A review of Sciaphobus (Neosciaphobus) and descriptions of new species of Sciaphobus s. str. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae)
Author
Borovec, Roman
Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Drnovská 507, CZ- 161 06 Praha 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic; e-mail: romanborovec @ mybox. cz
Author
Skuhrovec, Jiří
Group Function of Invertebrate and Plant Biodiversity in Agrosystems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, CZ- 161 06 Praha 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic; e-mail: jirislavskuhrovec @ gmail. com
text
Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae
2015
2015-12-31
55
2
745
785
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.5302796
0374-1036
5302796
8E2AF537-E612-4D8A-876D-015B61E5847F
Sciaphobus
(
Neosciaphobus
)
ningnidus
(
Germar, 1824
)
(
Figs 1C–D
,
4D
)
Curculio rubi
Gyllenhal, 1813: 329
(original description, younger primary homonym of
C
.
rubi
Herbst, 1795
).
Sciaphobus
(
Neosciaphobus
)
rubi
:
WINKLER (1932)
: 1469
(catalogue);
DALLA TORRE et al. (1937)
: 162
(catalogue);
SMRECZYŃSKI (1966)
: 82
(fauna);
DIECKMANN (1980)
:251
(fauna);
PODLUSSÁNY (1996)
: 200
(check-list);
BENEDIKT
et al. (2010)
: 107
(check-list).
Thylacites ningnidus
Germar, 1824: 412
(original desciprion).
Sciaphilus ninguidus
:
STIERLIN (1884)
: 88
(lapsus calami).
Sciaphobus
(
Neosciaphobus
)
ningnidus
:
BOROVEC (2013)
: 385
(catalogue).
Type
localities.
Curculio rubi
‘Scaniae
[
Sweden
,
Skåne
]’.
Thylacites ningnidus
:
‘Halae Saxonum [
Germany
,
Sachsen-Anhalt
, Halle (Saale)].’
Type material examined.
Thylacites ningnidus
:
LECTOTYPE
(present designation):
♀
(
3.69 mm
long), ‘
ningnidus Gm Schönh., Halae, Jnr.
[handwritten label in the box] / [triangular handwritten label with 2–3 illegible letters] / MLU Halle, WB Zoologie, S.-Nr., T.-Nr. 9/1/21 [partly printed, partly handwritten] /
LECTOTYPUS
Thylacites ningnidus Germar, R. Borovec et J. Skuhrovec
desig. 2014 [red, printed] /
Sciaphobus ningnidus (Germar) R. Borovec
det. 2014 [printed]’ (
MLUH
).
PARALECTOTYPES
:
3 spec.
, pinned in the same series (
MLUH
).
Curculio rubi
SYNTYPE
(?): unsexed (
3.97 mm
long, pinned, missing right funicle with club, left anterior left middle and right hind tarsus): ‘
Scania
Wetterhall [handwritten] / Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet
Stockholm
Loan no 676/94 [blue, printed] / NRM Sthlm Loan 2749/08 [green, printed] /
Sciaphobus ningnidus (Gyllenhal)
, R. Borovec det. 2013 [printed]’ (
NHRS
).
Additional material examined.
CROATIA
:
without precise locality data,
3 spec.
,
Reitter
lgt. (
SMTD
)
.
CZECH REPUBLIC
: BOHEMIA:
Hradec Králové
env., bank of
Elbe river
, sweeping,
9.v.1995
,
35 spec.
, R.
Borovec
lgt. (
RBSC
).
MORAVIA
:
Kunštát
,
6 spec.
,A.
Fleischer
lgt. (
NMPC
)
;
Řečkovice
,
1 spec.
,
Formánek
lgt. (
NMPC
)
;
Střelice
,
1 spec.
,
Formánek
lgt. (
NMPC
)
.
GERMANY
:
SACHSEN
:
without precise locality data,
6 spec.
(
SMTD
).
MONTENE- GRO: PLJEVJA:
Pivska
planina,
Trsa
,
13.vi.2012
,
1 spec.
,
J. Stanovský
lgt. (
JSOC
).
ŽABLJAK:
Durmitor
,
Dolina Sušice
,
7.–27.vii.1933
,
6 spec.
,
J. Fodor
lgt. (
APBH
)
.
RUSSIA
: REPUBLIC
OF
TATARSTAN
:
Kazan
,
3 spec.
(
SMTD
).
SAMARA OBLAST
:
Samara
,
3 spec.
(
SMTD
)
.
Redescription
(
Figs 1C–D
,
4D
). Body length
3.56–4.63 mm
. Body black, antennae and legs reddish, in some specimens clubs and middle part of femora darker. Elytra densely covered with short oval, greyish appressed scales, integument hardly visible, 4–5 scales across one interval; elytra without any pattern, only interval 7 with slightly more whitish scales in some specimens; intervals 2 and
4 in
some specimens somewhat narrower than the others; intervals with one sparse row of very short, indistinct, slender setae, hardly visible also in lateral view. Pronotum densely covered with white greyish, short oval, pointed scales, completely covering integument, bigger than elytral scales, with irregularly scattered, slender, almost piliform setae of the same colour; lateral parts of pronotum with somewhat larger whitish scales, forming indistinct longitudinal stripes. Head and rostrum regularly covered with greyish short oval scales, hiding integument.
Head
(
Figs 1C–D
;
4D
). Rostrum short and wide, isodiametric; in basal half faintly tapered anteriad, with straight sides, in apical half distinctly enlarged anteriad with straight sides, at apex 1.08–1.14× as wide as at base. Frons flat, finely punctate, shiny. Epifrons coarser punctate, somewhat matt. Eyes small, moderately convex, somewhat projecting beyond outline of head.
Antennae
with funicle segment I 1.8–2.0× as long as wide; segment II 2.4–2.5× as long as wide and 1.1× as long as segment I; segment III 1.4–1.5× as long as wide; segments IV–VI 1.1–1.2× as long as wide; segment VII isodiametric; clubs 2.6–2.7× as long as wide.
Pronotum
(
Figs 1C–D
) wide, 1.39–1.43× as wide as long, widest behind midlength, with distinctly rounded sides, anteriad more tapered than posteriad; disc regularly and densely punctate, distance between two punctures shorter than puncture diameter.
Scutellum
small, triangular, glabrous.
Elytra
(
Figs 1C–D
) short oval, 1.32–1.39× as long as wide, somewhat globose, widest at midlength, with distinctly rounded sides; humeral calli regularly rounded, not projecting laterally; striae punctate, wide; intervals almost flat.
Legs.
Pro- and mesofemora with small, almost indistinct tooth, metafemora with small but well visible tooth. Tarsomere II isodiametric to 1.1× as wide as long; tarsomere III 1.4–1.5× as wide as long and 1.6–1.7× as wide as II; onychium 1.1× as long as tarsomere III.
Sexual dimorphism.
None, parthenogenetic species.
Female genitalia.
Spermatheca (
Fig. 6B
) with ramus and nodulus equally wide, ramus twice as long as nodulus.
Differential diagnosis.
Among not greenish species, distinguishable by equal size of greyish scales of dorsal part of body, lack of brownish scales forming longitudinal stripes on pronotum or elytra (
Figs 1C–D
).
Distribution.
Albania
(
BOROVEC 2013
),
Austria
(
BOROVEC 2013
),
Bosnia and Herzegovina
(
DIECKMANN 1980
),
Croatia
(unpublished data),
Czech Republic
(
DIECKMANN 1980
),
Germany
(
DIECKMANN 1980
),
Hungary
(
DIECKMANN 1980
),
Montenegro
(unpublished data),
Poland
(
DIECKMANN 1980
),
Romania
(
BOROVEC 2013
), European part of
Russia
(
DIECKMANN 1980
),
Slovakia
(
BOROVEC 2013
),
Ukraine
(
DIECKMANN 1980
). The presence of the species in
Sweden
is doubtful as it was based only on the
type
specimen of
C. rubi
and was never confirmed by new material.
Fig. 4. Rostra of
Neosciaphobus
and
Sciaphobus
(s. str.) species:
Sciaphobus angustus
sp. nov.
, holotype, male (A);
S. globipennis
Apfelbeck, 1922
, male (B), female (C);
S. ningnidus
(
Germar, 1824
)
, female (D);
S. reitteri
(
Stierlin, 1884
)
, male (E), female (F);
S. scheibeli
Apfelbeck, 1922
, male (G), female (H);
S. squalidus
(
Gyllenhal, 1834
)
, male (I), female (J);
S. subnudus
(
Desbrochers des Loges, 1892
)
, male (K), female (L);
S. vittatus
(
Gyllenhal, 1834
)
, male (M), female (N);
S. abbreviatus
(
Desbrochers des Loges, 1871
)
, male (O), female (P);
S. dorsualis
(
Gyllenhal, 1834
)
, male (Q), female (R);
S. formaneki
sp. nov.
, holotype, male (S), paratype, female (T);
S. pelikani
sp. nov.
, holotype, male (U), paratype, female (V);
S. rasus
(
Seidlitz, 1867
)
, male (W), female (Y).
Collection circumstances.
Numerous specimens were collected by general sweeping of a meadow bank of the Elbe River in eastern
Bohemia
,
Czech Republic
(
Fig. 9B
) by one of the authors.
Fig. 5. Aedeagus of
Neosciaphobus
and
Sciaphobus
(s. str.) species;
Sciaphobus angustus
sp. nov.
, holotype (A);
S. globipennis
Apfelbeck, 1922
(B);
S. reitteri
(
Stierlin, 1884
)
(C);
S. scheibeli
Apfelbeck, 1922
(D);
S. squalidus
(
Gyllenhal, 1834
)
(E);
S. subnudus
(
Desbrochers des Loges, 1892
)
(F);
S. vittatus
(
Gyllenhal, 1834
)
(G);
S. abbreviatus
(Desbrochers de
Loges, 1871
)
(H);
S. dorsualis
(
Gyllenhal, 1834
)
(I);
S. formaneki
sp. nov.
: holotype (J);
S. pelikani
sp. nov.
: holotype (K);
S. rasus
(
Seidlitz, 1867
)
(L).
Fig. 6. Spermatheca, male tegmen and sternite IX, female ovipositor and sternite VIII of
Neosciaphobus
and
Sciaphobus
(s. str.) species; Spermatheca of
Sciaphobus globipennis
Apfelbeck, 1922
(A);
S. ningnidus
(
Germar, 1824
)
(B);
S. reitteri
(
Stierlin, 1884
)
(C);
S. scheibeli
Apfelbeck, 1922
(D);
S. squalidus
(
Gyllenhal, 1834
)
(E);
S. subnudus
(
Desbrochers des Loges, 1892
)
(F);
S. vittatus
(
Gyllenhal, 1834
)
(G);
S. formaneki
sp. nov.
: paratype (H);
S. pelikani
sp. nov.
: paratype (I);
S. rasus
(
Seidlitz, 1867
)
(J). Tegmen of
Sciaphobus scheibeli
(K);
S. vittatus
(L). Male sternite IX of
Sciaphobus scheibeli
(M). Ovipositor of
Sciaphobus ningnidus
(N). Female sternite VIII of
Sciaphobus ningnidus
(O).
Remarks.
Thylacites ningnidus
was described from ‘Halae Saxonum’ (
Germar 1824
) and there are
four specimens
in the Germar’s collection (MLUH), pinned below handwritten label: ‘
ningnidus Gm Schönh., Halae, Jnr.
’. We designate a
lectotype
of
T. ningnidus
from a well-preserved female specimen to stabilize the nomenclature in the group.All three remaining
syntypes
are conspecific with the
lectotype
and we have designated them as
paralectotypes
.
Curculio rubi
was described from ‘Habitat in Rubo Caesio Scaniae. Rarius, Dom Wetterhall’ (
GYLLENHAL 1813
). There is
one specimen
in NHRS from the type locality; however, we have not seen all type material from Gyllenhal’s own collection (housed at the
Uppsala
University) and therefore we do not designate a
lectotype
. On the other hand, we consider the NHRS specimen a possible
syntype
as it comes from the type locality; its labels indicate that it came from the same time period as Gyllenhalʼs specimens. The specimen is in accordance with the concept of the species as used in the literature and is without all doubts conspecific with the type of
Curculio rubi
. However the name is preoccupied as
Curculio rubi
Gyllenhal, 1813
is a junior homonym of
Curculio rubi
Herbst, 1795
(presently
Anthonomus rubi
), and therefore
Sciaphobus
(
Neosciaphobus
)
ningnidus
(
Germar, 1824
)
is used as a valid name for this species (
BOROVEC 2013
).