The millipede family Conotylidae in northwestern North America, with a complete bibliography of the family (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Heterochordeumatidea, Conotyloidea) Author Shear, William A. Author Richart, Casey H. Author Wong, Victoria L. text Zootaxa 2020 2020-03-19 4753 1 1 78 journal article 21316 10.11646/zootaxa.4753.1.1 f7974bcf-11e7-4d1b-b09d-530dc2dbd54f 1175-5326 3983782 AA9F66B3-EF8C-4F6B-8F35-0BCBEE5122ED Plumatyla humerosa (Loomis) 1943 Figs. 251, 252 Conotyla humerosa Loomis 1943 , p. 384 . New records : All specimens CAS . CALIFORNIA : Lassen Co. , Indian Cave , Lassen National Forest , 40.6683°N , - 120.8177°W , elev. 1618 m ., dark zone, 15 September 2017 , T . Rickman ; Cave A-1-1, Lassen National Forest , 40.6100°N , - 120.8405°W , elev. 1621 m ., 16 August 2018 , T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, ff. Modoc Co. , Damon’s Cave , Lassen National Forest , 41.5169°N , - 121.1825°W , elev. 1435 m ., twilight zone, 9 May 2018 , T . Blaschak , T . Rickman , mm ff; Black Stout Cave , Lassen National Forest , 41.6635°N , - 121.3338°W , elev. 1296 m ., 14 May 2018 , dark zone, T . Blaschak , T . Rickman , mm ff. Shasta Co. , North Christmas Tree Cave , Lassen National Forest , 40.6681°N , - 121.4127°W , elev. 1322 m ., 2 May 2018 , twilight zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak , m; Cave 4, Lassen National Forest , 40.6682°N , - 121.4161°W , elev. 1336 m ., 9 August 2018 , T . Rickman , mm; Cave 5, Lassen National Forest , SW tube, 40.6725°N , - 121.4109°W , elev. 1352 m ., 24 May 2018 , entrance and twilight zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, m; same as previous, but N tube, m f; Cave 6, Lassen National Forest , 40.6714°N , - 121.4110°W , elev. 1354 m ., 24 May 2018 , twilight zone, dark zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, mm ff; Cave 51, Lassen National Forest , lower tube, 40.6663°N , - 121.4367°W , elev. 1404 m ., 22 May 2018 , twilight zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, juvs.; Cave 56, Lassen National Forest , 40.6675°N , - 121.4367°W , elev. 1390 m ., 22 May 2018 , dark zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, m; Cave 71 ( Burnt Elderberry Cave ), Lassen National Forest , 40.6930°N , - 121.4154°W , elev. 1304 m ., 20 June 2018 , twilight zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, mm ff; Cave 80, Lassen National Forest , 40.6773°N , - 121.4177°W , elev. 1336 m ., 20 June 2018 , dark zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, ff, juvs.; Cave 87, Lassen National Forest , 40.6683°N , - 120.8188°W , elev. 1172 m ., 5 June 2018 , twilight zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, mm ff; Cave 166, Lassen National Forest , 40.6423°N , - 121.4264°W , elev. 1374 m ., 30 August 2018 , T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, ff. Siskiyou Co. , Three Level Ice Cave , 41.3921°N , - 121.6676°W , elev. 1321 m ., 25 August 2018 , J. McFarland , mm ff; Rooty Tooty Cave , 41.4692°N , - 121.6299°W , elev. 1547 m ., 26 August 2018 , T . Rickman, J . McFarland, mm ff; Amazing Attic Cave , 41.4869°N , - 121.6446°W , elev. 1614 m ., 25 August 2018 , J. McFarland mm ff. Tehama Co. , Wilson Lake Ice Cave, 40.3119°N , - 121.4237°W , elev. 1533 m ., 14 June 2018 , twilight and dark zones, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, m f, juvs.; Wilson Lake Cave 2, 40.3433°N , - 121.4192°W , elev. 1759 m ., 26 July 2018 , T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, f; Wilson Lake Cave 3 ( Cedar Cellars Cave ), 40.3425°N , - 121.4252°W , elev. 1706 m ., 14 June 2018 , twilight zone, T . Rickman , T . Blaschak, M . Immel, f. OREGON : Lake Co. , Derrick’s Cave , 43.5231°N , - 120.8645°W , elev. 1513 m ., 30 August 2008 , N. Marchington , mm . FIGS. 251–253. Plumatyla humerosa and Corypus kavanaughi . Figs. 251, 252. Plumatyla humerosa . Fig. 251. Anterior gonopods, posterior view. Fig. 252. Posterior gonopod coxites, anterior view. Fig. 253. Corypus kavanaughi , posterior gonopods, anterior view. Notes : Plumatyla humerosa seems to be quite general in northern California and south-central Oregon in lava tubes and some limestone caves, as well as mines nearby. Populations are frequently large, judging from the numbers of specimens in some collections. The gonopods ( Figs. 251, 252 ) look uniform throughout the area, suggesting dispersal through porous lava and epikarst, but the possibility of cryptic speciation remains to be investigated by genetic study. The species is well-adapted to subterranean life but based on Pleistocene glacial history may not be an old troglobiont.