Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa
Author
Filander, Zoleka N.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440
Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
zfilander@gmail.com
Author
Kitahara, Marcelo V.
Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil
Author
Cairns, Stephen D.
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA
Author
Sink, Kerry J.
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
Author
Lombard, Amanda T.
Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
text
ZooKeys
2021
2021-10-28
1066
1
198
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697
1313-2970-1066-1
133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA
BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A
Fungiacyathus (Bathyactis) sibogae (Alcock, 1902a)
Fig. 13I-L
Bathyactis sibogae
Alcock, 1902a: 108.
Bathyactis symmetrica
. -von
Marenzeller 1904a
: 312-313, pl. 18, fig. 25. -
Gardiner and Waugh 1939
: 231.
Bathyactis stabilis
Gardiner & Waugh, 1939: 231-232, figs 1, 2.
Fungiacyathus (Bathyactis) sibogae
. -
Cairns 1989b
: 10-11, pl. 3, figs D-K, pl. 4, figs A-C. -
Cairns and Keller 1993
: 218, 230. -
Cairns and Zibrowius 1997
: 70.
Type locality.
Ceram Sea, Indonesia (HMS
'Siboga'
stn. 175: 2°37.7'00"S, 130°33.4'00"E); 1914 m (Alcock, 1902a).
Type material.
The paralectotype is deposited at the ZMA (
Cairns and Zibrowius 1997
).
Material examined.
None.
Imagery data.
SAM_H1403 (1 specimen): Eastern margin, off Durban harbour, 805 m. SAM_H1688 (in part: 2 specimens): eastern margin, 51 km south of Ponta Do Ouro/40 km off Mgobezeleni Estuary,
27°18'42.00"S
,
32°57'47.99"E
; 840 m. SAM_H1689 (in part: 1 specimen): eastern margin, 44 km south of Ponta Do Ouro/35 km off Kosi Bay Estuary,
27°14'47.99"S
,
32°57'59.99"E
; 900 m. SAM_H1697 (2 specimens): eastern margin, 58 km south of Ponta Do Ouro/46 km off Mgobezeleni Estuary,
27°21'18.00"S
,
33°03'53.99"E
; 1050 m.
Description.
Corallum discoidal, with a flat to slightly convex base, reaching ≤ 14.5 mm in CD. Costae ridged, serrate, and narrow. C1-2 ridged from epicentre of base to calicular margin, and C3-4 ridged only near calicular margin. Costae correspond with septa in width, with C1-2 equal in width and C3-4 becoming progressively narrower. Intercostal spaces moderately deep and granulated. Corallum white.
Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles according to the formula: S1> S2> S3> S4 (48 septa). S1 highly exsert and extend to columella. S1 appear to be independent, but are connected to adjacent S4 by five or six synapticular bars, which gradually increase in size near calicular margin. S2 slightly less exsert and less wide than S1. S2 bear 4-6 trabecular spines, of which the third and fourth are the tallest and often curved towards columella. S3 equally exsert and slightly wider than S2, bearing 4-7 trabecular spines, of which the fourth to sixth are elongated and inclined towards columella. S4 least exsert and smaller septa, but have nine or ten trabecular spines. S2-4 fuse in a typical fungiacyathid fashion, forming porous and rudimentary canopies. All septa, except S4, have septal lobe occurring peripheral to spines. Septal faces planar, covered with serrated ridges, which are covered by broad and well-spaced teeth, thus giving a dentated appearance. Marginal shelf absent. Columella papillose.
Distribution.
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Durban towards Kosi Bay Estuary (35 km south of Ponta Do Ouro: Mozambique); 805-1050 m. Elsewhere: Mozambique (
Cairns and Keller 1993
); Tanzania (von
Marenzeller 1904a
); Kenya; Madagascar; Gulf of Oman (
Gardiner and Waugh 1939
); Indonesia (
Alcock 1902a
;
Cairns 1989b
;
Cairns and Zibrowius 1997
); 463-1914 m.
Remarks.
Fungiacyathus (B.) sibogae
differs from
F. hydra
in its septal faces being dentate, and its papillose columella. Although the above records are based on images of specimens that we were unable to track in the South African Museum collection, the diagnostic features are visible and as such specimens fit the description provided in
Cairns (1989b)
.