Two new species of the Southeast Asian Dwarf tarantula genus Phlogiellus Pocock 1887 (Theraphosidae, Selenocosmiinae) and a discussion on the taxonomic problem of the genus
Author
Sivayyapram, Varat
0000-0002-8466-0270
Center of Excellence in Entomology and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8466 - 0270
Author
Kunsete, Chawakorn
0000-0002-1594-3736
Center of Excellence in Entomology and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1594 - 3736
Author
Songsangchote, Chaowalit
0000-0001-7689-5363
Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7689 - 5363
Author
Thanoosing, Chawatat
0000-0002-4228-748X
Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK. & Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London, SW 7 2 AZ, UK. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4228 - 748 X
Author
Traiyasut, Prapun
Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK.
Author
Warrit, Natapot
0000-0002-6338-1782
Center of Excellence in Entomology and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330,
natapot.w@chula.ac.th
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-10-08
4859
4
487
506
journal article
8282
10.11646/zootaxa.4859.4.2
5383fa36-31d0-4679-9c30-0b6b36d64d4e
1175-5326
4537383
751BFE57-265B-4F06-920D-1F781DA57199
Phlogiellus
Pocock, 1897
Phlogiellus
Pocock, 1897: 595
, pl. 25, fig. 1,
type
species
P. atriceps
.
Yamia
Kishida, 1920: 304
,
type
species
Y. watasei
. Considered a
nomen nudum
by
Raven, 1985
, considered valid by
Haupt & Schmidt, 2004
; first synonymized by
West
et al.
, 2012: 33
.
Neochilobrachys
Hirst, 1909: 388
, fig. 2,
type
species
Selenocosmia (Neochilobrachys) subarmatus
. First synonymized by
Raven, 1985: 156
.
Baccallbrapo
Barrion and Litsinger, 1995: 21
, fig. 5,
type
species
Baccallbrapo bundokalbo
.
First synonymized by Raven, 2000: 570.
Diagnosis.
Phlogiellus
differs from all selenocosmiine genera except
Orphnaecus
in male embolus with basal lobe and the retrolateral keel to the tip.
Phlogiellus
differs from
Orphnaecus
in having a third claw at least on leg IV and possessing many similar bacilliform or needle form lyra setae (cf. few enlarged setae with stout base lyra; see
West
et al.
2012
: fig. 51a).
Phlogiellus
shares similar morphologies with
Selenocosmia
, for example, equal stoutness of legs I and IV, prolateral maxilla without setal fringe above the lyra (if present), but differs in
Selenocosmia
having a lyra with short shaft lyra (see
West
et al.
2012
: fig. 52a) and possessing longer leg I than IV.
Phlogiellus
also differs from
Buripes
,
Chilobrachys
,
Poecilotheria
, and
Haplocosmia
in these genera possessing a pallid setal fringe above lyra on prolateral maxilla (see
West
et al.
2012
: figs 47, 49a, 50a); from
Coremiocnemis
and
Psednocnemis
, in these two genera having distinct intercheliceral pegs (see
Raven 2005
: fig. 6;
West
et al.
2012
: figs 11, 14); from
Selenotholus
in this genus possessing recurved fovea; and from
Lyrognathus
in this genus with incrassate tibial IV.
Diagnostic combination.
Third claw and tarsal weakness present at least on leg IV; tarsal weakness evident as transverse paler area or crack and bent tip of tarsi (
Figs 2e
,
6e
,
10e
); prolateral maxilla without pallid setal fringe above or below the maxillary suture regardless of whether a lyra, present or absent (
Figs 2f
,
6f
,
10f
,
14e
); maxillary lyra present (see
Nunn
et al.
2016
: figs 3d, 12d 16d, 20c, 22a, 33b, 36c, 40d, 41a) or absent (
Figs 2f
,
6f
,
10f
,
14e
); if present, all lyra with similar shape, long-shaft needle form or bacilliform setae; chelicerae always possessing downward pointing black spiniform setae on ventral edge (
Figs 2c
,
6c
,
10c
,
14c
); leg IV (males and females) usually slightly longer than I; male embolus with basal lobe and retrolateral keel to the tip (
Figs 5b
,
13b
).
Description.
Small to medium sized theraphosid spiders with reduction in number of spines, usually present on distal (ventral or also dorsal) metatarsi; fovea straight or procurved, narrower to wider than width of ocular tubercle; carapace with curved setae on all margins; labial cuspules vary from 160 to 320; maxillary lyra present or absent, if present all lyra setae similar in shape, long shafted spiniform; corresponding with opposed retrolateral cheliceral strikers (see
Nunn
et al.
2016
: figs 3c, 12c, 17c, 20c, 22b, 33a, 40c, 42c); black spiniform setae always present on ventral edge of chelicerae (
Figs 2c
,
6c
,
10c
,
14c
); tarsal weakness present, as paler area or cracked cuticle, at least on leg IV, or on all legs; 3rd claw at least on leg IV, or with III; tarsal scopa always divided on leg IV, can be divided with line of long setae, undivided, of undivided with row of setae in other legs. In males, intercheliceral tumescence and tibial apophysis absent; embolus with basal lobe and retrolateral keel to the tip; female spermathecae unilobed (except for
P. brevipes
), club shaped or tombstone shaped.
Remarks.
Diagnostic characters of
Phlogiellus
using here are taken from
Raven (1985)
,
Haupt and Schmidt (2004)
,
West
et al.
(2012)
,
Nunn
et al.
(2016)
as well as our examination. We recant the use of labial cuspule number as well as width and shape of fovea as diagnostic characters because these characters show high variation and are hard to measure objectively (See discussion). However, due to lack of morphological information in several species by
Nunn
et al.
(2016)
, we cannot not make taxonomic changes on the species composition of
Phlogiellus
, except to describe two new species from Southeast Asia.