Larvae Of North American Species Of Pteronarcys (Plecoptera: Pteronarcyidae)
Author
Myers, L. W.
Lake Champlain Research Institute, SUNY Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, U. S. A. E-mail: myerslw @ plattsburgh. edu
myerslw@plattsburgh.edu
Author
Kondratieff, B. C.
Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, U. S. A. E-mail: boris. kondratieff @ colostate. edu
boris.kondratieff@colostate.edu
text
Illiesia
2017
13
16
192
224
journal article
http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4752933
5cb57102-4f5e-4d1a-90ce-cbe06dc4b57d
1854-0392
4752933
68D355B3-CD8A-4699-AC4E-94527D18FE24
KEY TO
MATURE
LARVAE
1 Abdominal segments with conspicuous lateral projections (
Figs. 13, 14
,
17
,
25
,
27
,
50, 51, 53
,
54
,
58, 59, 61
,
62
,
66
) ………………………………… 5
1’ Abdominal segments without lateral projections (
Figs. 18
,
23
,
28
,
36
,
37
,
44
,
45
,
49
) ……………... 2
2 Supra-antennal plate developed into a semicircular ridge (
Figs. 16
,
30
,
39
,
46
,
48
,
55
,
60
,
63
); APP weakly developed, APPMH/APPBW <1, and with rounded apices (
Figs. 31
,
36
,
40
,
44
,
47
,
49
) ………………………………………………… 3
2’ Supra-antennal plate developed into a pointed semi-lunate conical projection visible dorsally (
Figs. 19
,
22
); APP strongly developed APPMH/APPBW> 1, with pointed apices (
Figs. 20, 21
,
23
) ……………………………
P. californica
3 APP oriented laterally occasionally appearing reflexed distally (
Figs. 31
,
32, 33, 34
,
36
,
40
,
41, 42
,
44
) ……………………………………………........ 4
3’ APP oriented anterolateral at a 45° angle (
Figs. 47
,
49
) ……………………………….…..
P. princeps
4 Convex bulge on lateral margin of pronotum sometimes present but does not exceed the level of pronotal projections (
Figs. 40
,
41
,
44
); male larvae with rearward projecting process on abdominal sternum 9 triangular in shape and with sides nearly converging, resulting angle> 50° (63.91 ± 13.16) (
Figs. 38
,
43
) ……..….
P. pictetii
4’ Convex bulge on lateral margin of pronotum produced often exceeding level of pronotal projections (
Figs. 32
,
36
); male larvae with rearward projecting process on abdominal sternite 9 rectangular and with nearly parallel sides, resulting angle <39 (33.11 ± 5.16) (
Figs. 29
,
35
) …………………………………..........
P. dorsata
5 Prominent acute process on each mesothoracic wingpad lateral margin (
Figs. 24
,
27
); supraantennal plate developed into pointed, semilunate conical projections (
Fig. 26
); abdominal projections with curved inner margins strongly developed on segments 1-8 (
Figs. 25
,
27
), pronotal projections well developed with curved margins and sharp apices.; APPMH/APPBW ≥ 1.19 (
Figs. 24
,
27
) ……………………………...………….
P. comstocki
5’ Prominent acute process absent from each mesothoracic wingpad, lateral margins smooth (
Figs. 15
,
17
,
57
,
66
); supra-antennal plate developed into a low semi-circular ridge (
Figs. 16
,
55
,
60
,
63
); APP not strongly developed, apices bluntly rounded; APPMH/APPBW ≤ 1.16 (
Figs. 15
,
17
,
52
,
57
,
65
,
66
) ………………….…... 6
6 Lateral abdominal projections on AB7 and AB8 reduced and inconspicuous, AB8 POM/SW <0.13; APPA relatively obtuse ≥ 55° and with rounded corners (
Figs. 52
,
57
,
65
,
66
) …….……. 7
6’ Lateral abdominal projections conspicuous and well developed on AB1-8, AB8 POM/SW ≥ 0.13 (
Figs. 1
,
13, 14
); APPA more acute <55° (Figs., 15, 17) ……………………….……….......…….
P. biloba
7 Measured in dorsal view AB4 POM/SW <0.15; AB6 POM/SW <0.12, lateral abdominal projections of AB5-7 nearly indiscernible, projecting past the posterior margin of the segment minimally in lateral view (
Figs. 58, 61
) …………………………………....
P. scotti
(in part)
7’ Measured in dorsal view AB4 POM/SW ≥ 0.15; AB6 POM/SW> 0.12, lateral abdominal projections of AB5-7 well defined, rugose and triangular shaped in lateral view, the dorsal edge projecting caudally parallel to the lateral surface of the segment (
Figs. 50, 53
) or lateral abdominal projections of AB5-7 nearly indiscernible, projecting past the posterior margin of the segment minimally in lateral view (
Figs. 58, 61
) ………………………….……….......................….. 8
8 In dorsal view abdominal projections of AB1-7 well developed with the largest projections possessing a convex outer margin, appearing hook-shaped in dorsal view (
Figs. 51
,
54
,
57
); AB5-7 well defined, rugose and triangular shaped in lateral view, the dorsal edge projecting caudally parallel to the lateral surface of the segment (
Figs. 50, 53
), antennae with a distinctive medial yellow band (
Figs. 56
,
57
) ……………………………………………
P. proteus
8’ In dorsal view lateral abdominal projections of AB1-7 less developed, outer margins of largest projections nearly straight (
Figs. 59
,
62
,
66
), lateral abdominal projections of AB5-7 nearly indiscernible, projecting past the posterior margin of the segment minimally in lateral view (
Figs. 58, 61
), antennae lacking distinctive yellow band (
Figs. 64
,
66
) …...............….
P. scotti
(in part)