Synopsis of Sida (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Author Grings, Martin Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501 - 970, Brazil. Author Boldrini, Ilsi Iob Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501 - 970, Brazil. text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-04-05 542 2 105 135 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.1 journal article 53645 10.11646/phytotaxa.542.2.1 8b5747ec-68d6-4c6a-a1a0-c0c1152b45cc 1179-3163 6415487 6. Sida farroupilhensis Krapovickas & Bueno (2014: 87) ( Figures 4A–F , 2 , 14C ). Holotype :— BRAZIL . Rio Grande do Sul : Farroupilha, “Parque dos Pinheiros, Parque dos Pinheiros, erva com aproximadamente 1 m de altura, bastante frequente nos lugares úmidos e sombreados, flores amarelas que se fecham ao ser coletadas”, 23 May 1978 , O . Bueno 676 ( HAS !; isotype CTES !). Taxonomic notes: — Sida farroupilhensis is distincted from other species of section Sidae ( Table 1 ) by the presence of aristae smaller than the mericarp body, mericarps dehiscent only at the apex, solitary flowers without bifid bracts, leaf blades ovate-rhombic and with simple trichomes in adaxial surface ( Figures 4A–F , 14C ) ( Krapovickas 2014 ). A relevant diagnostic feature of the species is the reticulate leaf’s abaxial surface, formed by the tertiary veins, which is covered by sparse, small stellate trichomes. Calyx also with tertiary veins forming a characteristic reticulate and with very sparse small stellate trichomes. In the present work, photos of the species in its habitat are presented for the first time. Distribution, habitat, and conservation status: —The species is endemic to Araucaria Forest of northeast of Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil ( Figure 2 ), in the edges or understory of Forests, and rarely in Highland grassland. With an EOO of 3,813.842 Km² and an AOO of 40 km ² S. farroupilhensis could be considered Endangered (EN). However, the species is usually abundant in places where it occurs and does not show subpopulations, locations, EOO and AOO declines or fluctuations. That is, the species does not meet the conditions B (a), B(b) and B(c) and is considered Least Concern (LC). Representative specimens: — BRAZIL . Rio Grande do Sul . Canela , Flona , WGS 84 - 29.321389°S - 50.816667°W , 23 March 2019 , F . Gonzatti 5061 ( HUCS ) ; Caxias do Sul , Bairro Nossa Senhora do Rosário , WGS 84 - 29.130833°S - 51.154167°W , 29 September 2019 , M . Grings 2078 ( ICN ); Gramado , Bairro Moura , 06 May 2020 , M . Grings 2130 ( ICN ); São Francisco de Paula , próximo ao lago São Bernardo , WGS 84 - 29.459764°S - 50.570602°W , 08 June 2012 , M . Grings 2112 ( ICN ); Vacaria , Parque de Rodeios , WGS 84 - 28.481828°S - 50.910969°W , 27 April 2019 , M . Grings & A . S . Mello 2034 ( ICN ) .