Systematic revision and total evidence phylogenetic analysis of the Andean family Metasarcidae Kury, 1994 (Opiliones: Laniatores), with description of two new genera and twenty new species Author Benedetti, Alipio Rezende Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal: 11.461, 05422 - 970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil & Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, campus Sao Joao Evangelista, Av. Primeiro de Junho, 1043, Sao Joao Evangelista, MG, Brazil alipiobenedetti@gmail.com Author Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-2205 Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal: 11.461, 05422 - 970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil text Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 2022 2022-08-16 80 309 388 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e73829 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e73829 1864-8312-80-309 D5C0468B99A14EF39237D9BC51A8BDA3 11907D1B6F665D96B5FD2F9751431366 3.39. Metasarcus Roewer, 1913 Figs 5 , 10 , 14C-H , 19 , 20 , 25 , 26 , 31 Metasarcus Roewer, 1913: 304 (desc); Roewer 1923 : 508 (key), 517 (rdesc); Mello-leitao 1926 : 34 (key); 1932: 408 (rdesc); 1935: 108 (cit.); Soares and Soares 1949 : 234 (rdesc); Kury 1994 : 349 (syst); Kury and Maury 1998 : 145 (cit); Kury 2003 : 145 (cat): Kury & Villarreal, 2015: 5, 14 (syst). Type-species : Metasarcus bolivianus Roewer, 1913 (by monotypy). Metarascus [lapsus calami]: Roewer 1931 : 107 (key). Chaconatus Roewer, 1929: 275 (key), 276 (desc); Mello-leitao 1932 : 108 (rdesc); Juberthie 1970 : 142 (cit); Soares, Soares and Jim 1992 : 5 (cat); Kury 1994 : 349 (syst); Kury 2003 : 145 (cat). Type-species : Chaconatus armatipalpus Roewer, 1929 (by monotypy). Synonymy established by Kury 1994 : 349. Chacoikeontus Roewer, 1929: 275 (key), 278 (desc); Mello-leitao 1932 : 104 (key), 108 (rdesc); Juberthie 1970 : 142 (cit); Soares, Soares and Jim 1992 : 3 (key), 5 (rdesc, cat); Kury and Maury 1998 : 145 (syst); Kury 2003 : 144 (cat); Yamaguti and Pinto-da-Rocha 2009 : 321 (syst); Kury & Villarreal, 2015: 23, 26 (cit). Type-species : Chacoikeontus clavifemur Roewer, 1929 (by monotypy). Synonymy established by Townsend et al. 2019 : 102 Diagnosis. Metasarcus can be diagnosed from other Metasarcidae genera with long legs (except Ayacucho ) by the combination of the following features: gamma-type; gamma-P-type or kappa-type DSS; ocularium unarmed; area III with two spines. Half of Metasarcus species present a spine, long projection or trifid projection in free tergite III, present in no other Metasarcidae species; coxa III with two apophyses; coxa IV reaching posterior margin of dorsal scutum or surpassing it; femur IV smooth or slightly granulate; penis stylus and VP thin thickness, with less than 10 MS C Redescription. Gamma-type DSS ( M. bolivianus and M. fellinii sp. nov. ; Fig. 6E ), gamma-P-type DSS ( M. beni sp. nov. , M. bergmani sp. nov. , M. limachii sp. nov. and M. trispinosus sp. nov. ; Fig. 6A, B, G, H ) or kappa-type DSS ( M. clavifemur , M. kurosawai sp. nov. and M. vacafloresae sp. nov. ; Fig. 6D, F, I ). Ocularium low, medially depressed. Ocularium unarmed, small tuberculate or smooth (Fig. 6 ). Areas of dorsal scutum moderately or densely tuberculate ( M. fellinii sp. nov. ). Area I undivided (Fig. 6G-I ) or divided in two halves (Fig. 6A-F ). Area III armed with two high spines in most species (e.g. Fig. 6D ), with two tubercles ( M. trispinosus sp. nov. ; Fig. 6H ) or unarmed ( M. vacafloresae sp. nov. ; Fig. 6I ). Posterior margin unarmed. Coxa IV reaching area III-IV or posterior margin. Coxa IV unarmed or with retrolateral armature ( M. bergmani sp. nov. , A. limachii sp. nov. ; Fig. 6B, G ). Femur IV much longer than dorsal scutum length. (Figs 10 , 25 , 26 ) Less than 10 MS C. Penial stylus thin. Penial ventral plate thin (Figs 14C-H , 19 , 20 ). Distribution. (Fig. 31 ) BOLIVIA. Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz and Tarija. Remarks. Townsend et al. (2019 : pp. 102-103, 105-106), in a non-taxonomic or systematic study, cited Chacoikeontus clavifemur as Metasarcus clavifemur (Roewer, 1929). The authors did not provide justification for or specify it was a new combination or nomenclatural act, did not mention the genus Chacoikeontus (and its consequent status as a junior subjective synonym) and did not discuss the genus Metasarcus with the inclusion of the species. Once the new combination has been published, the nomenclatural act is valid and herein confirmed (see below). As Chacoikeontus clavifemur is the type-species of the genus, by implication Chacoikeontus was considered a junior subjective synonym of Metasarcus . Species composition. Metasarcus beni sp. nov. ; Metasarcus bergmani sp. nov. ; Metasarcus bolivianus Roewer, 1913; Metasarcus clavifemur (Roewer, 1929); Metasarcus fellinii sp. nov. ; Metasarcus kurosawai sp. nov. ; Metasarcus limachii sp. nov. ; Metasarcus trispinosus sp. nov. and Metasarcus vacafloresae sp. nov.