Two new species of the tooth-carp Aphanius (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) and the evolutionary history of the Iranian inland and inland-related Aphanius species Author Esmaeili, Hamid Reza Author Teimori, Azad Author Gholami, Zeinab Author Reichenbacher, Bettina text Zootaxa 2014 3786 3 246 268 journal article 46006 10.11646/zootaxa.3786.3.2 70bbcd7b-175c-4fcd-affb-51b7ab830cfe 1175-5326 229424 8EE76E81-D084-45D4-9EEB-AAECBB0175F1 Key to the species of Aphanius in Iran 1a. Male bluish, black or dusty grey with silvery sports on body, spots might be organized in vertical series........... A. mento 1b. Male with distinct bold black or dark brown lateral bars on body between head and caudal fin base or on posterior body only.....................................................................................................2 2a. Male with 2–3 dark grey or black bars in caudal fin........................................................... 3 2b. Male without bars in caudal fin........................................................................... 5 3a. Scales absent on body; caudal fin slightly emarginate................................................. A. furcatus 3b. Body fully covered by scales; caudal fin truncate or round..................................................... 4 4a. 8–11 dorsal fin rays.............................................................................. A. dispar 4b. 5–7 dorsal fin rays............................................................................. A. ginaonis 5a. 33–43 scales along lateral series; no bold black spot at the middle of the caudal fin base in females............ A.vladykovi 5b. 23–32 scales along lateral series; a bold black spot at the middle of the caudal fin base in females..................... 6 6a. Margin on the dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins black in males........................................... A. isfahanensis 6b. Margin on the dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins white in males...................................................... 7 7a. Males with usually 7–10 wide white flank bars....................................................... A.shirini 7b. Males with usually 10–19 narrow white flank bars...........................................................8 8a. Males with 12–19 flank bars (usually 15–16) (Namak Basin).......................................... A. arakensis 8b. Males with 9–18 flank bars.............................................................................9 9a. Females usually with short brown bars on flank...................................................... A. farsicus 9b. Females with brown or black spots and blotches on flank..................................................... 10 10a. Females with relatively large irregularly shaped dark blotches on the flank.......................... A. kavirensis n. sp. 10b. Females with relatively small and large irregular dark blotches on the flank....................................... 11 11a. Endemic to southern Mesopotamian basin.................................................... A. mesopotamicus 11b. Not endemic to southern Mesopotamian basin.............................................................. 12 12a. Mean scale width % SL>4.5............................................................. A. darabensis n. sp. 12b. Mean scale width % SL <4.5........................................................................... 13 13a. Scale length % SL 2.6–3.8 with mean value of 3.1................................................... A. sophiae 13b. Scale length % SL 3.4–4.5 with mean value of c. 4.0............................................... A. pluristriatus