A review and clarification of the alticine genera Hemiphrynus Horn 1889 and Phrynocepha Baly 1861 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) Author Gilbert, Arthur J. text Insecta Mundi 2011 2011-11-02 2011 200 1 57 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.5161403 1942-1354 5161403 Key to the described species of Phrynocepha from Central and North America 1. Size large, 7.2 to 11 mm ; procoxae conical; basal margin of pronotum strongly sinuate; “jowl” not obvious; aedeagus as in Fig. 62 , 69 ....................................................... P. pulchella Baly — Size smaller, 3.5 to 7.5 mm ; procoxae globose; basal margin of pronotum weakly sinuate to straight; “jowl” obvious............................................................................................................... 2 2(1). Mesosternum orange; “jowl” carinate ( Fig. 9 ).. ............................................................................ 3 — Mesosternum dark brown or black; “jowl” without carina ( Fig. 7 ) ............................................. 7 3(2). Male with pro- and mesotibiae, from ventral perspective, abruptly expanded in the apical half ( Fig. 55 ); female with pro- and mesotibiae expanded more than metatibiae ............................ ................................................................................................................. P. laevicollis Jacoby — Male with pro- and mesotibiae gradually enlarged, not abruptly expanded; female with pro- and mesotibiae not expanded more than metatibiae ....................................................................... 4 4(3). Size smaller, 3.9 to 4.4 mm ; prosternal intercoxal process grooved, without solid hatchet-shaped knob posterior to procoxae; male unknown .............................. P. australis Gilbert sp. nov. — Size larger, 4.8 to 7.5 mm ; male with prosternal intercoxal process produced into distinct hatchet-shaped knob posterior to procoxae ............................................................................... 5 5(4). Pronotum roughly sculptured, with numerous coalescing punctures ( Fig. 47 ); aedeagus as in Fig. 56 , 64 , 75 ............................................................................................. P. capitata Jacoby — Pronotum smooth, reticulate not roughly sculptured, with punctures distinct or indistinct but not coalescing .............................................................................................................................. 6 6(5). Pronotum dull, not obviously punctate ( Fig. 52 ); occurs at higher elevations (900 meters) in the state of Chiapas , Mexico ; aedeagus as in Fig. 60 , 71 ... P. pseudocapitata Gilbert sp. nov. — Pronotum shining, obviously punctate ( Fig. 49 ); occurs primarily at low elevations in the Mexican states of Colima, Jalisco and Nayarit ; aedeagus as in Fig. 58 , 66 , 76 ....................................... ...................................................................................................... P. kendrae Gilbert sp. nov. 7(2). Size very small, 3.5 mm to 4.0 mm .............................................. P. natalieae Gilbert sp. nov. — Size larger, 4.6 to 7.0 mm .............................................................................................................. 8 8(7). Pronotum impunctate ( Fig. 54 ); aedeagus as in Fig. 63 , 70 ; occurs in the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Durango ; aedeagus as in Fig. 63 , 70 ...................... P. punctulata Pallister — Pronotum with scattered coarse punctures or uniformly, moderately punctate........................ 9 9(8). Pronotum with scattered coarse punctures ( Fig. 51 ); prefrontal clypeal ridge of male shallowly emarginate ( Fig. 44 ); occurs in the Mexican state of Morelos ; aedeagus as in Fig. 59 , 67 , 77 ..................................................................................................... P. marciae Gilbert sp. nov. — Pronotum uniformly punctate ( Fig. 48 , 53 ); male with prefrontal clypeal ridge deeply emarginate ( Fig. 43, 45 ) ............................................................................................................................... 10 10(9). Genal ratio about 1.4x; aedeagus as in Fig. 61 , 68 , 72-73 ............ P. pueblae Gilbert sp. nov. — Genal ratio about 1.7x; aedeagus as in Fig. 57 , 65 , 74 .................................... P. deyrollei Baly