New synonymy among gall thrips of the Asian genus Mesothrips, with revision of species from China (Thysanoptera, Haplothripini) Author Dang, Lihong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-8426 School of Bioscience and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China & Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bioresources, Hanzhong, 723000, China & Qinba Mountain Area Collaborative Innovation Center of Bioresources Comprehensive Development, Hanzhong, 723000, China & Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment (Incubation), Hanzhong, 723000, China Author Tong, Xiaoli https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-229X College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China Author Mound, Laurence A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6019-4762 Australian National Insect Collection CSIRO, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia laurence.mound@csiro.au text ZooKeys 2024 2024-03-22 1196 121 138 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.118131 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.118131 1313-2970-1196-121 C1E809C21B1B4AD08A2A60836D2DD252 FB37FA4362855574A385B9B6E39A2ABC Mesothrips longistylus sp. nov. Figs 2 , 8 , 15-17 , 20 , 24 Material examined. Holotype , ♀ , China , Sichuan , Ganzi , on leaves of unknown plant, 27.vii. 2013 , Jianfeng Wang ( SNUT ); paratypes , 4♀ 3♂ , with same data as holotype ( SNUT ). Description. Holotype . Female macroptera . Body brown; all femora and tibiae brown, all tarsi yellowish brown, slightly lighter than tibiae; antennal segments I and II brown, III clear yellow, IV-VI yellow but shaded on apical half, VII-VIII brown (Fig. 8 ); major setae pale; fore wing pale. Head . Head ~ 1.4 x as long as wide (Fig. 2 ), constricted at base; postocular setae slightly blunt, shorter than eyes (Fig. 2 ); eyes equal in length ventrally and dorsally; maxillary stylets parallel medially with transverse maxillary bridge, elongate and at full retraction extending to postocular setae (Fig. 2 ); mouth cone long, reaching to ferna. Antennal segments broad (Fig. 8 ), segment III ~ 2.1 x as long as apical width; III with three sense cones, IV with four major sense cones, VIII broadly connected with VII. Thorax . Pronotum with five pairs of well-developed setae, am, aa and ml blunt at apex (Fig. 2 ), epim and pa longer and equal in length, slightly expanded at apex; surface almost smooth, with weak sculpture near margins. All legs slender, fore tarsal tooth tiny, visible only when tarsi rotated. Fore wing with three sub-basal setae arising in straight line (Fig. 20 ), S1 and S2 equal in length, slightly expanded at apex, S3 longest, acute at apex, with 9-12 duplicated cilia. Mesonotum transversely reticulate, lateral setae well-developed, blunt (Fig. 15 ). Metanotum longitudinally reticulate, major setae slender and acute (Fig. 15 ). Mesopresternum with paired lateral triangles, metathoracic sternopleural sutures absent. Abdomen . Pelta broadly triangular, weakly reticulate, with pair of CPS (Fig. 16 ); tergites II-VII with two pairs of major wing retaining setae, one pair of accessory sigmoid setae located anterior to first pair (Fig. 17 ); tergite II with eight pairs of lateral setae; tergite IX setae S1 and S2 longer than tube, acute at apex (Fig. 17 ), S3 approx. as long as tube, acute at apex; tube shorter than head, anal setae approx. as long as tube. Measurements ( holotype female in μm ). Body length 2600. Head length (maximum width) 275 (195); distance between maxillary stylets (across bridge) 50; postocular setae length 70; antennal segments I-VIII length (width): 45 (35), 55 (30), 75 (35), 75 (40), 70 (30), 65 (30), 60 (25), 35 (20); sense cone on III length 15. Pronotum length (width) 170 (275); am 45, aa 35, ml?, epim 90, pa 90. Fore wing length 1140; sub-basal setae S1 60 , S2 85, S3 120. Tergite IX setae S1 185, S2 190, S3 140; tube length 170, basal width 75, apical width 50; anal setae length 170. Male macroptera . Similar to female in colour and sculpture; postocular setae slightly shorter than eyes, slightly blunt at apex; fore tarsal tooth scarcely visible; abdominal tergite IX setae S2 small and pointed (Fig. 24 ); sternite VIII without pore plate. Figures 26-31. Mesothrips spp. Head, pronotum and foreleg ( 26-27 ) 26 M. pyctes 27 M. vitripennis ( type specimens of Mesothrips elaeocarpi ); tergites IX-X ( 28-29 ) 28 M. pyctes 29 M. vitripennis ( type specimens of Mesothrips elaeocarpi ); M. pyctes ( 30-31 ) 30 sub-basal setae of forewing 31 antennae. Measurements ( paratype male in μm ). Body length 2240. Head length (maximum width) 270 (200); postocular setae length 90. Pronotum length (width) 170 (270); am 53, aa 28, ml 75, epim 75, pa 85. Tergite IX setae S1 180, S2 20 , S3 180; tube length 165; anal setae length 175. Etymology. The species epithet refers to the elongate and parallel maxillary stylets. Comments. The elongate and parallel maxillary stylets of this new species are unique in Mesothrips , most of which species have the stylets wide apart and arranged in a V-shape.