Three new species of Otacilia Thorell, 1897 (Araneae, Phrurolithidae) from South China
Author
Liu, Ming-kang
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5607-2323
College of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
Author
Jiang, Zi-min
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-3312
College of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
Author
Xiao, Yong-hong
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-9366
College of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
Author
Liu, Ke-ke
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7822-3667
College of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
liukeke_1986@126.com
Author
Xu, Xiang
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9485-5373
College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
xux@hunnu.edu.cn
text
ZooKeys
2023
2023-09-19
1180
129
144
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.108823
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.108823
1313-2970-1180-129
B0641AB9701E4ECA831D66F2979BD0FB
471634C64D1C5FEA8002182CA58D9384
Otacilia guanshan Liu
sp. nov.
Figs 3
, 4
, 7B
, 8B, C
Type materials.
Holotype
: ♂ (Phu-158), China, Jiangxi Province, Yichun City, Yifeng County, Guanshan National Nature Reserve,
28°32'22.88"N
,
114°35'47.00"E
, 719 m, 25 February 2023, leg. Ke-ke Liu et al.
Paratypes
: 1 ♂, 4 ♀, with the same data as holotype (Phu-158); 1 ♀, Donghe Station,
28°33'16.15"N
,
114°34'53.72"E
, 439 m, other data as previous (Phu-158).
Etymology.
The specific name derived from the type locality, Guanshan National Nature Reserve; used as a noun in apposition.
Diagnosis.
The male of the new species is similar to
O. mingyueshan
sp. nov. and
O. wugongshanica
Liu, 2020 (
Liu et al. 2020b
: 17, fig. 12A, D, E) in having the carapace with broad, dark-brown, mottled markings medially and a clavate retrolateral tegular apophysis, but it can be separated from them by the retrolateral tibial apophysis with thicker apex (vs moderate in
O. mingyueshan
sp. nov.; thin in
O. wugongshanica
) (cf. Fig.
3E, F
and Fig.
5E, F
and
Liu et al. 2020b
: 17, fig. 12E, F) and the hook-shaped embolus strongly curved backward (vs crescent-shaped embolus curved forward in
O. mingyueshan
sp. nov. and in
O. wugongshanica
) (cf. Fig.
3D
and Fig.
5D
and
Liu et al. 2020b
: 17, fig. 12D). The female resemble those of
O. mingyueshan
sp. nov., and
O. wugongshanica
Liu, 2020 (
Liu et al. 2020b
: 17, fig. 14C, D) in having the bow and arrow-shaped mark on the epigynal plate, but the new species can be separated from them by having the fovea without a distinct sclerotised transverse anterior margin (vs with a short, sclerotised transverse margin in
O. mingyueshan
sp. nov. and
O. wugongshanica
Liu, 2020) (cf. Fig.
4C
and Fig.
5C
and
Liu et al. 2020b
: 17, fig. 14C), the spindle shaped median septum (vs trapezoidal in
O. mingyueshan
sp. nov.; same in
O. wugongshanica
) (cf. Fig.
4C
and Fig.
6C
and
Liu et al. 2020b
: 17, fig. 14C), the straightly sloping connecting tubes (vs same in
O. mingyueshan
sp. nov.; curved in
O. wugongshanica
) (cf. Fig.
4D
and Fig.
6D
and
Liu et al. 2020b
: 17, fig. 14D); and the relatively widely separated spermathecae (vs widely separated in
O. mingyueshan
sp. nov.; touching in
O. wugongshanica
) (cf. Fig.
4D
and Fig.
6D
and
Liu et al. 2020b
: 17, fig. 14D).
Figure 3.
Otacilia guanshan
sp. nov., male holotype
A
habitus, dorsal view
B
same, ventral view
C
palp, prolateral view
D
same, ventral view
E
same, retrolateral view
F
same, dorso-retrolateral view. Abbreviations: dTA - distal tegular apophysis, Em - embolus, FA - femoral apophysis, Gr - groove, PTA - prolateral tibial apophysis, rTA - retrolateral tegular apophysis, RTA - retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD - sperm duct, VTA - ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A, B
); 0.1 mm (
C-F
).
Figure 4.
Otacilia guanshan
sp. nov., female paratype
A
habitus, dorsal view
B
same, ventral view
C
epigyne, ventral view
D
vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Bu - bursa, CD - copulatory duct, CO - copulatory opening, CT - connecting tube, FD - fertilisation ducts, GA - glandular appendage, MS - median septum, Spe - spermathecae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A, B
); 0.1 mm (
C, D
).
Figure 5.
Otacilia mingyueshan
sp. nov., male holotype
A
habitus, dorsal view
B
same, ventral view
C
palp, prolateral view
D
same, ventral view
E
same, retrolateral view
F
same, dorso-retrolateral view. Abbreviations: dTA - distal tegular apophysis, Em - embolus, FA - femoral apophysis, Gr - groove, PTA - prolateral tibial apophysis, rTA - retrolateral tegular apophysis, RTA - retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD - sperm duct, VTA - ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A, B
); 0.1 mm (
C-F
).
Figure 6.
Otacilia mingyueshan
sp. nov., female paratype
A
habitus, dorsal view
B
same, ventral view
C
epigyne, ventral view
D
vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Bu - bursa, CD - copulatory duct, CO - copulatory opening, CT - connecting tube, FD - fertilisation ducts, GA - glandular appendage, MS - median septum, Spe - spermathecae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A, B
); 0.1 mm (
C, D
).
Description.
Male
(holotype).
Habitus
as in Fig.
3A, B
. Total length 2.93, carapace 1.50 long, 1.28 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.09, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.13, PME-PLE 0.07, AME-PME 0.09, AME-PLE 0.19, ALE-ALE 0.24, PLE-PLE 0.39, ALE-PLE 0.09. MOA 0.24 long, frontal width 0.19, posterior width 0.26. Chelicerae with three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Sternum (Fig.
3B
) with shallow groove along lateral margins, posterior end triangular, relatively blunt. Leg measurements: I 4.21 (1.23, 0.44, 1.18, 0.81, 0.55); II 4.11 (1.2, 0.36, 1.19, 0.73, 0.63); III 3.75 (1.05, 0.43, 0.88, 0.77, 0.62); IV 6.02 (1.26, 0.38, 1.83, 1.63, 0.92). Leg spination (Fig.
3A, B
): femora I d1, p1111, II d1, p111, III d1, IV d1; tibiae I v2222222, II v2222222, metatarsi I v2222, II v2222. Pedicel 0.12 long. Abdomen (Fig.
3A, B
) 1.83 long, 0.97 wide, weak dorsal scutum in anterior half.
Colouration
(Fig.
3A, B
). Carapace yellow with conspicuous, irregular, dark-yellow-brown mottled markings radially along midline and arc-shaped dark stripes around margin. Chelicerae and endites yellow-brown. Labium yellow-brown. Sternum yellow. Legs yellow. Abdomen black-brown, with pair of small, oval and pair of irregular yellowish spots on posterior dorsal scutum, three pale chevron-shaped stripes on subposterior part, and indistinct, yellowish, arc-shaped stripe posteriorly; venter with trapezoidal marking and pair of sloping stripes posteriorly.
Palp
(Figs
3C-F
,
7B
). Femoral apophysis (FA) well developed, as wide as half of femoral width. Tibia with three apophyses: a small, tubercle-like ventro-retrolateral apophysis (VTA) proximally, a large, thick, very strong retrolateral apophysis (RTA), longer than tibia, strongly bent inwards toward concaved cymbial groove (Gr), and a thickened, ridge-like prolateral apophysis (PTA). Sperm duct (SD) V-shaped in ventral view, reaching subposterior part of tegulum. Retrolateral tegular apophysis (rTA) clavate, thick, directed anterolaterally, shorter than embolus in ventral view. Distal tegular apophysis (dTA) oval, membranous, arising from base of embolus and retrolateral part of sperm duct. Embolus (Em) hook-shaped, strongly curved backward, with a broad base.
Female.
Habitus
as in Fig.
4A, B
. Total length 3.86, carapace 1.50 long, 1.38 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.07, PME 0.08, PLE 0.07, AME-AME 0.04, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.12, PME-PLE 0.09, AME-PME 0.11, AME-PLE 0.21, ALE-ALE 0.23, PLE-PLE 0.38, ALE-PLE 0.13. MOA 0.25 long, frontal width 0.19, posterior width 0.26. Chelicerae with three promarginal and seven retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 5.99 (1.53, 0.65, 1.64, 1.64, 0.53); II 4.47 (1.27, 0.5, 0.96, 1.23, 0.51); III 4.22 (0.94, 0.51, 0.93, 1.22, 0.62); IV 6.57 (1.64, 0.65, 1.56, 1.87, 0.85). Leg spination (Fig.
6A, B
): femora I d1, p111, II d1, p111, III d1, IV d1; tibiae I v22222222, II v2222222, metatarsi I v2222, II v1222. Pedicel 0.11 long. Abdomen (Fig.
4A, B
) 2.20 long, 1.62 wide.
Colouration
(Fig.
4A, B
). Paler than male. Abdomen yellow to black-brown, dorsally with four dark-brown, chevron-shaped stripes on submedial part, and two arc-shaped, short stripes posteriorly; venter with pair of triangular markings and pair of transverse stripes posteriorly.
Epigyne
(Fig.
4C, D
). Epigynal plate with bow and arrow-shaped mark, posteriorly with elongated subspindle-shaped median septum (MS). Fovea located anteriorly, without indistinct sclerotised transverse anterior margin. Copulatory openings (CO) oval, arising from anterior part of median septum. Copulatory ducts (CD) strongly sclerotised, relatively broad, splayed, longer than connecting tubes. Bursae (Bu) large, bean-shaped, widely separated, nearly covering 1/2 of epigynal plate. Glandular appendages (GA) small, indistinct in ventral view. Connecting tubes (CT) short, slightly convergent, widely separated. Spermathecae (Spe) small, globular, separated by their length, located on subposterior part of endogyne. Fertilisation ducts (FD) short, directed anteriorly.
Distribution.
Known only from the type locality in Jiangxi Province, China (Fig.
9
).