malvaceae . Additional specimens were collected from Acacia lingulata A. Cunn. ex Benth. Fabaceae and Christmas Mallee ( Eucalyptus socialis F.Muell. ex Miq. ) Myrtaceae . Etymology The species is named after the dark scapula area, as opposed to the orange – light brown mesoscutum. Distribution Recorded from across Australia , but it is not as abundant as P. decticauda or P. behriae . It is known from the Australian Capital Territory , New South Wales , Northern Territory , Queensland , South Australia (including Bon Bon Station ), Tasmania , Victoria , and Western Australia ( Figure 16 ) . CO1 sequence Genbank accession numbers for this species are KJ438594 – KJ438598 .