A review of the crangonid genus Lissosabinea Christoffersen, 1988 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea), with descriptions of three new species from the western Pacific Author Komai, Tomoyuki Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 955 - 2 Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260 - 8682 (Japan) komai @ chiba-muse. or. jp text Zoosystema 2006 28 1 31 59 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.5753861 1638-9387 5753861 Lissosabinea indica ( De Man, 1918 ) ( Figs 1-4 ) Sabinea indica De Man, 1918: 304 ( type locality: N of Tanah Djampeah Island, Indonesia ); 1920: 303, pl. 25, fig. 75, 75a-l. — Chace 1984: 59 (in part). — Takeda & Hanamura 1994: 30 . Lissosabinea indica – Christoffersen 1988: 48 . — Kim & Natsukari 2000: 35 , fig. 1a, b. HOLOTYPE . — Siboga , stn 65a, N of Tanah Djampeah Island , Indonesia , 07°00’S , 120°34.5’E , 400 m , 6.V.1899 , ♀ cl 8.9 mm ( ZMUA ). OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Japan . RV Seiyo-maru , 1994 cruise, stn S2, off Izu-Oshima Island, Izu Islands, 34°34.6’N , 139°19.9’E , 280 m , sledge net, 15.X.1994 , 1 ♂ cl 6.3 mm ( CBM-ZC 7801). Indonesia . Albatross , stn 5621, W of Halmahera, 00°15.00’N , 127°24.35’E , 545 m , 28.XI.1909 , 1 ovigerous ♀ 9.1 mm ( USNM 205087). KARUBAR, stn CP 17, Banda Sea, 05°15’S , 133°01’E , 459- 439 m , 24.X.1991 , 1 ♀ 9.0 mm (MNHN-Na 15152). Chesterfield Islands. CORAIL 2, stn DE 15, 20°50.69’S , 160°55.25’E , 21.VII.1988 , 1 ♀ cl 7.0 mm ( MNHN- Na 15153). New Caledonia . MUSORSTOM 5, stn DW 306, 22°07.66’S , 159°21.40’E , 375-415 m , 12.X.1986 , 1 ♀ cl 5.0 mm (MNHN-Na 15154) ; stn CP 363, 19°47.90’S , 158°44.30’E , 700- 685 m , 19.X.1986 , 1 ♂ cl 7.0 mm (MNHN-Na 15155). DISTRIBUTION. — Japan , Indonesia , Coral Sea and New Caledonia ; 146-700 m . SIZE. — Females cl 5.0- 9.1 mm ; ovigerous females cl 9.1 mm ; males cl 6.3-7.0 mm. DESCRIPTION Rostrum ( Figs 1 ; 2A, B ) strongly laterally compressed in distal half, styliform with relatively shallow ventral blade, nearly straight or somewhat upturned, overreaching distal margin of second segment of antennular peduncle, but not reaching distal margin of third segment; dorsal surface Komai T. FIG. 1. — Lissosabinea indica ( De Man, 1918 ) ,entire animal in lateral view,New Caledonia, MUSORSTOM 5, stn CP 363, ♂ cl 7.0 mm (MNHN-Na 15155). Scale bar: 5 mm. weakly ridged on midline, with scattered short to long setae in proximal 0.70, extending onto anterior part of carapace; lateral tooth strong, arising from 0.40-0.50 of rostrum; lateral face slightly concave at base, with sharp lateral carina extending to distal 0.20 of rostral length; ventral margin convex, unarmed but bearing two rows of short setae. Carapace ( Figs 1 ; 2A, B ) 1.20-1.25 times as long as wide. Middorsal carina sharp, extending to 0.80-0.90 of carapace length, armed with two relatively large teeth; epigastric tooth not reaching base of rostrum, arising at 0.20 of carapace length; second tooth smaller than epigastric tooth, arising at 0.60 of carapace length. Antennal tooth moderately small, not reaching anterior margin of cornea of eye. Branchiostegal tooth directed forward, slightly falling short of or reaching anterior margin of antennal basicerite. Pterygostomian tooth tiny. Lateral face of carapace with relatively large hepatic and small post-hepatic teeth, but epibranchial tooth absent; post-hepatic tooth aligned with hepatic tooth; epibranchial carina obsolete. Sternal tooth on fifth thoracic somite absent in spawning females. Second abdominal somite with low, triangular plateau on posterior half of tergum delimited by row of long setae in females ( Fig. 2C ), smooth in males ( Fig. 1 ). Third somite ( Figs 1 ; 2C ) with distinct middorsal carina extending anteriorly to midlength, remainder rounded; posterodorsal margin of somite somewhat produced posteriorly. Sixth somite ( Figs 1 ; 2C ) about 1.8 times as long as high; dorsal surface flattened on midline.Telson ( Fig. 2D, E ) with two pairs of minute dorsolateral spines; two mesial spines at posterolateral angle long, very slender; terminal process acutely pointed. Cornea of eye ( Fig. 2A, B ) spherical, maximum diameter 0.20-0.22 of carapace length. Antennular peduncle ( Figs 2A, B ; 4A ) reaching 0.30-0.35 of antennal scale; stylocerite slightly overreaching distal margin of first segment, strongly compressed laterally; lateral flagellum composed of about 15 articles in females; mesial flagellum composed of about 13 articles in females; flagella of males not intact, but both composed at least of more than 20 articles. Antennal scale ( Fig. 2A, F ) about 0.70-0.75 of carapace length and 2.8 times as long as wide, lateral margin faintly sinuous, distal blade obliquely truncate; basicerite ( Fig. 2A, B ) with relatively large ventrolateral spine; carpocerite reaching midlength of antennal scale. Third maxilliped ( Fig. 3A ) overreaching antennal scale by 0.20-0.30 length of ultimate segment; ultimate segment subequal in length to penultimate segment; antepenultimate segment strongly flattened dorsoventrally, somewhat foliaceus. FIG. 2. — Lissosabinea indica ( De Man, 1918 ) , Banda Sea, Indonesia, KARUBAR,stn CP 17, ♀ cl 9.0 mm (MNHN-Na 15152): A , carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view (tegumental scales omitted); B , anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view; C , abdomen, dorsal view; D , telson, dorsal view; E , posterior part of telson, dorsal view; F , left antennal scale, dorsal view; G , thoracic sternum, ventral view; H , left uropod, dorsal view. Scale bars: A-D, F, H, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm; G, 1 mm. FIG. 3. — Lissosabinea indica ( De Man, 1918 ) , Banda Sea, Indonesia, KARUBAR, stn CP 17, ♀ cl 9.0 mm (MNHN-Na 15152): A , third maxilliped, dorsal view; B , first pereopod, lateral view; C , same, chela, dorsal view; D , second pereopod, lateral view; E , third pereopod, lateral view; F , fourth pereopod, lateral view; G , same, dactylus, lateral view; H , fifth pereopod, lateral view. Scale bars: A-E, G, 2 mm; F, H, 0.5 mm. FIG. 4. — Lissosabinea indica ( De Man,1918 ) ,New Caledonia,MUSORSTOM 5, stn CP 363, ♂ cl 7.0 mm (MNHN-Na 15155): A , anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B , endopod of left first pleopod, ventral view; C , appendix interna and masculina of left second pleopod, dorsomesial view. Scale bar: A, 2 mm; B, C, 0.5 mm. First pereopod ( Fig. 3B, C ) with palm about 3.3 times as long as wide; cutting edge of palm oblique; pollex relatively large, not recurved; carpus armed with two moderately large teeth on lateral margin; merus with strong dorsodistal tooth overreaching distal margin of anteriorly extended carpus, distolateral margin unarmed; ventral lamina of merus terminating distally in subacute tooth. Second pereopod ( Fig. 3D ) far falling short of midlength of merus of first pereopod; dactylus about half length of propodus; propodus not widened distally. Third pereopod ( Fig. 3E ) very slender; ischium 2.7 times as long as merus. Fourth pereopod ( Fig. 3F ) moderately slender, overreaching antennal scale by length of dactylus and 0.40-0.50 of propodus; dactylus ( Fig. 3G ) slender, about 0.35-0.45 times as long as propodus, slightly flattened dorsoventrally, terminating in acute unguis exceeded by tuft of setae arising from lateral of base of unguis; propodus with distal tuft of setae ( Fig. 3G ); carpus 0.85-0.90 as long as propodus; merus about 10.0-10.1 times as long as wide, occasionally with small dorsodistal tooth mesially; ischium about 0.50 times as long as merus. Fifth pereopod ( Fig. 3H ) similar to fourth, overreaching antennal scale by length of dactylus and 0.20 of propodus; merus unarmed on dorsodistal margin. Endopod of male first pleopod as illustrated ( Fig. 4B ). Appendix masculina ( Fig. 4C ) bearing numerous long bristles dorsally and distally. Coloration In life (based on color slides). Carapace, antennae and anterior five abdominal somites mottled reddish brown; rostrum and first middorsal tooth whitish; sixth abdominal somite and telson generally white, reddish brown broad band across posterior half of tail fan (telson + uropods). Eye opaque. Meri of fourth and fifth pereopods banded with reddish brown and white. REMARKS This species resembles L. ecarina n. sp. , which is also found in Indonesian waters. Differences between the two species are discussed under the account of the new species. The present specimens, including those from Japan and New Caledonia , are very similar. De Man (1918 , 1920 ) did not mention the presence of small tegumental scales on the carapace and various appendages. However, reexamination of the holotype has shown that there are many minute pits on the tegumental surfaces, clearly suggesting the presence of tegumental scales. Perhaps, the scales had been detached when De Man examined the holotype . Kim & Natsukari (2000) pointed out that the Japanese specimen they reported upon was different from the extensive description by De Man (1920) in the possession of scattered setae on the dorsal surface of the rostrum and the presence of two pairs of subterminal spines on the telson. It has been found that there are several small pits, representing setal pockets, on the dorsal surface of the rostrum in the holotype , although, indeed, no setae are present there. The terminal process of the telson has two pairs of pits laterally, representing pockets of subterminal spines. Therefore, the discrepancies pointed by Kim & Natsukari (2000) can be attributed to damage of the holotype . The present material indicates that this species is rather widely distributed in the western Pacific northward to central Japan and southward to New Caledonia , with the previous records include Indonesia ( De Man 1918 , 1920 ), Philippines ( Chace 1984 ) and southern Japan ( Kim & Natsukari 2000 ). As mentioned below, the specimens from the Philippines , referred to L. indica (as Sabinea ) by Chace (1984) , actually represent L. ecarina n. sp. Lissosabinea tridentata ( Pequegnat, 1970 ) ( Figs 5 ; 6 ) Sabinea tridentata Pequegnat, 1970: 115 , figs 4-16, 4-17 ( type locality: southeastern Gulf of Mexico, 391 m ). — Pequegnat et al. 1971: 10 . — Dardeau & Heard 1983: 5 , 30, figs 2b, 15. Not Lissosabinea tridentata – Spivak 1997: 73 , table 1. HOLOTYPE . — Gulf of Mexico , Alaminos , stn 65-A-9-21, off Florida , 24°58’N , 84°17’W , 391 m , 14.VII.1965 , ♂ 4.0 mm ( USNM 120088 ). ALLOTYPE . — Same data as holotype, ♀ cl 4.3 mm ( USNM 120089 ). DISTRIBUTION. — Known with certainty only from the Gulf of Mexico ; 391 m . SIZE. — Female cl 4.3 mm ; male cl 4.0 mm. DESCRIPTION Rostrum ( Fig. 6A, B ) straight, directed forward, relatively broad, reaching distal margin of first segment of antennular peduncle; dorsal surface with low, blunt median carina and shallow sulcus on either side of median carina extending to level of base of epigastric tooth; dorsolateral margin slightly elevated, armed with large, slender lateral tooth arising at midlength of rostrum; lateral face excavate at base, with short lateral carina extending to distal 0.30 of rostral length; ventral surface compressed laterally, forming sharp blade with convex ventral margin. Carapace ( Figs 5A, C ; 6A ) 1.10-1.20 times as long as wide. Middorsal carina sharp, extending to 0.80-0.90 of carapace length, armed with three relatively small teeth; epigastric tooth not reaching base of rostrum, arising at 0.15 of carapace length; second tooth smallest, arising at 0.30 of carapace length; third (= cardiac) tooth arising at 0.60 of carapace length. Antennal tooth small, not reaching anterior margin of cornea of eye. Branchiostegal tooth directed forward or somewhat ascending, reaching or slightly overreaching anterior margin of antennal basicerite. Pterygostomial angle rounded. Lateral face of carapace with relatively small hepatic and epibranchial teeth; epibranchial carina short, rather inconspicuous. Sternal tooth on fifth thoracic somite absent in spawning female. FIG. 5. — Lissosabinea tridentata ( Pequegnat, 1970 ) ,off Florida,Gulf of Mexico, Alaminos , stn 65-A-9-21,allotype ♀ cl 4.3 mm (USNM 120089): A , carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B , same, lateral view; C , abdomen, lateral view; D , third abdominal somite, dorsal view; E , telson, dorsal view; F , posterior part of telson, dorsal view; G , left antennal scale, dorsal view. Scale bars: A- E, G, 1 mm; F, 0.5 mm. Second abdominal somite ( Fig. 5C ) smooth on dorsal surface. Third somite ( Fig. 5C, D ) with distinct middorsal carina running almost over entire length, strongly arched in lateral view; posterodorsal margin of somite strongly produced posteriorly. Sixth somite about 1.8 times as long as high; dorsal surface shallowly sulcate on midline.Telson ( Fig. 5E, F ) with two pairs of tiny dorsolateral spines; two mesial spines at posterolateral angle elongate, very slender; terminal process acutely pointed. Cornea of eye ( Fig. 5A, B ) spherical, maximum diameter 0.24-0.25 of carapace length. Antennular peduncle ( Fig. 5A ) reaching 0.35 of antennal scale; stylocerite reaching distal margin of first segment, strongly compressed laterally in distal half; lateral flagellum composed of seven articles in female; mesial flagellum composed of 10 articles in female. Antennal scale ( Fig. 5A, G ) about 0.70 of carapace length and 2.30 times as long as wide, lateral margin slightly concave, distal blade rounded; basicerite ( Fig. 5A, B ) with small ventrolateral tooth; carpocerite slightly overreaching midlength of antennal scale. Third maxilliped overreaching antennal scale by half length of ultimate segment; ultimate segment longer than penultimate segment; antepenultimate segment moderately slender, not foliaceus. First pereopod ( Fig. 6C, D ) with palm about 3.80 times as long as wide; cutting edge of palm strongly oblique; pollex relatively small, not recurved; carpus armed with two moderately large spines on lateral margin; merus with strong dorsodistal spine overreaching distal margin of anteriorly extended carpus, distolateral margin unarmed; ventral lamina terminating distally in acute tooth. Second pereopod not reaching midlength of merus of first pereopod; dactylus about half length of propodus; propodus not widened distally. Third pereopod very slender. Fourth pereopod ( Fig. 6E ) moderately slender, overreaching antennal scale by length of dactylus and 0.30-0.50 of propodus; dactylus slender, about 0.50 times as long as propodus, slightly flattened dorsoventrally, terminating in acute unguis exceeded by tuft of setae arising from lateral of base; propodus with distal tuft of setae; carpus 0.55-0.60 as long as propodus; merus about 9.0 times as long as wide, unarmed on dorsodistal margin; ischium about 0.70 times as long as merus. Fifth pereopod similar to fourth, overreaching antennal scale by length of dactylus and 0.20 of propodus. Coloration Unknown. REMARKS The possession of three median teeth on the carapace links L. tridentata to L. armata n. sp. , although the two species are different in many characters. Differences between the two species are discussed under the account of L. armata n. sp. Dardeau & Heard (1983) , who also reexamined the type material, commented that minor details of Pequegnat’s (1970) figures were inaccurate in that both the stylocerite and antennule were narrower than depicted and in that the distal blade of the antennal scale is actually broadly rounded, rather than obliquely truncate.Here it is confirmed that Dardeau & Heard’s (1983) observation was correct. The antennular stylocerite is strongly compressed laterally and weakly twisted.In addition, the eye is somewhat smaller than depicted by Pequegnat (1970 : fig. 4-17). Christoffersen (1988) assigned two specimens from off Uruguay , one exuvia and a damaged second, to L . cf. tridentata . As noted above, his specimens were different from L. tridentata in having two submedian carinae on the sixth abdominal somite, each is provided with a denticulation at the posterior third and the possession of only a single arthrobranch on the third maxilliped. In all species of Lissosabinea the sixth abdominal somite is rounded dorsally, and the third maxilliped is provided with two arthrobranchs. Therefore, it is suggested that Christoffersen (1988) was actually reporting a species other than L. tridentata , although it remains unknown what species was represented. Spivak (1997) listed L. tridentata from the southwestern Atlantic, but his enumeration was based on the record of Christoffersen (1988) .