The genus Macronemus Dejean, 1835 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae): two new species, new records and a new synonymy Author Machado, Vanessa S. Author Monné, Marcela L. text Zootaxa 2013 3693 2 163 181 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3693.2.3 48656231-636c-49e0-b96b-cfac70a5300f 1175-5326 220568 682248A5-41C2-4463-BAD8-1D8C7AF744A2 Macronemus mimus sp. nov. ( Figs 18–26 ) Male. Integument reddish brown to dark brown. Ventral region covered with yellowish and whitish scaly pubescence. Head with yellowish scaly pubescence except spots of dark-brown scaly pubescence near inner margin of lower eye lobe and between upper lobes. Antennomere 11 about 2.5x longer than 3. Scape with two bands of yellowish scaly pubescence intercalated with brown scaly pubescence and some spots of whitish scaly pubescence on ventral region near apex; pedicel with yellowish scaly pubescence in dorsal region and whitish scaly pubescence in ventral and lateral regions; antennomeres 3–11 with whitish and yellowish scaly pubescence on apical and basal halves and median band of brown scaly pubescence. FIGURES 18–24 . Macronemus mimus sp. nov. 18, holotype, male, dorsal view; 19–21, paratypes, male dorsal view; 22, male inner and outer protibial spurs subequal; 23, male inner protibial spur longer than outer; 24, pronotum projections flattened at apex. FIGURES 25–26. Macronemus mimus sp. nov. paratypes, female, dorsal view. Prothorax about 1.7x as wide as long. Pronotum with one pair of projections flattened at apex, covered with spots of dark-brown scaly pubescence on outer side of each tubercle and narrow lines of whitish scaly pubescence; coarse and sparse punctures between the tubercles. Scutellum with yellowish scaly pubescence in median region and dark-brown pubescence on margins. Elytra about twice as long as prothorax; apices rounded; covered with small sparse punctures, and dense coarse punctures between cristae and eye-shaped spots. General scaly pubescence, concolor with body, except narrow lines of whitish scaly pubescence; basal third with two eye-shaped spots of dark-brown scaly pubescence; median region with two spots of dark-brown scaly pubescence (one spot crescent and the other drop-shaped); apical third with two diagonal bands (one of dark-brown and the other of yellowish scaly pubescence) descending toward apex, not reaching suture. Femora with median band of brown scaly pubescence delimited by whitish scaly pubescence intercalated with yellowish and dark-brown scaly pubescence; tibiae with white, sparse, short setae throughout and two bands of whitish scaly pubescence, intercalated with dark-brown scaly pubescence; inner protibial spur may be subequal to outer spur ( Fig. 22 ) or longer and curved ( Fig. 23 ). Female. Apex of fifth urosternite deeply excavated. Measurements, in mm, male/female. Total length, 7.6–14.0/7.8–14.4; prothorax length, 1.6–2.8/1.6–3.0; prothorax width, 2.2–4.7/2.4–4.7; elytral length, 5.3–10.5/5.7–10.6; humeral width, 2.7–5.8/2.9–5.8. Etymology . Greek, imitator, the specific epithet refers to the defensive behavior, possibly imitating bird dropping. Comments . Macronemus mimus sp. nov. ( Figs 18–26 ) differs from all other species of the genus in having general scaly pubescence concolor with the body, somewhat uniform; elytral basal third with two eye-shaped spots of dark-brown scaly pubescence; and by the pronotum projection flattened at apex ( Fig. 24 ). Biological note. This species was observed ( Figs 25–26 ) in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil . It possibly mimics a bird dropping, which we believe is a defense or a cryptic behavior. Geographical distribution . Brazil (Bahia to Santa Catarina) and Argentina (Misiones). Type material . Male holotype . BRAZIL , Bahia: Itapetinga, XI.1969 , F.M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ). Paratypes , BRAZIL , male (BMNH); Bahia, 2 females , “Fry Coll”. 1905.100 (BMNH); Itapetinga, male, XI.1969 , F.M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); Encruzilhada Estr. RJ-BA Km 965 Motel da Divisa 960 m , female, XI.1972 , Seabra & Roppa leg. (MNRJ); Minas Gerais: Funil, Manhumirim, São Domingos do Chalé, female, XII.1921 , W. Saar leg. (CEIOC); Juiz de Fora , male, XII.1981 , G.S. Andrade leg. (MNRJ); Pedra Azul, male, XI.1972 , Seabra & Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); Poços de Caldas, male, female, XII.1976 , M.A. Monné leg. (MNRJ); Virgínia Faz. Campos 1500 m , male, 24.II.1920 , J.F. Zikán leg. (CEIOC); Espírito Santo: Barra do São Francisco, Córrego Itá, 2 males , XI.1954 , W. Grossmann leg. (MNRJ); female, XI.1956 , W. Grossmann leg. (MNRJ); Linhares (Parque Sooretama), female, X.1963 , F.M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); male, X.1967 , F.M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); 2 females , XI.1967 , F.M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); male, XII.1967 , B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); male, X.1968 , B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); female, II.1969 , B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); 2 males , female, X.1969 (MNRJ); male, V.1970 , B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); female, XI.1971 , B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); male, female, X.1972 , B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); female, X. 1972 , Roppa & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); 2 males , female, XI.1972 , P.C. Elias (MZSP); female, XI.1972 , B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); male, XII.1973 , B. Silva leg. (MNRJ); Rio de Janeiro: (Botafogo), female, IV.1933 , L.T.F. leg. (CEIOC) “Coll. Costa Lima”; (Corcovado), female, 30.XI.1957 , D. Zajciw leg. (MNRJ); female, 5.XI.1958 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); male, 14.XI.1958 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); female, 14.I.1959 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); male, 30.IX.1959 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); female, XII.1959 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); female, IX.1961 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); female, XII.1962 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); male, 9.X.1963 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); male, female, 15.X.1963 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); male, 22.X.1963 , Seabra & Alvarenga leg. (MNRJ); male, 2.X.1966 , S.A.F. leg. (MNRJ); female, 6.X.1974 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 3.XII.1976 , M.A. Monné leg. (MNRJ); female, 2.II.1977 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 4.X.1977 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, 26.I.1980 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); (Floresta da Tijuca) luz, male, 2.II.1959 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, I.1967 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, IV.1970 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, I.1971 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); female, IV.1982 , Seabra leg. (MNRJ); male, 14.X.1990 , A.S. leg. (CEIOC); Represa Rio Grande, male, 1–15.IX.1960 , F.M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); female, I.1968 , F.M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); 5.X.1969 , F.M. Oliveira leg. (MNRJ); (Floresta do Macaco), male, I.1958 , Altamiro B. Pereira leg. (MNRJ); male, XII.1958 , Altamiro B. Pereira leg. (MNRJ); female, X.1959 , Altamiro B. Pereira leg. (MNRJ); male, I.1961 , Altamiro B. Pereira leg. (MNRJ); Itatiaia (Parque Nacional do Itatiaia) 700 m , female, 21.I.1937 , J.F.Zikán leg. (CEIOC); male, Fragoso leg. (MNRJ); 1250 m female, 26–30.XII.2008 , M.L. & M.A. Monné leg. (MNRJ); Nova Friburgo, male, female, III.1969 , Fragoso leg. (MNRJ); Teresópolis (Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos), male, 21.XI.1955 , Zajciw leg. (MNRJ); São Paulo: Amparo, male (MNRJ); (Cantareira), male, 10.I.1941 , H. Zellibor leg. (MNRJ); female, 16.XI.1941 , Dr. Nick leg. (MNRJ); Ilha da Vitória, male, 24.III–6.IV.1965 , Exp. Dep.Zool. (MZSP); Peruíbe, male, XII.1944 , H. Zellibor leg. (MNRJ); Paraná: Curitiba Campina Grande , female, 15.II.1966 H. & M. Townes leg. (MNRJ); female, 21.II.1966 H. & M. Townes leg. (MNRJ); Santa Catarina: Anita Garibaldi, female, XII.1940 , “Col. Dirings” (MZSP); Colônia Neudorf, female, J.M. Bosq. leg. (MNRJ); female, 14.I.1940 (MNRJ); male, female, 20.I.1960 (MNRJ); Corupá, male, female, I.1938 , A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); male, female, III.1938 , A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); male, XII.1939 , A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); male, II.1945 , A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); female, III.1953 , A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); female, XII.1953 , A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); 60 m , male, XI.1960 (MNRJ); 60 m , 2 females , I.1963 (MNRJ); Mafra, female, XII. 1941 , A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); Rio Natal , male, I.1957 , A. Maller leg. (MNRJ); Rio Vermelho (Corupá), female, IV.1965 , S.A.F. leg. (MNRJ); Seara (Nova Teutônia), 27º11’B 52º23’L ( 27º11’S 52º23’W ), male, 18.XI.1940 , F. Plaumann leg. (MNRJ); 27º11’B 52º23’L ( 27º11’S 52º23’W ), male, XII.1940 , F. Plaumann leg. (MNRJ); 27º11’B 52º23’L ( 27º11’S 52º23’W ), male, 10.XII.1940 , F. Plaumann leg. (MNRJ); 27º11’B 52º23’L ( 27º11’S 52º23’W ), female, I.1941 , F. Plaumann leg. (MNRJ); male, 24.I.1942 , F. Plaumann leg. (MNRJ); 300–500 m 27º11’B 52º23’L ( 27º11’S 52º23’W ), male, 18.I.1966 , F. Plaumann leg. (MNRJ); 300–500 m 27º11’B 52º23’L ( 27º11’S 52º23’W ), female, 25.I.1966 , F. Plaumann leg. (MNRJ); 27º11’B 52º23’L ( 27º11’S 52º23’W ), female, I.1974 , F. Plaumann leg. (MNRJ); Timbó, female, XII.1940 , “Col. Dirings” (MZSP). ARGENTINA : Misiones, Loreto, female, Dr. A.A. Oglobin leg. (MNRJ).