Phylogenetic Revision of Eryphanis Boisduval, with a Description of a New Species from Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) Author Penz, Carla M. Department of Biological Sciences University of New Orleans 2000 Lakeshore Drive New Orleans, Louisiana, 70148, USA cpenz @ uno. edu text Insecta Mundi 2008 2008-06-06 2008 35 1 25 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.4532981 1942-1354 4532981 Eryphanis zolzivora (Hewitson, 1877) ( Fig. 1G , 2G , 4G , 5G , 6G ) Type locality. Bolivia . Diagnosis . Males and females reddish-brown with conspicuous FW orange submarginal line. Distinguished from E. opimus and E. greeneyi by the dorsal FW orange submarginal line forming a thin, yet conspicuous distal orange crescent mark that is unique to this species. Here the postmedial branch of this line extends anteriorly to the wing margin, and the HW projection at Cu1 is vestigial or small, not extending beyond the anal margin. Annotated redescription. Male. FW length 57-60 mm (n=3). Dorsal FW and HW with reddish-brown background and very faint pinkish iridescent sheen from submedial to postmedial areas of the FW, starting approximately at midlength of the discal cell, but barely visible on the HW. Dorsal FW with a well-defined orange submarginal line interrupted by small gaps below M3, and forming a V-shaped mark with the arms directed distally in cell M3. Submarginal branch of FW submarginal line starts in cell M2, and postmedial branch starts at wing margin, being clearly visible below the R veins. Wing apex with a thin, orange crescent mark. Dorsal FW and HW with well-developed orange marginal outline. HW with a small projection at vein Cu1 that does not extend beyond anal margin. Ventral FW and HW main color brown. Ventral HW white postmedial transverse band well developed, continuous. Ventral HW with brown wavy lines across discal cell. Ventral HW eyespot in cell Sc+Rs not outlined by a pale halo. Ventral HW eyespot in cell Cu1 very large, expanding to cell Cu2. Inner dark circle larger than in E. opimus and E. greeneyi . Uncus humped, valva with subterminal swelling. Female. FW length 66 mm (n=1). Dorsal FW and HW with reddish- brown background that is not as dense as in male, producing a semi-transparent effect. Both wings with pinkish iridescent sheen in the medial area, faint overall, but stronger in the HW. Dorsal FW with a well defined, thick orange submarginal line, barely interrupted at the wing veins below M3, and forming a V-shaped mark with the arms directed distally in cell M3. Submarginal branch of FW submarginal line starts in cell M2. Postmedial branch of submarginal line starts at wing margin, clearly visible in the cell below the R stem. Wing apex with a thin, orange crescent mark, as in male. HW projection at Cu1 can be less distinct than in male, and very small in some specimens. Ventral surface of wings as in male. Sterigma projection with an elongated arm, and multiple points anteriorly. Distribution . Bolivia , perhaps reaching southern Peru ( Frühstorfer 1912 , Appendix 1). Collection labels list an elevation of 1,650 m (El Palmar, Cochabamba , Bolivia ).