Order Chiroptera - Family Pteropodidae Author Wilson, Don E. Author Reeder, DeeAnn text 2005 The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 313 350 book chapter 0-8018-8221-4 10.5281/zenodo.7316519 Pteropus tonganus Quoy and Gaimard 1830 Pteropus tonganus Quoy and Gaimard 1830 , in: d'Urville, Voy ... de Astrolabe, Zool., 1 (L'Homme, Mamm., Oiseaux): 74 . Type Locality: Tonga Isls, Tongatapu Isl. Vernacular Names: Pacific Flying Fox . Subspecies: : Subspecies Pteropus tonganus subsp. tonganus Quoy and Gaimard 1830 Subspecies Pteropus tonganus subsp. basiliscus Thomas 1915 Subspecies Pteropus tonganus subsp. geddiei MacGillivray 1860 Distribution: Karkar Isl (off NE New Guinea ) and Rennell Isl (Solomon Isls), south to New Caledonia , east to Cook Isls. Conservation: CITES – Appendix I. IUCN / SSC Action Plan (1992) – Not Threatened. IUCN 2003 – Lower Risk (lc). Discussion: mariannus species group. Includes geddiei ; see Sanborn (1931) and Felten and Kock (1972) . Karkar Isl population ( basiliscus ) may actually be a subspecies of conspicillatus (K. Helgen, pers. comm.). It is possible that this species has been transported to some islands by humans; see Flannery (1995 b ). Also see Miller and Wilson (1997) , Bonaccorso (1998) , and Bergmans (2001) .